Upāsakattapaṭivedanākathāvaṇṇanā

15.Kaṇṇasukhatohadayaṅgamatoti vacanameva sandhāya vuttaṃ. Anattukkaṃsanatotiādi puggalavasena, kaṇṇasukhatoti sotindriyaṃ sandhāya. Āpāthāramaṇīyatoti ñāṇāpāthāramaṇīyato. Sayameva heṭṭhāmukhajātaṃ vā, maggo pana asoko hoti. Tadā hi soko pahīyamāno. Cariyādianukūlato appaṭikūlaṃ. ‘‘Madhuramima’’nti vuttattā ‘‘dhammamima’’nti vacanaṃ adhikaṃ viya dissati. Tasmā ‘‘rāgavirāgamima’’nti evaṃ visuṃ visuṃ yojetvā puna piṇḍetvā dhammamimaṃ upehīti yojetabbaṃ, ‘‘dhammameva saraṇatthamupehī’’ti paṭhanti kirāti dīpeti. Saraṇagatānaṃ teneva saraṇagamanena bhayaṃ santāsaṃ duggatiṃ parikkilesaṃ dukkhaṃ hiṃsatīti ratanattayaṃ saraṇaṃ nāma. Tappasādataggarutādīhi vihatakileso tapparāyanatākārappavatto cittuppādo saraṇagamanaṃ. Taṃsamaṅgīsatto saraṇaṃ gacchati. Pabhedena pana duvidhaṃ saraṇagamanaṃ lokuttaraṃ lokiyanti. Tattha lokuttaraṃ diṭṭhasaccānaṃ maggakkhaṇe saraṇagamanupakkilesasamucchedena nibbānārammaṇaṃ hutvā kiccato sakalepi ratanattaye ijjhati. Lokiyaṃ puthujjanānaṃ saraṇagamanupakkilesaṃ tadaṅgavikkhambhanena ārammaṇato buddhādiguṇārammaṇaṃ hutvā ijjhati. Taṃ atthato ratanattaye saddhāpaṭilābho saddhāmūlikā ca sammādiṭṭhi. Lokuttarassa cattāri sāmaññaphalāni vipākaphalaṃ, sabbadukkhakkhayo ānisaṃsaphalaṃ. ‘‘Yo ca buddhañca dhammañca…pe… sabbadukkhā pamuccatī’’ti (dha. pa. 190-192) hi vuttaṃ. Lokiyassa bhavabhogasampadā. ‘‘Ye keci buddhaṃ saraṇaṃ gatāse’’ti (dī. ni. 2.332; saṃ. ni. 1.37) hi vuttaṃ. Lokiyasaraṇagamanaṃ tīsu vatthūsu aññāṇasaṃsayamicchāñāṇādīhi saṃkilissati, na mahājutikaṃ hoti, na mahāvipphāraṃ. Lokuttarassa natthi saṃkileso. Lokiyassa sāvajjo anavajjoti duvidho bhedo. Tattha aññasatthārādīsu attasanniyyātanādīhi sāvajjo hoti, so aniṭṭhaphalo. Anavajjo kālakiriyāya, so avipākattā aphalo. Lokuttarassa nevatthi bhedo. Bhavantarepi hi ariyasāvako aññaṃ satthāraṃ na uddisati. Yo koci saraṇagato gahaṭṭho upāsako. Ratanattayaupāsanato upāsako. Pañca veramaṇiyo sīlaṃ. Satthasattamaṃsamajjavisavāṇijjārahitaṃ dhammena jīvikaṃ ājīvo. Vuttasīlājīvavipatti vipatti nāma. Viparītā sampatti.

