6. Sappadāsattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Paṇṇavīsatītiādikā āyasmato sappadāsattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ kusalaṃ upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde kapilavatthusmiṃ suddhodanamahārājassa purohitaputto hutvā nibbatti, tassa sappadāsoti nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto satthu ñātisamāgame paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā kilesābhibhavena cetosamādhiṃ alabhanto brahmacariyaṃ caritvā saṃvegajāto pacchā satthaṃ āharanto yoniso manasikāraṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā aññaṃ byākaronto –

405.

‘‘Paṇṇavīsati vassāni, yato pabbajito ahaṃ;

Accharāsaṅghātamattampi, cetosantimanajjhagaṃ.

406.

‘‘Aladdhā cittassekaggaṃ, kāmarāgena aṭṭito;

Bāhā paggayha kandanto, vihārā upanikkhamiṃ.

407.

‘‘Satthaṃ vā āharissāmi, ko attho jīvitena me;

Kathañhi sikkhaṃ paccakkhaṃ, kālaṃ kubbetha mādiso.

408.

‘‘Tadāhaṃ khuramādāya, mañcakamhi upāvisiṃ;

Parinīto khuro āsi, dhamaniṃ chettumattano.

409.

‘‘Tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjatha;

Ādīnavo pāturahu, nibbidā samatiṭṭhatha.

410.

‘‘Tato cittaṃ vimucci me, passa dhammasudhammataṃ;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha paṇṇavīsativassāni, yato pabbajito ahanti yato paṭṭhāya ahaṃ pabbajito tānimāni paṇṇavīsativassāni. Accharāsaṅghātamattampi, cetosantimanajjhaganti sohaṃ ettakaṃ kālaṃ brahmacariyaṃ caranto accharāsaṅghātamattampi aṅguliphoṭanamattampi khaṇaṃ cetosantiṃ cetaso samādhānaṃ na labhiṃ.

Evaṃ pana aladdhā cittassekaggataṃ, tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘kāmarāgena aṭṭito’’ti. Tattha aṭṭitoti pīḷito, abhibhūtoti attho. Bāhā paggayha kandantoti ‘‘idamidha ativiya ayuttaṃ vattati, yadāhaṃ niyyānike sāsane pabbajitvā attānaṃ kilesapaṅkato uddharituṃ na sakkomī’’ti uddhaṃmukho bāhā paggayha kandamāno. Vihārā upanikkhaminti vasanakavihārato bahi nikkhanto.

Yenādhippāyena nikkhanto, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘satthaṃ vā āharissāmī’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha satthaṃ vā āharissāmīti vā-saddo vikappanattho. Tena ‘‘rukkhā vā papatissāmi, ubbandhitvā vā marissāmī’’tiādike maraṇappakāre saṅgaṇhāti. Sikkhanti adhisīlasikkhaṃ. Paccakkhanti paccācikkhanto pariccajanto. ‘‘Paccakkhā’’tipi pāḷi, paccakkhāyāti attho. Kālanti maraṇaṃ. Kathañhi nāma mādiso sikkhāpaccakkhānena kālaṃ kareyyāti attho. Sikkhāpaccakkhānañhi ariyassa vinaye maraṇaṃ nāma. Yathāha bhagavā – ‘‘maraṇañhetaṃ , bhikkhave, yo sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya hīnāyāvattatī’’ti (ma. ni. 3.63). ‘‘Sikkhaṃ paccakkhā’’ti pana pāṭhe kathañhi nāma mādiso sikkhaṃ paccakkhāya kālaṃ kareyya, sikkhāsamaṅgī eva pana hutvā kālaṃ kareyya? Tasmā satthaṃ vā āharissāmi, ko attho jīvitena meti yojanā.

Tadāhanti yadā kilesābhibhavena samaṇadhammaṃ kātuṃ asamatthatāya jīvite nibbindanto tadā. Khuranti nisitakhuraṃ, khurasadisaṃ vā satthakaṃ. Mañcakamhi upāvisinti paresaṃ nivāraṇabhayena ovarakaṃ pavisitvā mañcake nisīdiṃ. Parinītoti upanīto, gale ṭhapitoti adhippāyo. Dhamaninti ‘‘kaṇṭhe dhamaniṃ, kaṇṭhadhamaniṃ galavalaya’’ntipi vadanti. Chettunti chindituṃ.

Tato me manasīkāro, yoniso udapajjathāti ‘‘yadāhaṃ marissāmī’’ti kaṇṭhe dhamaniṃ chindituṃ khuraṃ upanesiṃ, tato paraṃ ‘‘arogaṃ nu kho me sīla’’nti paccavekkhantassa akkhaṇḍaṃ acchiddaṃ suparisuddhaṃ sīlaṃ disvā pīti uppajji, pītimanassa kāyo passambhi, passaddhakāyassa nirāmisaṃ sukhaṃ anubhavantassa cittassa samāhitatāya vipassanāvasena yoniso manasikāro uppajji. Atha vā tatoti kaṇṭhe khurassa upanayato vaṇe jāte uppannaṃ vedanaṃ vikkhambhento vipassanāya vasena yonisomanasikāro uppajji. Idāni tato paraṃ maggaphalapaccavekkhaṇañāṇaṃ uppannabhāvaṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘ādīnavo pāturahū’’tiādi vuttaṃ. Taṃ heṭṭhā vuttatthameva.

Sappadāsattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.