2. Lakuṇḍakabhaddiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Pare ambāṭakārāmetiādikā āyasmato lakuṇḍakabhaddiyattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayaṃ kira padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare mahābhoge kule nibbattitvā, vayappatto satthu santike dhammaṃ suṇanto nisinno tasmiṃ khaṇe satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ mañjussarānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā, sayampi taṃ ṭhānaṃ patthento buddhappamukhassa bhikkhusaṅghassa mahādānaṃ datvā, ‘‘aho vatāhampi anāgate ayaṃ bhikkhu viya ekassa buddhassa sāsane mañjussarānaṃ aggo bhaveyya’’nti paṇidhānaṃ akāsi. Bhagavā ca tassa anantarāyataṃ disvā byākaritvā pakkāmi.

So tattha yāvajīvaṃ puññāni katvā devamanussesu saṃsaranto phussassa bhagavato kāle cittapattakokilo hutvā rājuyyānato madhuraṃ ambaphalaṃ tuṇḍenādāya gacchanto satthāraṃ disvā pasannamānaso ‘‘dassāmī’’ti cittaṃ uppādesi. Satthā tassa cittaṃ ñatvā pattaṃ gahetvā nisīdi. Kokilo dasabalassa patte ambapakkaṃ patiṭṭhāpesi. Satthā taṃ paribhuñji. So kokilo pasannamānaso teneva pītisukhena sattāhaṃ vītināmesi. Tena ca puññakammena mañjussaro ahosi. Kassapasammāsambuddhakāle pana cetiye āraddhe kiṃ pamāṇaṃ karoma? Sattayojanappamāṇaṃ. Atimahantametaṃ. Chayojanappamāṇaṃ. Etampi atimahantaṃ. Pañcayojanaṃ, catuyojanaṃ, tiyojanaṃ, dviyojananti vutte ayaṃ tadā jeṭṭhavaḍḍhakī hutvā ‘‘etha, bho, anāgate sukhapaṭijaggiyaṃ kātuṃ vaṭṭatī’’ti vatvā rajjuyā parikkhipanto gāvutamattake ṭhatvā ‘‘ekekaṃ mukhaṃ gāvutaṃ gāvutaṃ hotu, cetiyaṃ ekayojanāvaṭṭaṃ yojanubbedhaṃ bhavissatī’’ti āha. Te tassa vacane aṭṭhaṃsu. Iti appamāṇassa buddhassa pamāṇaṃ akāsīti. Tena pana kammena nibbattanibbattaṭṭhāne aññehi nīcatarappamāṇo hoti.

So amhākaṃ satthu kāle sāvatthiyaṃ mahābhogakule nibbatti, bhaddiyotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. Atirassatāya pana lakuṇḍakabhaddiyoti paññāyittha. So satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā, paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā, bahussuto dhammakathiko hutvā madhurena sarena paresaṃ dhammaṃ kathesi. Athekasmiṃ ussavadivase ekena brāhmaṇena saddhiṃ rathena gacchantī aññatarā gaṇikā theraṃ disvā dantavidaṃsakaṃ hasi. Thero tassā dantaṭṭhike nimittaṃ gahetvā jhānaṃ uppādetvā, taṃ pādakaṃ katvā, vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā, anāgāmī ahosi. So abhiṇhaṃ kāyagatāya satiyā viharanto ekadivasaṃ āyasmatā dhammasenāpatinā ovadiyamāno arahatte patiṭṭhahi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.55.1-33) –

‘‘Padumuttaro nāma jino, sabbadhammesu cakkhumā;

Ito satasahassamhi, kappe uppajji nāyako.

‘‘Tadāhaṃ haṃsavatiyaṃ seṭṭhiputto mahaddhano;

Jaṅghāvihāraṃ vicaraṃ, saṅghārāmaṃ agacchahaṃ.

‘‘Tadā so lokapajjoto, dhammaṃ desesi nāyako;

Mañjussarānaṃ pavaraṃ, sāvakaṃ abhikittayi.

‘‘Taṃ sutvā mudito hutvā, kāraṃ katvā mahesino;

Vanditvā satthuno pāde, taṃ ṭhānamabhipatthayiṃ.

‘‘Tadā buddho viyākāsi, saṅghamajjhe vināyako;

Anāgatamhi addhāne, lacchase taṃ manorathaṃ.

‘‘Satasahassito kappe, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhammesu dāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Bhaddiyo nāma nāmena, hessati satthu sāvako.

‘‘Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.

‘‘Dvenavute ito kappe, phusso uppajji nāyako;

Durāsado duppasaho, sabbalokuttamo jino.

‘‘Caraṇena ca sampanno, brahā uju patāpavā;

Hitesī sabbasattānaṃ, bahuṃ mocesi bandhanā.

‘‘Nandārāmavane tassa, ahosiṃ phussakokilo;

Gandhakuṭisamāsanne, ambarukkhe vasāmahaṃ.

‘‘Tadā piṇḍāya gacchantaṃ, dakkhiṇeyyaṃ jinuttamaṃ;

Disvā cittaṃ pasādetvā, mañjunābhinikūjahaṃ.