16.Lacchāma nu khoti duggate sandhāya vuttaṃ. Sakkhissāma nukho noti samiddhe sandhāya. Tattha verañjāyaṃ. Paggayhatīti pattaṃ paggaho, tena paggahena pattenāti attho. Samādāyevāti nidassanaṃ. Na ca vaṭṭatīti puna pākaṃ kiñcāpi vaṭṭati, tathāpi na suṭṭhu pakkattā vuttaṃ, ‘‘uttaṇḍulabhattaṃ labhitvāpi pidhetuṃ na vaṭṭatī’’ti aṭṭhakathāvacanañcettha sādhakaṃ. ‘‘Sāvakānaṃ vā sikkhāpadaṃ paññapessāmī’’ti iminā vacanena ājīvapārisuddhisīlaṃ sandhāya ‘‘pacchā sīla’’nti vuttaṃ. Upālittheropi taṃ taṃ vatthuṃ paṭicca bhagavatā bahūni sikkhāpadāni paññattāni atthīti dīpeti. Yadi evaṃ verañjāyaṃ ‘‘etassa bhagavā kālo’’ti vacanaṃ na sametīti ce? Na, tato pubbe sikkhāpadābhāvappasaṅgato. Thero pana paññattāni ṭhapetvā idāni paññapetabbāni pātimokkhuddesappahonakāni sandhāyāha. Bhagavāpi ‘‘na tāva sāriputta satthā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapetī’’ti bhaddālisutte (ma. ni. 2.134; ādayo) viya ekaccesu paññattesupi tato paraṃ paññapetabbāni sandhāyāha. Idheva aṭṭhakathāyaṃ ‘‘sāmampi pacanaṃ samaṇasāruppaṃ na hoti na ca vaṭṭatī’’ti vacanañca, tathā ‘‘ratticchedo vā vassacchedo vā’’tiādivacanāni ca atthi. Aññathā ‘‘dvīhākārehi buddhā bhagavanto bhikkhū paṭipucchantī’’ti idhevedaṃ pāḷiṭhapanaṃ virujjhatīti ācariyena vicāritaṃ, taṃ sundaraṃ pubbepi paññattasikkhāpadasambhavato. Kintu idha pāḷiṭhapanavirodhavicāraṇā pana nippayojanā viya mama dissati. Kasmā? Upālittherena saṅgītikāle vuttapāṭhattā. Ratticchedoti sattāhakiccaṃ sandhāya vutto. ‘‘Sattāhakaraṇīyena gantvā ratticchedo vā vassacchedo vā ekabhikkhunāpi na kato’’ti vuttaṃ kira mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ, tasmā vassacchedassa kāraṇe sati sattāhakiccaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatīti eke. Vinayadharā pana nicchanti, tasmā aṭṭhakathādhippāyo vīmaṃsitabbo, imāya verañjāyaṃ appicchatādipaṭipadāya pasannā. Sālīnaṃ vikati sālivikati.

17-8.Upapannaphaloti bahuphalo. ‘‘Khuddaṃ madhu’’nti pāṭho. Theraṃ sīhanādaṃ nadāpetuṃ pucchīti iminā ācariyo yaṃ pubbe āṇāya ṭhitānaṃ sāvakānaṃ mahānubhāvatādassanaṃ ‘‘verañjāyaṃ nivāsappayojana’’nti amhehi vuttaṃ, taṃ sampādeti, rājagahe verañjāyañcāti ubhayattha vitakkuppāde ekato piṇḍetvā dassento ‘‘atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassā’’tiādimāha. Kālaṃ sandhāya ciraṃ, ṭhitiṃ sandhāya cirāti viggaho.

