12. Dvayatānupassanāsuttaṃ

Evaṃ me sutaṃ – ekaṃ samayaṃ bhagavā sāvatthiyaṃ viharati pubbārāme migāramātupāsāde. Tena kho pana samayena bhagavā tadahuposathe pannarase puṇṇāya puṇṇamāya rattiyā bhikkhusaṅghaparivuto abbhokāse nisinno hoti . Atha kho bhagavā tuṇhībhūtaṃ tuṇhībhūtaṃ bhikkhusaṅghaṃ anuviloketvā bhikkhū āmantesi –

‘‘‘Ye te, bhikkhave, kusalā dhammā ariyā niyyānikā sambodhagāmino, tesaṃ vo, bhikkhave, kusalānaṃ dhammānaṃ ariyānaṃ niyyānikānaṃ sambodhagāmīnaṃ kā upanisā savanāyā’ti iti ce, bhikkhave, pucchitāro assu, te evamassu vacanīyā – ‘yāvadeva dvayatānaṃ dhammānaṃ yathābhūtaṃ ñāṇāyā’ti. Kiñca dvayataṃ vadetha?

(1) ‘‘Idaṃ dukkhaṃ, ayaṃ dukkhasamudayoti ayamekānupassanā. Ayaṃ dukkhanirodho, ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadāti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā dvayatānupassino kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitā’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

729.

‘‘Ye dukkhaṃ nappajānanti, atho dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṃ, asesaṃ uparujjhati;

Tañca maggaṃ na jānanti, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ.

730.

‘‘Cetovimuttihīnā te, atho paññāvimuttiyā;

Abhabbā te antakiriyāya, te ve jātijarūpagā.

731.

‘‘Ye ca dukkhaṃ pajānanti, atho dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;

Yattha ca sabbaso dukkhaṃ, asesaṃ uparujjhati;

Tañca maggaṃ pajānanti, dukkhūpasamagāminaṃ.

732.

‘‘Cetovimuttisampannā, atho paññāvimuttiyā;

Bhabbā te antakiriyāya, na te jātijarūpagā’’ti.

(2) ‘‘‘Siyā aññenapi pariyāyena sammā dvayatānupassanā’ti, iti ce, bhikkhave, pucchitāro assu; ‘siyā’tissu vacanīyā. Kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ upadhipaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Upadhīnaṃ tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

733.

‘‘Upadhinidānā pabhavanti dukkhā, ye keci lokasmimanekarūpā;

Yo ve avidvā upadhiṃ karoti, punappunaṃ dukkhamupeti mando;

Tasmā pajānaṃ upadhiṃ na kayirā, dukkhassa jātippabhavānupassī’’ti.

(3) ‘‘‘Siyā aññenapi pariyāyena sammā dvayatānupassanā’ti, iti ce, bhikkhave, pucchitāro assu; ‘siyā’tissu vacanīyā. Kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ avijjāpaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Avijjāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

734.

‘‘Jātimaraṇasaṃsāraṃ , ye vajanti punappunaṃ;

Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, avijjāyeva sā gati.

735.

‘‘Avijjā hāyaṃ mahāmoho, yenidaṃ saṃsitaṃ ciraṃ;

Vijjāgatā ca ye sattā, na te gacchanti ² punabbhava’’nti.

(4) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ saṅkhārapaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Saṅkhārānaṃ tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

736.

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ saṅkhārapaccayā;

Saṅkhārānaṃ nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo.

737.

‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, dukkhaṃ saṅkhārapaccayā;

Sabbasaṅkhārasamathā, saññānaṃ uparodhanā;

Evaṃ dukkhakkhayo hoti, etaṃ ñatvā yathātathaṃ.

738.

‘‘Sammaddasā vedaguno, sammadaññāya paṇḍitā;

Abhibhuyya mārasaṃyogaṃ, na gacchanti ⁴ punabbhava’’nti.

(5) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ viññāṇapaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Viññāṇassa tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

739.

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ viññāṇapaccayā;

Viññāṇassa nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo.

740.

‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, dukkhaṃ viññāṇapaccayā;

Viññāṇūpasamā bhikkhu, nicchāto parinibbuto’’ti.

(6) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ phassapaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Phassassa tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

741.

‘‘Tesaṃ phassaparetānaṃ, bhavasotānusārinaṃ;

Kummaggapaṭipannānaṃ, ārā saṃyojanakkhayo.

