5. Sarabhaṅgattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Sarehatthehītiādikā āyasmato sarabhaṅgattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde rājagahe aññatarassa brāhmaṇassa putto hutvā nibbatti, anabhilakkhitotissa kulavaṃsāgataṃ nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto kāme pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā saratiṇāni sayameva bhañjitvā paṇṇasālaṃ katvā vasati. Tato paṭṭhāya sarabhaṅgotissa samaññā ahosi. Atha bhagavā buddhacakkhunā lokaṃ volokento tassa arahattūpanissayaṃ disvā, tattha gantvā, dhammaṃ desesi. So paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanāya kammaṃ karonto nacirasseva arahattaṃ patvā tattheva vasati. Athassa tāpasakāle katā paṇṇasālā jiṇṇā paluggā ahosi. Taṃ disvā manussā ‘‘kissa, bhante, imaṃ kuṭikaṃ na paṭisaṅkharothā’’ti āhaṃsu. Thero ‘‘kuṭikā yathā tāpasakāle katā, idāni tathā kātuṃ na sakkā’’ti taṃ sabbaṃ pakāsento –

487.

‘‘Sare hatthehi bhañjitvā, katvāna kuṭimacchisaṃ;

Tena me sarabhaṅgoti, nāmaṃ sammutiyā ahu.

488.

‘‘Na mayhaṃ kappate ajja, sare hatthehi bhañjituṃ;

Sikkhāpadā no paññattā, gotamena yasassinā’’ti. – dve gāthā abhāsi;

Tattha sare hatthehi bhañjitvāti, pubbe tāpasakāle saratiṇāni mama hatthehi chinditvā tiṇakuṭiṃ katvā acchisaṃ vasiṃ, nisīdiñceva nipajjiñca. Tenāti kuṭikaraṇatthaṃ sarānaṃ bhañjanena. Sammutiyāti anvatthasammutiyā sarabhaṅgoti, nāmaṃ ahu ahosi.

Na mayhaṃ kappate ajjāti ajja idāni upasampannassa mayhaṃ sare saratiṇe hatthehi bhañjituṃ na kappate na vaṭṭati. Kasmā? Sikkhāpadā no paññattā, gotamena yasassināti. Tena yaṃ amhākaṃ satthārā sikkhāpadaṃ paññattaṃ, taṃ mayaṃ jīvitahetunāpi nātikkamāmāti dasseti.

Evaṃ ekena pakārena tiṇakuṭikāya apaṭisaṅkharaṇe kāraṇaṃ dassetvā idāni aparenapi pariyāyena naṃ dassento –

489.

‘‘Sakalaṃ samattaṃ rogaṃ, sarabhaṅgo nāddasaṃ pubbe;

Soyaṃ rogo diṭṭho, vacanakarenātidevassā’’ti. – imaṃ gāthamāha;

Tattha sakalanti sabbaṃ. Samattanti sampuṇṇaṃ, sabbabhāgato anavasesanti attho. Roganti dukkhadukkhatādivasena rujanaṭṭhena rogabhūtaṃ upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ sandhāya vadati. Nāddasaṃ pubbeti satthu ovādapaṭilābhato pubbe na addakkhiṃ. Soyaṃ rogo diṭṭho, vacanakarenātidevassāti sammutidevā upapattidevā visuddhidevāti sabbepi deve attano sīlādiguṇehi atikkamitvā ṭhitattā atidevassa sammāsambuddhassa ovādapaṭikarena sarabhaṅgena so ayaṃ khandhapañcakasaṅkhāto rogo vipassanāpaññāsahitāya maggapaññāya pañcakkhandhato diṭṭho, pariññātoti attho. Etena evaṃ attabhāvakuṭikāyampi anapekkho bāhiraṃ tiṇakuṭikaṃ kathaṃ paṭisaṅkharissatīti dasseti.

Idāni yaṃ maggaṃ paṭipajjantena mayā ayaṃ attabhāvarogo yāthāvato diṭṭho, svāyaṃ maggo sabbabuddhasādhāraṇo. Yena nesaṃ ovādadhammopi majjhe bhinnasuvaṇṇasadiso yatthāhaṃ patiṭṭhāya dukkhakkhayaṃ pattoti evaṃ attano arahattapaṭipattiṃ byākaronto –

490.