Kāmaṃ hinoti attano phalanibbattiyā sahāyaṃ gacchatīti kattari hetu, tathāpi idha tena karaṇabhūtena tassa phalaṃ hinoti pavattatīti hetu. Tathā ghaṭanti tenāti ghaṭo. Kilāsunoti payojanābhāvena avāvaṭā. Abbokiṇṇāni visabhāgehi. Āgāminiyā anāgateti attho. Imesaṃyeva noti dassanatthaṃ ‘‘sabbabuddhānaṃ hī’’ti vuttaṃ. Yāvasāsanapariyantāti yāva buddhā dharanti, tāvāti attho. Khattiyabrāhmaṇāva uccā, tatthāpi visesaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘uccanīcauḷāruḷārabhogā’’ti. ‘‘Manasi katvā’’tipi pāṭho. Upasampādyaupasampādyaiccetaṃ dvayaṃ māgadhe ‘‘upasampajjā’’ti vuccati. Anupādāyāti ārammaṇakaraṇavasena aggahetvā. Āsavehīti kattari tatiyāvibhatti. Cittānīti paccattabahuvacanaṃ. Vimucciṃsūti kammakārake. Vimocitānīti adhippāyoti ācariyo. Āsavehīti padañca paccatte karaṇavacanaṃ katvā gaṇṭhipade attho pakāsito. Yadi ariyamaggena niruddhānaṃ āsavānaṃ vasena anāsavatā, loke cittānipi anāsavā siyuṃ. Na hi niruddhāni cittāni ārammaṇāni karontīti tāni aniruddhāsavavasena sāsavānīti ce. Sotāpannassa maggacittaṃ uparimaggavajjhāsavavasena sāsavaṃ, avasiṭṭhāsavasamucchindanānubhāvattā phalāni sāsavāni siyunti? Na, āsavasamucchindanānubhāvāgataphalattā. Bhiṃsanassa karaṇaṃ bhiṃsanakataṃ, tasmiṃ bhiṃsanakatasmiṃ, bhiṃsanakiriyāyāti attho. Itthiliṅgaṃ vipallāsaṃ katvā napuṃsakaliṅgaṃ, purisaliṅgaṃ vā katvā. Nimittattheti ettha –

‘‘Cammani dīpinaṃ hanti, dantesu hanti kuñjaraṃ;

Vālesu cāmariṃ hanti, siṅgesu sarabho hato’’ti. –

Adhikaraṇaṃ.

20-21. Naciraṭṭhitikakāraṇe kathite ciraṭṭhitikakāraṇaṃ atthato vuttapaṭipakkhavasena kiñcāpi siddhaṃ, tathāpi taṃ therassa vinayapaññattiyācanāya okāsakāraṇādhippāyato vinayapaññattiyācanokāsaṃ pāpetuṃ puna bhagavantaṃ ‘‘ko pana, bhante, hetū’’ti pucchi. Bhagavāpi yācanaṃ sampaṭicchitukāmo byākāsi. ‘‘Āsavaṭṭhānīyā saṅghe pātubhavantī’’ti puggalassa saṅghapariyāpannattā vuttaṃ. Ādaratthavasenevettha dvikkhattuṃ vuttanti yasmā thero pubbe rājagahe, sampati verañjāyanti dvikkhattuṃ kāci, tasmā ādarena punappunaṃ yācayamānaṃ passitvā sayampi bhagavā ādareneva ‘‘āgamehi tvaṃ sāriputtā’’ti āha. Tenetaṃ dīpeti ‘‘mā tvaṃ punappunaṃ yācāhi, sampaṭicchitāva mayā te yācanā, pubbenanu tavayācanaṃ sampaṭicchatāva mayā ettake kāle ettakāni sikkhāpadāni paññattāni, na tāva me sāvakānaṃ āṇāpātimokkhuddesānujānanakālo sampatto, takkānumānavasena tayā ‘etassa bhagavā kālo’ti punappunaṃ niddisiyamānopi nesa so kālo, kintu tathāgatova tattha kālaṃ jānissatī’’ti. Yasmā pana ‘‘sikkhāpadapaññattikālato pabhuti āṇāpātimokkhameva uddisiyatī’’ti vuttaṃ, tasmā pātimokkhuddesappahonakasikkhāpadameva sandhāyāha. ‘‘Tatthāti sikkhāpadapaññattiyācanāpekkhaṃ bhummavacana’’nti ekameva padaṃ vuttaṃ tassā siddhiyā itarassa siddhito. ‘‘Sāvakānaṃ visayabhāvanti iminā mahāpadumattheravādo paṭikkhitto’’ti anugaṇṭhipade vuttaṃ, taṃ sundaraṃ viya. Sammukhe garahā. Parammukhe upavādo. ‘‘Na, bhikkhave, ūnadasavassena…pe… dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 75) idaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ bhagavā buddhattena dasavassiko hutvā paññapesi ūnadasavassikassa tassa tathā sikkhāpadapaññattiyā abhāvato. Na tadā atirekadasavassikova dasavassikānaṃ rattaññumahattappattito, tasmā taṃ sikkhāpadaṃ verañjāyaṃ vassāvāsato pubbe rājagahe eva paññattanti siddhaṃ, tasmiṃ siddhe siddhameva ‘‘yāva na saṅgho rattaññumahattaṃ pattoti vacanaṃ ito pubbe paṭhamayācanāyapi vutta’’nti. Aṭṭhakathāyampi rattaññumahattappattakāle ‘‘dve sikkhāpadānī’’ti gaṇanaparicchedavacanaṃ paṭhamayācanāya vuttavacanaṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ. Aññathā rattaññumahattappattakāle dve eva, na aññanti āpajjati.