‘‘Rājuyyānaṃ tadā gantvā, supakkaṃ kanakattacaṃ;

Ambapiṇḍaṃ gahetvāna, sambuddhassopanāmayiṃ.

‘‘Tadā me cittamaññāya, mahākāruṇiko jino;

Upaṭṭhākassa hatthato, pattaṃ paggaṇhi nāyako.

‘‘Adāsiṃ haṭṭhacittohaṃ, ambapiṇḍaṃ mahāmune;

Patte pakkhippa pakkhehi, pañjaliṃ katvāna mañjunā.

‘‘Sarena rajanīyena, savanīyena vaggunā;

Vassanto buddhapūjatthaṃ, nīḷaṃ gantvā nipajjahaṃ.

‘‘Tadā muditacittaṃ maṃ, buddhapemagatāsayaṃ;

Sakuṇagghi upāgantvā, ghātayī duṭṭhamānaso.

‘‘Tato cutohaṃ tusite, anubhotvā mahāsukhaṃ;

Manussayonimāgacchiṃ, tassa kammassa vāhasā.

‘‘Imamhi bhaddake kappe, brahmabandhu mahāyaso;

Kassapo nāma gottena, uppajji vadataṃ varo.

‘‘Sāsanaṃ jotayitvā so, abhibhuyya kutitthiye;

Vinayitvāna veneyye, nibbuto so sasāvako.

‘‘Nibbute tamhi lokagge, pasannā janatā bahū;

Pūjanatthāya buddhassa, thūpaṃ kubbanti satthuno.

‘‘Sattayojanikaṃ thūpaṃ, sattaratanabhūsitaṃ;

Karissāma mahesissa, iccevaṃ mantayanti te.

‘‘Kikino kāsirājassa, tadā senāya nāyako;

Hutvāhaṃ appamāṇassa, pamāṇaṃ cetiye vadiṃ.

‘‘Tadā te mama vākyena, cetiyaṃ yojanuggataṃ;

Akaṃsu naravīrassa, nānāratanabhūsitaṃ.

‘‘Tena kammena sukatena, cetanāpaṇidhīhi ca;

Jahitvā mānusaṃ dehaṃ, tāvatiṃsamagacchahaṃ.

‘‘Pacchime ca bhave dāni, jāto seṭṭhikule ahaṃ;

Sāvatthiyaṃ puravare, iddhe phīte mahaddhane.

‘‘Purappavese sugataṃ, disvā vimhitamānaso;

Pabbajitvāna na ciraṃ, arahattamapāpuṇiṃ.

‘‘Cetiyassa pamāṇaṃ yaṃ, akariṃ tena kammunā;

Lakuṇḍakasarīrohaṃ, jāto paribhavāraho.

‘‘Sarena madhurenāhaṃ, pūjitvā isisattamaṃ;

Mañjussarānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ, aggattamanupāpuṇiṃ.

‘‘Phaladānena buddhassa, guṇānussaraṇena ca;

Sāmaññaphalasampanno, viharāmi anāsavo.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Aparabhāge aññaṃ byākaronto –

466.

‘‘Pare ambāṭakārāme, vanasaṇḍamhi bhaddiyo;

Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyha, tattha bhaddova jhāyati.

467.

‘‘Ramanteke mudiṅgehi, vīṇāhi paṇavehi ca;

Ahañca rukkhamūlasmiṃ, rato buddhassa sāsane.

468.

‘‘Buddho ce me varaṃ dajjā, so ca labbhetha me varo;

Gaṇhehaṃ sabbalokassa, niccaṃ kāyagataṃ sati’’nti. –

Imā tisso gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha pareti seṭṭhe adhike, visiṭṭheti attho. Adhikavācī hi ayaṃ parasaddo ‘‘paraṃ viya mattāyā’’tiādīsu viya. Ambāṭakārāmeti evaṃnāmake ārāme. So kira chāyūdakasampanno vanasaṇḍamaṇḍito ramaṇīyo hoti tena ‘‘pare’’ti visesetvā vutto. ‘‘Ambāṭakavane ambāṭakehi abhilakkhitavane’’ti ca vadanti. Vanasaṇḍamhīti vanagahane, ghananicitarukkhagacchalatāsamūhe vaneti attho. Bhaddiyoti evaṃnāmako, attānameva thero aññaṃ viya vadati. Samūlaṃ taṇhamabbuyhāti taṇhāya mūlaṃ nāma avijjā. Tasmā sāvijjaṃ taṇhaṃ aggamaggena samugghāṭetvāti attho. Tattha bhaddova jhāyatīti lokuttarehi sīlādīhi bhaddo sundaro tasmiṃyeva vanasaṇḍe katakiccatāya diṭṭhadhammasukhavihāravasena aggaphalajhānena jhāyati.