742.

‘‘Ye ca phassaṃ pariññāya, aññāyupasame ⁶ ratā;

Te ve phassābhisamayā, nicchātā parinibbutā’’ti.

(7) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ vedanāpaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Vedanānaṃ tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

743.

‘‘Sukhaṃ vā yadi vā dukkhaṃ, adukkhamasukhaṃ saha;

Ajjhattañca bahiddhā ca, yaṃ kiñci atthi veditaṃ.

744.

‘‘Etaṃ dukkhanti ñatvāna, mosadhammaṃ palokinaṃ ⁸;

Phussa phussa vayaṃ passaṃ, evaṃ tattha vijānati ¹⁰;

Vedanānaṃ khayā bhikkhu, nicchāto parinibbuto’’ti.

(8) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ taṇhāpaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Taṇhāya tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

745.

‘‘Taṇhādutiyo puriso, dīghamaddhāna saṃsaraṃ;

Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, saṃsāraṃ nātivattati.

746.

‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, taṇhaṃ ¹² dukkhassa sambhavaṃ;

Vītataṇho anādāno, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.

(9) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ upādānapaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Upādānānaṃ ¹⁴ tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

747.

‘‘Upādānapaccayā bhavo, bhūto dukkhaṃ nigacchati;

Jātassa maraṇaṃ hoti, eso dukkhassa sambhavo.

748.

‘‘Tasmā upādānakkhayā, sammadaññāya paṇḍitā;

Jātikkhayaṃ abhiññāya, na gacchanti punabbhava’’nti.

(10) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ ārambhapaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Ārambhānaṃ tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

749.

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ ārambhapaccayā;

Ārambhānaṃ nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo.

750.

‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, dukkhaṃ ārambhapaccayā;

Sabbārambhaṃ paṭinissajja, anārambhe vimuttino.

751.

‘‘Ucchinnabhavataṇhassa, santacittassa bhikkhuno;

Vikkhīṇo ¹⁶ jātisaṃsāro, natthi tassa punabbhavo’’ti.

(11) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ āhārapaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Āhārānaṃ tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

752.

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ āhārapaccayā;

Āhārānaṃ nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo.

753.

‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, dukkhaṃ āhārapaccayā;

Sabbāhāraṃ pariññāya, sabbāhāramanissito.

754.

‘‘Ārogyaṃ sammadaññāya, āsavānaṃ parikkhayā;

Saṅkhāya sevī dhammaṭṭho, saṅkhyaṃ ¹⁸ nopeti vedagū’’ti.

(12) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti sabbaṃ iñjitapaccayāti, ayamekānupassanā. Iñjitānaṃ tveva asesavirāganirodhā natthi dukkhassa sambhavoti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

755.

‘‘Yaṃ kiñci dukkhaṃ sambhoti, sabbaṃ iñjitapaccayā;

Iñjitānaṃ nirodhena, natthi dukkhassa sambhavo.

756.

‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, dukkhaṃ iñjitapaccayā;

Tasmā hi ejaṃ vossajja, saṅkhāre uparundhiya;

Anejo anupādāno, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.

(13) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Nissitassa calitaṃ hotīti, ayamekānupassanā. Anissito na calatīti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

757.

‘‘Anissito na calati, nissito ca upādiyaṃ;

Itthabhāvaññathābhāvaṃ, saṃsāraṃ nātivattati.

758.

‘‘Etamādīnavaṃ ñatvā, nissayesu mahabbhayaṃ;

Anissito anupādāno, sato bhikkhu paribbaje’’ti.

(14) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Rūpehi, bhikkhave, arūpā ²⁰ santatarāti, ayamekānupassanā. Arūpehi nirodho santataroti, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

759.

‘‘Ye ca rūpūpagā sattā, ye ca arūpaṭṭhāyino ²²;

Nirodhaṃ appajānantā, āgantāro punabbhavaṃ.

760.

‘‘Ye ca rūpe pariññāya, arūpesu asaṇṭhitā ²⁴;

Nirodhe ye vimuccanti, te janā maccuhāyino’’ti.

(15) ‘‘Siyā aññenapi…pe… kathañca siyā? Yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya idaṃ saccanti upanijjhāyitaṃ tadamariyānaṃ etaṃ musāti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ, ayamekānupassanā. Yaṃ , bhikkhave, sadevakassa…pe… sadevamanussāya idaṃ musāti upanijjhāyitaṃ, tadamariyānaṃ etaṃ saccanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā…pe… athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

761.