‘‘Atha kho āyasmato sāriputtassā’’tiādimhi ayamādito paṭṭhāya atthavibhāvanā – ayaṃ kirāyasmā assajittherato paṭiladdhaṃ ekagāthāmattakaṃ dhammapariyāyaṃ nayasatasahassehi vivecento arahattaṃ patvā sāvakapāramīñāṇe ṭhito ‘‘aho vata mahānubhāvoyaṃ saddhammo, yo vināpi dhammasāminā parammukhato sutamattepi mayhaṃ mahantaṃ guṇavisesaṃ janesi, sādhu vatāyaṃ saddhammo ciraṃ tiṭṭheyyā’’ti cintento ‘‘katamesānaṃ nu kho buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ…pe… na ciraṭṭhitika’’nti tamatthaṃ, kāraṇañca attano aggasāvakañāṇena paṭivijjhitvā ‘‘sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññattantiādiciraṭṭhitikāraṇa’’nti niṭṭhaṃ katvā vinayapaññattiyācanokāsakaraṇatthaṃ bhagavantaṃ pucchi. Tato pañhassa vissajjane vinayapaññattiyācanokāse sampatte ‘‘etassa bhagavā kālo, etassa sugata kālo’’ti vinayapaññattiṃ yāci. Tato bhagavā tassā yācanāya sampaṭicchitabhāvaṃ, ‘‘etassa bhagavā kālo’’ti vuttakālassa akālataṃ, kālassa ca anaññavisayataṃ dīpento ‘‘āgamehi tva’’ntiādimāha, tato bhagavā tassa yācanaṃ, sattesu kāruññatañca paṭicca ‘‘tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū anupajjhāyakā anācariyakā anovadiyamānā’’tiādinā (mahāva. 64) nayena vepullamahattataṃ paṭicca satthā sāvakānaṃ upajjhāyavattādīni vinayakammāni, tadanurūpasikkhāpadāni ca paññapesi. Tato anukkamena dvādasamavassaṃ verañjāyaṃ vasi. Tadā ca āyasmā sāriputto satthārā niddiṭṭhesu ciraṭṭhitihetūsu jātesu ‘‘navaṅgasatthusāsanamahattatā ca sampati jātā, vinayapaññatti ca bahutarā jātā, pātimokkhuddeso eveko na tāva sāvakānaṃ anuññāto, so ca parisuddhena saṅghena karīyati. Saṅghopi etarahi parisuddho pacchimakassa sotāpannattā’’ti cintetvā pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujānāpetukāmo yattakehi ca sikkhāpadehi pātimokkhuddeso anujānīyati, tattakānaṃ paññattiyācanapubbaṅgamaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ yācanto pubbuppannavitakkasūcanapucchāvissajjanakkamavasena yācanokāse sampatte ‘‘etassa bhagavā kālo’’tiādimāha.