Phalasukhena ca jhānasamāpattīhi ca vītināmetīti attano vivekaratiṃ dassetvā ‘‘ramanteke’’ti gāthāyapi byatirekamukhena tamevatthaṃ dasseti. Tattha mudiṅgehīti aṅgikādīhi murajehi. Vīṇāhīti nandinīādīhi vīṇāhi. Paṇavehīti turiyehi ramanti eke kāmabhogino, sā pana tesaṃ rati anariyā anatthasaṃhitā. Ahañcā ti ahaṃ pana, ekako buddhassa bhagavato sāsane rato, tato eva rukkhamūlasmiṃ rato abhirato viharāmīti attho.

Evaṃ attano vivekābhiratiṃ kittetvā idāni yaṃ kāyagatāsatikammaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvetvā arahattaṃ patto, tassa pasaṃsanatthaṃ ‘‘buddho ce me’’ti gāthamāha. Tassattho – sace buddho bhagavā ‘‘ekāhaṃ, bhante, bhagavantaṃ varaṃ yācāmī’’ti mayā yācito ‘‘atikkantavarā kho, bhikkhu, tathāgatā’’ti apaṭikkhipitvā mayhaṃ yathāyācitaṃ varaṃ dadeyya, so ca varo mamādhippāyapūrako labbhetha mayhaṃ manorathaṃ matthakaṃ pāpeyyāti thero parikappavasena vadati. ‘‘Bhante, sabbo loko sabbakālaṃ kāyagatāsatikammaṭṭhānaṃ bhāvetū’’ti ‘‘sabbalokassa niccaṃ kāyagatāsati bhāvetabbā’’ti katvā varaṃ gaṇhe ahanti dassento āha ‘‘gaṇhehaṃ sabbalokassa, niccaṃ kāyagataṃ sati’’nti. Idāni aparikkhaṇagarahāmukhena parikkhaṇaṃ pasaṃsanto –

469.

‘‘Ye maṃ rūpena pāmiṃsu, ye ca ghosena anvagū;

Chandarāgavasūpetā, na maṃ jānanti te janā.

470.

‘‘Ajjhattañca na jānāti, bahiddhā ca na passati;

Samantāvaraṇo bālo, sa ve ghosena vuyhati.

471.

‘‘Ajjhattañca na jānāti, bahiddhā ca vipassati;

Bahiddhā phaladassāvī, sopi ghosena vuyhati.

472.

‘‘Ajjhattañca pajānāti, bahiddhā ca vipassati;

Anāvaraṇadassāvī, na so ghosena vuyhatī’’ti. –

Imā catasso gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha ye maṃ rūpena pāmiṃsūti ye janā aviddasū mama rūpena apasādikena nihīnena ‘‘ākārasadisī paññā’’ti, dhammasarīrena ca maṃ nihīnaṃ pāmiṃsu, ‘‘orako aya’’nti hīḷentā paricchindanavasena maññiṃsūti attho. Ye ca ghosena anvagūti ye ca sattā ghosena mañjunā maṃ sambhāvanāvasena anugatā bahu maññiṃsu, taṃ tesaṃ micchā, na hi ahaṃ rūpamattena avamantabbo, ghosamattena vā na bahuṃ mantabbo, tasmā chandarāgavasūpetā, na maṃ jānanti te janāti te duvidhāpi janā chandarāgassa vasaṃ upetā appahīnachandarāgā sabbaso pahīnachandarāgaṃ maṃ na jānanti.

Avisayo tesaṃ mādiso ajjhattaṃ bahiddhā ca apariññātavatthutāyāti dassetuṃ ‘‘ajjhatta’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Ajjhattanti attano santāne khandhāyatanādidhammaṃ. Bahiddhāti parasantāne. Atha vā ajjhattanti, mama abbhantare asekkhasīlakkhandhādiṃ. Bahiddhāti, mameva ākappasampattiyādiyuttaṃ bahiddhā rūpadhammappavattiṃ cakkhuviññāṇādippavattiñca. Samantāvaraṇoti evaṃ ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca ajānanena samantato āvaraṇayutto āvaṭañāṇagatiko. Sa ve ghosena vuyhatīti so paraneyyabuddhiko bālo ghosena paresaṃ vacanena vuyhati niyyati ākaḍḍhīyati.

Bahiddhā ca vipassatīti yo ca vuttanayena ajjhattaṃ na jānāti, bahiddhā pana sutānusārena ākappasampattiādiupadhāraṇena vā visesato passati. ‘‘Guṇavisesayutto siyā’’ti maññati, sopi bahiddhā phaladassāvī nayaggāhena phalamattaṃ gaṇhanto vuttanayena ghosena vuyhati, sopi mādise na jānātīti attho.

Yo pana ajjhattañca khīṇāsavassa abbhantare asekkhasīlakkhandhādiguṇaṃ jānāti, bahiddhā cassa paṭipattisallakkhaṇena visesato guṇavisesayogaṃ passati. Anāvaraṇadassāvī kenaci anāvaṭo hutvā ariyānaṃ guṇe daṭṭhuṃ ñātuṃ samattho, na so ghosamattena vuyhati yāthāvato dassanatoti.

Lakuṇḍakabhaddiyattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.