Numbered Discourses 4.41

5. With Rohitassa

Ways of Developing Samādhi Further

“Bhikkhus, there are these four ways of developing samādhi further. What four? There is a way of developing samādhi further that leads to pleasant meditation in the present life. There is a way of developing samādhi further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision. There is a way of developing samādhi further that leads to mindfulness and awareness. There is a way of developing samādhi further that leads to the ending of defilements.

And what is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to pleasant meditation in the present life? It’s when a bhikkhu, quite secluded from sensual pleasures, secluded from unskillful qualities, enters and remains in the first jhāna … second jhāna … third jhāna … fourth jhāna. This is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to pleasant meditation in the present life.

And what is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision? It’s when a bhikkhu focuses on the perception of light, concentrating on the perception of day: as by day, so by night; as by night, so by day. And so, with an open and unenveloped heart, they develop a mind that’s full of radiance. This is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to gaining knowledge and vision.

And what is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to mindfulness and awareness? It’s when a bhikkhu knows feelings as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away. They know perceptions as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away. They know thoughts as they arise, as they remain, and as they go away. This is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to mindfulness and awareness.

And what is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to the ending of defilements? It’s when a bhikkhu meditates watching, again and again, rise and fall in the five grasping aggregates. ‘Such is form, such is the origin of form, such is the ending of form. Such is feeling, such is the origin of feeling, such is the ending of feeling. Such is perception, such is the origin of perception, such is the ending of perception. Such are functioning patterns, such is the origin of functioning patterns, such is the ending of functioning patterns. Such is consciousness, such is the origin of consciousness, such is the ending of consciousness.’ This is the way of developing samādhi further that leads to the ending of defilements.

These are the four ways of developing samādhi further. And it was in this connection that I said in ‘The Way to the Far Shore’, in ‘The Questions of Puṇṇaka’:

‘Having assessed the world high and low, there is nothing in the world that disturbs them. Peaceful, unclouded, untroubled, with no need for hope, they’ve crossed over rebirth and old age, I declare.’”