Tattha ‘‘yaṃ bhagavā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapeyyā’’ti pātimokkhuddesappahonakasikkhāpadaṃ sandhāyāha, ayamattho bhaddālisuttena (ma. ni. 2.134 ādayo) dīpetabbo . Tattha hi bahūsu sikkhāpadesu paññattesu, paññapiyamānesu ca ‘‘na tāva bhaddāli satthā sāvakānaṃ sikkhāpadaṃ paññapetī’’tiādi (ma. ni. 2.145) vuttaṃ apaññattaṃ upādāya, tathā idhāpi apaññattaṃ sandhāya vuttanti veditabbaṃ. Parisuddhattā saṅghassa sampati sāvakānaṃ āṇāpātimokkhuddesaṃ nānujānāmīti dassento ‘‘nirabbudo’’tiādimāha. Na hi parisuddhe saṅghe ovādapātimokkhuddesassa anuddesakāraṇaṃ atthi, tasmiṃ sati āṇāpātimokkhuddesānujānanādhippāyato. Tathā ca so tato aṭṭhannaṃvassānaṃ accayena anuññāto. Yathāha pātimokkhaṭhapanakkhandhake (cūḷava. 386) ‘‘na dānāhaṃ, bhikkhave, ito paraṃ uposathaṃ karissāmi…pe… pātimokkhaṃ uddiseyyāthā’’ti. Yaṃ pana upasampadakkhandhake (mahāva. 129) ‘‘tena kho pana samayena bhikkhū aññataraṃ bhikkhuṃ upasampādetvā ekakaṃ ohāya pakkamiṃsu…pe… so tassā methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭisevitvā cirena agamāsī’’ti vatthu āgataṃ, taṃ sudinnavatthuto parato uppannampi tattha yathādhikāraṃ samodhānetuṃ vuttaṃ. Tathā tattheva ‘‘ubhayāni kho panassa pātimokkhāni vitthārena svāgatāni hontī’’tiādinā (pāci. 147; a. ni. 8.52; 10.33) aṅgānipi veditabbāni. Na hi ādito eva ubhatopātimokkhāni siddhānīti. Apica ādito paṭṭhāya ayamanukkamo veditabbo, seyyathidaṃ – rāhulakumāre uppanne bodhisatto nikkhamitvā chabbassāni dukkaraṃ katvā sattame abhisambuddho, tasmiṃ eva saṃvacchare kapilavatthuṃ gantvā rāhulakumāraṃ pabbājesi. Ambalaṭṭhikarāhulovādasuttaṭṭhakathāyaṃ (ma. ni. aṭṭha. 2.107 ādayo) ‘‘ayañhi āyasmā sattavassikakāle bhagavantaṃ cīvarakaṇṇe gahetvā ‘dāyajjaṃ me samaṇa dehi, dāyajjaṃ me samaṇa dehī’ti dāyajjaṃ yācamāno bhagavatā dhammasenāpatisāriputtattherassa niyyādetvā pabbājito’’ti ca vuttaṃ, tasmā rāhulakumāraṃ ārabbha ‘‘anujānāmi, bhikkhave, tīhi saraṇagamanehi sāmaṇerapabbajja’’nti (mahāva. 105) vuttattā saraṇagamanūpasampadā paṭhamavassabbhantare eva paṭikkhittā, ñatticatutthakammavasena upasampadā anuññātāti paññāyati. Apica rāhulavatthumhi ‘‘na, bhikkhave, ananuññāto mātāpitūhi putto pabbājetabbo, yo pabbājeyya, āpatti dukkaṭassā’’ti (mahāva. 105) sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, tasmā ito pubbepi sikkhāpadāni paññattānīti siddhaṃ.

Sutvā ca yo hetunirodhamaggaṃ,

Nirodhupāyaṃ paṭivijjhi khippaṃ;

Jātovapekkhena asesametaṃ,

Lokaṃ vipassī sugataggasisso.

So dhammasenāpati aggasisso,

Saddhammarājassa tathāgatassa;

Sayaṃ munindena yasassa patto,

Anekaso soḷasadhā pasattho.

Tasmā hi sikkhāpadabandhakālo,

Ñātumpi loke atibhāriyova;

Pageva sikkhāpadabhāvabhedo,

Pageva añño ubhayattha tattha.

Paccekabuddhā api taṃ dvayantu,

Ñātuṃ na sakkāva pageva netuṃ;

Nissaṃsayaṃ tattha tathāgatova,

Jānissaticcāha tathāgatoti.

Iccetamatthaṃ idha bhikkhu ñatvā,

Sikkhāpadānaṃ kamabhāvabhedaṃ;

Ñātuṃ sayaṃ no na pare ca netuṃ,

Pariyesitabbo idha yuttimaggo.