‘‘Yeneva maggena gato vipassī, yeneva maggena sikhī ca vessabhū;

Kakusandhakoṇāgamano ca kassapo, tenañjasena agamāsi gotamo.

491.

‘‘Vītataṇhā anādānā, satta buddhā khayogadhā;

Yehāyaṃ desito dhammo, dhammabhūtehi tādibhi.

492.

‘‘Cattāri ariyasaccāni, anukampāya pāṇinaṃ;

Dukkhaṃ samudayo maggo, nirodho dukkhasaṅkhayo.

493.

‘‘Yasmiṃ nivattate dukkhaṃ, saṃsārasmiṃ anantakaṃ;

Bhedā imassa kāyassa, jīvitassa ca saṅkhayā;

Añño punabbhavo natthi, suvimuttomhi sabbadhī’’ti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi –

Tattha yeneva maggenāti yeneva sapubbabhāgena ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena. Gatoti paṭipanno nibbānaṃ adhigato. Vipassīti vipassī sammāsambuddho. Kakusandhāti avibhattiko niddeso. ‘‘Kakusandhakoṇāgamanā’’tipi pāṭho. Tenañjasenāti teneva añjasena ariyamaggena.

Anādānāti anupādānā appaṭisandhikā vā. Khayogadhāti nibbānogadhā nibbānapatiṭṭhā. Yehāyaṃ desito dhammoti yehi sattahi sammāsambuddhehi ayaṃ sāsanadhammo desito pavedito. Dhammabhūtehīti dhammakāyatāya dhammasabhāvehi, navalokuttaradhammato vā bhūtehi jātehi, dhammaṃ vā pattehi. Tādibhīti, iṭṭhādīsu tādibhāvappattehi.

‘‘Cattāriariyasaccānī’’tiādinā tehi desitaṃ dhammaṃ dasseti. Tattha cattārīti gaṇanaparicchedo. Ariyasaccānīti paricchinnadhammadassanaṃ. Vacanatthato pana ariyāni ca avitathaṭṭhena saccāni cāti ariyasaccāni, ariyassa vā bhagavato saccāni tena desitattā, ariyabhāvakarāni vā saccānīti ariyasaccāni. Kucchitabhāvato tucchabhāvato ca dukkhaṃ, upādānakkhandhapañcakaṃ. Taṃ dukkhaṃ samudeti etasmāti samudayo, taṇhā. Kilese mārento gacchati, nibbānatthikehi maggīyatīti vā maggo, sammādiṭṭhiādayo aṭṭha dhammā. Saṃsāracārakasaṅkhāto natthi ettha rodho, etasmiṃ vā adhigate puggalassa rodhābhāvo hoti, nirujjhati dukkhametthāti vā nirodho, nibbānaṃ. Tenāha ‘‘dukkhasaṅkhayo’’ti. Ayamettha saṅkhepo, vitthāro pana visuddhimagge vuttanayeneva veditabbo.

Yasminti yasmiṃ nirodhe nibbāne adhigate. Nivattateti ariyamaggabhāvanāya sati anantakaṃ apariyantaṃ imasmiṃ saṃsāre jātiādidukkhaṃ na pavattati ucchijjati, so nirodhoti ayaṃ dhammabhūtehi sammāsambuddhehi desito dhammoti yojanā. ‘‘Bhedā’’tiādinā ‘‘rogo diṭṭho’’ti dukkhapariññāya sūcitaṃ attano arahattappattiṃ sarūpato dasseti. ‘‘Yasmiṃ nibbattate dukkha’’nti pana pāṭhe sakalagāthāya tatthāyaṃ yojanā – yasmiṃ khandhādipaṭipāṭisaññite saṃsāre idaṃ anantakaṃ jātiādidukkhaṃ nibbattaṃ, so ito dukkhappattito añño punappunaṃ bhavanabhāvato punabbhavo. Imassa jīvitindriyassa saṅkhayā kāyasaṅkhātassa khandhapañcakassa bhedā vināsā uddhaṃ natthi, tasmā sabbadhi sabbehi kilesehi sabbehi bhavehi suṭṭhu vimutto visaṃyutto amhīti.

Sarabhaṅgattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Sattakanipātavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.