‘‘Anattani attamāniṃ ²⁶, passa lokaṃ sadevakaṃ;

Niviṭṭhaṃ nāmarūpasmiṃ, idaṃ saccanti maññati.

762.

‘‘Yena yena hi maññanti, tato taṃ hoti aññathā;

Tañhi tassa musā hoti, mosadhammañhi ittaraṃ.

763.

‘‘Amosadhammaṃ nibbānaṃ, tadariyā saccato vidū;

Te ve saccābhisamayā, nicchātā parinibbutā’’ti.

(16) ‘‘‘Siyā aññenapi pariyāyena sammā dvayatānupassanā’ti, iti ce, bhikkhave, pucchitāro assu; ‘siyā’tissu vacanīyā. Kathañca siyā? Yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa lokassa samārakassa sabrahmakassa sassamaṇabrāhmaṇiyā pajāya sadevamanussāya idaṃ sukhanti upanijjhāyitaṃ, tadamariyānaṃ etaṃ dukkhanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ, ayamekānupassanā . Yaṃ, bhikkhave, sadevakassa…pe… sadevamanussāya idaṃ dukkhanti upanijjhāyitaṃ tadamariyānaṃ etaṃ sukhanti yathābhūtaṃ sammappaññāya sudiṭṭhaṃ, ayaṃ dutiyānupassanā. Evaṃ sammā dvayatānupassino kho, bhikkhave, bhikkhuno appamattassa ātāpino pahitattassa viharato dvinnaṃ phalānaṃ aññataraṃ phalaṃ pāṭikaṅkhaṃ – diṭṭheva dhamme aññā, sati vā upādisese anāgāmitāti. Idamavoca bhagavā. Idaṃ vatvāna sugato athāparaṃ etadavoca satthā –

764.

‘‘Rūpā saddā rasā gandhā, phassā dhammā ca kevalā;

Iṭṭhā kantā manāpā ca, yāvatatthīti vuccati.

765.

‘‘Sadevakassa lokassa, ete vo sukhasammatā;

Yattha cete nirujjhanti, taṃ nesaṃ dukkhasammataṃ.

766.

‘‘Sukhanti diṭṭhamariyehi, sakkāyassuparodhanaṃ;

Paccanīkamidaṃ hoti, sabbalokena passataṃ.

767.

‘‘Yaṃ pare sukhato āhu, tadariyā āhu dukkhato;

Yaṃ pare dukkhato āhu, tadariyā sukhato vidū.

768.

‘‘Passa dhammaṃ durājānaṃ, sampamūḷhetthaviddasu ²⁸;

Nivutānaṃ tamo hoti, andhakāro apassataṃ.

769.

‘‘Satañca vivaṭaṃ hoti, āloko passatāmiva;

Santike na vijānanti, maggā dhammassa kovidā.

770.

‘‘Bhavarāgaparetehi , bhavasotānusāribhi;

Māradheyyānupannehi, nāyaṃ dhammo susambudho.

771.

‘‘Ko nu aññatramariyehi, padaṃ sambuddhumarahati;

Yaṃ padaṃ sammadaññāya, parinibbanti anāsavā’’ti.

Idamavoca bhagavā. Attamanā te bhikkhū bhagavato bhāsitaṃ abhinandunti. Imasmiṃ ca ³⁰ pana veyyākaraṇasmiṃ bhaññamāne saṭṭhimattānaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ anupādāya āsavehi cittāni vimucciṃsūti.

Dvayatānupassanāsuttaṃ dvādasamaṃ niṭṭhitaṃ.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Saccaṃ upadhi avijjā ca, saṅkhāre viññāṇapañcamaṃ;

Phassavedaniyā taṇhā, upādānārambhaāhārā;

Iñjitaṃ calitaṃ rūpaṃ, saccaṃ dukkhena soḷasāti.

Mahāvaggo tatiyo niṭṭhito.

Tassuddānaṃ –

Pabbajjā ca padhānañca, subhāsitañca sundari;

Māghasuttaṃ sabhiyo ca, selo sallañca vuccati.

Vāseṭṭho cāpi kokāli, nālako dvayatānupassanā;

Dvādasetāni suttāni, mahāvaggoti vuccatīti.