Tattha kamabhedo sikkhāpadānaṃ parato āvi bhavissati. Bhāvabhedo tāva ukkhittakānuvattanapaccayā bhikkhu anāpattiko, bhikkhunī pana samanubhaṭṭhā pārājikā hoti. Pārājikāpattipaṭicchādane bhikkhussa dukkaṭaṃ, bhikkhuniyā pārājikaṃ. Duṭṭhullaṃ ārocentassa, paṭicchādentassa ca pācittiyaṃ. Mahāsāvajjaṃ pārājikaṃ ārocentassa, paṭicchādentassa ca bhikkhussa dukkaṭaṃ. Iccevamādīhi abhāvabhedasikkhāpadānaṃ idha bhāvabhedena yuttipariyesanaṃ sādhayamānopi siyā anummādavighātabhāgīti. Ettāvatā sakalassapi vinayapiṭakassa vitakkayācanakālakālaññūkāraṇaphalapayojanehi sattahi aṅgehi paṭimaṇḍitaṃ nidānamāyasmatā upālittherena nidassitaṃ hoti. Tattha therassa vinayapaññattiyācanahetubhūto vitakko nāma. Tasseva ‘‘etassa bhagavā kālo’’tiādinā pavattā yācanā nāma. Rattaññūvepullalābhaggabāhusaccamahattappatti kālo nāma. Sabbaññū eva kālaññū nāma. Āsavaṭṭhānīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ pātubhāvo kāraṇaṃ nāma. ‘‘Tesaṃyeva āsavaṭṭhānīyānaṃ dhammānaṃ paṭighātāyā’’ti vacanato āsavaṭṭhānīyadhammapaṭighāto phalaṃ nāma. ‘‘Yathayidaṃ brahmacariyaṃ addhaniyaṃ assā’’ti vacanato sāsanabrahmacariyassa ciraṭṭhiti payojananti veditabbaṃ. Hoti cettha –

‘‘Vitakko yācanā kālo, kālaññū kāraṇaṃ phalaṃ;

Payojananti sattaṅgaṃ, nidānaṃ vinayassidhā’’ti.

22.Antimamaṇḍalanti abbhantaramaṇḍalaṃ. Tañhi itaresaṃ anto hoti, khuddakamaṇḍalaṃ vā. Anumatidānavasena tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ datvā. Tesaṃ buddhānaṃ cārikāya vinetabbā veneyyasattā. Ocinantā viyāti bahupupphaṃ gacchaṃ mālākārā ciraṃ ocinanti, evaṃ bahuveneyyesu gāmādīsu ciraṃ vasantā veneyyapuññaṃ pariharantā caranti. Santaṃ sukhaṃ, na vedanāsukhaṃ viya saparipphandaṃ. Dasasahassacakkavāḷeti devānaṃ vasena vuttaṃ. Manussā pana imasmiṃyeva cakkavāḷe bodhaneyyā uppajjanti. Mahākaruṇāya dhuvaṃ sattasamavalokanaṃ. Otiṇṇeti parisamajjhaṃ āgate, ārocite vā. Yena kāraṇena mayaṃ tumhākaṃ deyyadhammaṃ dadeyyāma, taṃ kuto sakkā laddhuṃ. Bahukiccā hi gharāvāsāti. Dutiyavikappe tanti deyyadhammaṃ. ‘‘Tumhehi taṃ kuto laddhā’’ti anugaṇṭhipade vuttaṃ. Keci pana ‘‘paṭhamaṃ kiriyaṃ pekkhati, dutiyaṃ deyyadhamma’’nti vadanti. Ācariyo pana ‘‘paṭhamayojanāya yaṃ dānapuññaṃ, taṃ kuto labbhā. Puññantarāyabahulā hi gharāvāsāti. Dutiyayojanāya temāsabbhantare yamahaṃ dadeyyaṃ, atikkantakālattā tamahaṃ sampati kuto dadeyyanti dassetī’’ti vadati. Sīlādikusaladhammasandassanādidhammaratanavassaṃ.

23. Pattuṇṇadese pattuṇṇaṃ paṭavaraṃ. Mahāyāganti mahādānaṃ. Paripuṇṇasaṅkappanti temāsaṃ sotabbaṃ ajja suṇinti.

Tatridanti idaṃ kāraṇaṃ.

Upāli dāsakoti ācariyaparamparato. Bāhirabbhantaranidānaṃ, sikkhāpadānaṃ paññattiṭṭhānasaṅkhātaṃ āveṇikanidānañca sandhāyāha ‘‘nidānassa pabhedadīpanato’’ti. Theravādādi vatthuppabhedo. Sakāya paṭiññāya mettiyaṃ bhikkhuniṃ nāsethātiādi parasamayavivajjanatotiādi. Vibhaṅganayabhedadassanatoti tisso itthiyo bhūmaṭṭhaṃ thalaṭṭhantiādi. Etthāha – kiṃ bhagavato mārāvaṭṭanapaṭighātāya satti natthīti? Atthi, tathāpissa pacchā upaguttakāle pasādahetuttā adhivāseti. Ettha upaguttādhiṭṭhānaṃ vattabbaṃ. Buddhānaṃ āciṇṇanti dijadassanena kiṃpayojananti ce? Mārāvaṭṭanahetu brāhmaṇassa puññantarāyoti payojanaṃ.

Dijopi so māramanorathassa,

Bhaṅgaṃ karonto jinapuṅgavassa;

Sassissasaṅghassa adāsi dānaṃ,

Asesakaṃ kappiyabhaṇḍabhedaṃ.

Kiṃ bhagavā sasisso tāva mahantaṃ kappiyabhaṇḍaṃ ubbhaṇḍikaṃ katvā agamāsīti? Na agamāsi, temāsibhāgiyaṃ pana puññarāsikaṃ deyyadhammaṃ appaṭikkhipanto brāhmaṇassa upāyato satthā adāsi.

Tadaññathā māramanorathova,

Pūro siyā neva dijassa bhiyyo;

Pāpaṃ mahantaṃ api pāpuṇeyya,

Micchābhimānena tathāgate so.

Tasmā bhagavā assādiyanto taṃ deyyadhammaṃ appaṭikkhipanto upāyena brāhmaṇassa puññabuddhiṃ katvā, mārassa ca manorathavighātaṃ katvā agamāsīti, ‘‘ayaṃ nayo aṭṭhakathaṃ vināpi pāḷinayānulomato siddho’’ti vadanti. Kathaṃ? –

‘‘Satthā sasisso yadi aggahesi,

Dijassa taṃ cīvaramāditova;

Nāthassa no vīsativassakāle,

Virujjhate jīvakayācanāpi;

Tathāpi sabbaṃ suvicārayitvā,

Yuttaṃ nayaṃ cintayituṃva yutta’’nti.

Idāni āyasmā upālitthero vinayapaññattiyā sādhāraṇanidānaṃ dassetvā sikkhāpadānaṃ pāṭekkaṃ paññattiṭṭhānasaṅkhātaṃ nidānamādiṃ katvā puggalapaññattianupaññattivibhāgāpattibhedantarāpattiādikaṃ nānappakāraṃ vidhiṃ nijjaṭaṃ niggumbaṃ katvā dassetuṃ ‘‘atha kho bhagavā verañjāyaṃ yathābhirantaṃ viharitvā’’tiādimāhāti. Idha ṭhatvā –

Sikkhāpadāna sabbesaṃ, kamabhedaṃ pakāsaye;

Tasmiṃ siddhe nidānānaṃ, kamasiddhi yato bhave.

Tattha sabbasikkhāpadānaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ desanākkamo pahānakkamo paṭipattikkamo uppattikkamoti catubbidho kamo labbhati. Tattha bhagavatā rājagahe bhikkhūnaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujānantena pātimokkhuddesassa yo desanākkamo anuññāto, taṃ desanākkamamanulomento āyasmā mahākassapo paṭhamaṃ pārājikuddesaṃ pucchi, tadanantaraṃ saṅghādisesuddesaṃ, tato aniyatuddesaṃ vitthāruddesañca pucchitvā tadanantaraṃ bhikkhunīvibhaṅgañca teneva anukkamena pucchi, nidānuddesantogadhānañca sarūpena anuddiṭṭhānaṃ pucchanatthaṃ khandhakepi pucchi. Etena ca khandhake paññattā thullaccayā saṅgahitā honti. Pucchitānukkameneva upālitthero taṃ sabbaṃ sāpattibhedādikaṃ desento thullaccayadubbhāsitaāpattisamuṭṭhānādidīpakaṃ antokatvā desesi, ayamettha desanākkamo. Ubhatovibhaṅgakhandhakato pana uccinitvā tadā parivārapāḷi visuṃ katā. Imameva nayaṃ sandhāya aṭṭhakathāyaṃ vuttaṃ ‘‘eteneva upāyena khandhakaparivārepi āropesu’’ntiādi (pārā. aṭṭha. 1.paṭhamamahāsaṅgītikathā). Apica pāḷiyā ‘‘etenevupāyena ubhatovinaye pucchi. Puṭṭho puṭṭho āyasmā upāli vissajjesī’’ti ettakameva vuttaṃ, tasmā mahākassapo ubhatovibhaṅge eva pucchi. Vissajjento pana āyasmā upāli nivarasesaṃ desento khandhakaparivāre antokatvā desesi. Tadā ca khandhakaparivārapāḷi visuṃ katāti ayaṃ desanākkamo. Yadi evaṃ nidānuddeso paṭhamaṃ desetabboti ce? Na, tadasambhavato. So hi ‘‘yassa siyā āpattī’’tiādinā (mahāva. 134) nayena pavattattā paṭhamaṃ sikkhāpadasaṅgahitāsu āpattīsu adassitāsu na sambhavati. ‘‘Yāni mayā bhikkhūnaṃ paññattāni sikkhāpadāni, tāni nesaṃ pātimokkhuddesaṃ anujāneyya’’nti vacanato sikkhāpadāneva paṭhamaṃ desetabbānīti pārājikuddesakkamo sambhavati.

Pārājikuddesādisaṅgahitānaṃ āpattiakusalānaṃ yathoḷārikakkamena pahātabbattā pahānakkamopettha sambhavati. Upasampannasamanantaraṃ ‘‘tāvadeva cattāri akaraṇīyāni ācikkhitabbānī’’ti (mahāva. 129) vacanato ‘‘samādāya sikkhati sikkhāpadesū’’ti (dī. ni. 1.193) vacanato ca yathā garukaṃ ācikkhaṇaṃ sikkhanena paṭipattikkamopettha sambhavati, evamimehi tīhi kamehi desetabbānampetesaṃ sikkhāpadānaṃ yathāsambhavaṃ uppattikkamo sambhavati. Tathā hi yaṃ yaṃ sādhāraṇaṃ, taṃ taṃ bhikkhuṃ ārabbha uppanne eva vatthusmiṃ ‘‘yā pana bhikkhunī chandaso methunaṃ dhammaṃ paṭiseveyyā’’ti bhikkhunīnampi paññattaṃ. Aññathā taṃ bhikkhunīnaṃ anuppannapaññatti siyā. Tato ‘‘anuppannapaññatti tasmiṃ natthī’’ti (pari. 247) parivāre etaṃ vacanaṃ virujjhati, ettāvatā purimena kamattayena paṭhamaṃ desetabbataṃ patte pārājikuddese paṭhamuppannattā methunadhammapārājikaṃ sabbapaṭhamaṃ desetukāmo upālitthero ‘‘tatra sudaṃ bhagavā vesāliya’’nti vesālimeva pāpetvā ṭhapesi. Aññathā bārāṇasiyaṃ paññattānaṃ ‘‘na, bhikkhave, manussamaṃsaṃ paribhuñjitabba’’nti (mahāva. 280) evamādīnaṃ desanādhippāye sati bārāṇasiṃ pāpetvā ṭhapeyyāti.

Abbhantaranidānakathā niṭṭhitā.

Verañjakaṇḍavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.