4. Kullattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Kullo sivathikantiādikā āyasmato kullattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ kuṭumbiyakule nibbattitvā kulloti laddhanāmo viññutaṃ patto satthu santike dhammaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbaji. So ca rāgacaritattā tibbarāgajātiko hoti. Tenassa abhikkhaṇaṃ kilesā cittaṃ pariyādāya tiṭṭhanti. Athassa satthā cittācāraṃ ñatvā asubhakammaṭṭhānaṃ datvā, ‘‘kulla, tayā abhiṇhaṃ susāne cārikā caritabbā’’ti āha. So susānaṃ pavisitvā uddhumātakādīni tāni tāni asubhāni disvā taṃ muhuttaṃ asubhamanasikāraṃ uppādetvā susānato nikkhantamattova kāmarāgena abhibhuyyati. Puna bhagavā tassa taṃ pavattiṃ ñatvā ekadivasaṃ tassa susānaṭṭhānaṃ gatakāle ekaṃ taruṇitthirūpaṃ adhunā mataṃ avinaṭṭhacchaviṃ nimminitvā dasseti. Tassa taṃ diṭṭhamattassa jīvamānavisabhāgavatthusmiṃ viya sahasā rāgo uppajjati. Atha naṃ satthā tassa pekkhantasseva navahi vaṇamukhehi paggharamānāsuciṃ kimikulākulaṃ ativiya bībhacchaṃ duggandhaṃ jegucchaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ katvā dassesi. So taṃ pekkhanto virattacitto hutvā aṭṭhāsi. Athassa bhagavā obhāsaṃ pharitvā satiṃ janento –

‘‘Āturaṃ asuciṃ pūtiṃ, passa kulla samussayaṃ;

Uggharantaṃ paggharantaṃ, bālānaṃ abhinandita’’nti. –

Āha . Taṃ sutvā thero sammadeva sarīrasabhāvaṃ upadhārento asubhasaññaṃ paṭilabhitvā tattha paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ nibbattetvā taṃ pādakaṃ katvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇitvā attano paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā –

393.

‘‘Kullo sivathikaṃ gantvā, addasa itthimujjhitaṃ;

Apaviddhaṃ susānasmiṃ, khajjantiṃ kimihī phuṭaṃ.

394.

‘‘Āturaṃ…pe… bālānaṃ abhinanditaṃ.

395.

‘‘Dhammādāsaṃ gahetvāna, ñāṇadassanapattiyā;

Paccavekkhiṃ imaṃ kāyaṃ, tucchaṃ santarabāhiraṃ.

396.

‘‘Yathā idaṃ tathā etaṃ, yathā etaṃ tathā idaṃ;

Yathā adho tathā uddhaṃ, yathā uddhaṃ tathā adho.

397.

‘‘Yathā divā tathā rattiṃ, yathā rattiṃ tathā divā;

Yathā pure tathā pacchā, yathā pacchā tathā pure.

398.

‘‘Pañcaṅgikena turiyena, na ratī hoti tādisī;

Yathā ekaggacittassa, sammā dhammaṃ vipassato’’ti. –

Udānavasena imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha kulloti attānameva thero paraṃ viya katvā vadati.

Āturanti nānappakārehi dukkhehi abhiṇhaṃ paṭipīḷitaṃ. Asucinti sucirahitaṃ jegucchaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ. Pūtinti duggandhaṃ. Passāti sabhāvato olokehi. Kullāti ovādakāle bhagavā theraṃ ālapati. Udānakāle pana thero sayameva attānaṃ vadati. Samussayanti sarīraṃ. Uggharantanti uddhaṃ vaṇamukhehi asuciṃ savantaṃ. Paggharantanti adho vaṇamukhehi samantato ca asuciṃ savantaṃ. Bālānaṃ abhinanditanti bālehi andhaputhujjanehi diṭṭhitaṇhābhinandanāhi ‘‘ahaṃ mama’’nti abhinivissa nanditaṃ.

Dhammādāsanti dhammamayaṃ ādāsaṃ. Yathā hi sattā adāsena attano mukhe kāye vā guṇadose passanti, evaṃ yogāvacaro yena attabhāve saṃkilesavodānadhamme yāthāvato passati, taṃ vipassanāñāṇaṃ idha ‘‘dhammādāsa’’nti vuttaṃ. Taṃ ñāṇadassanassa maggañāṇasaṅkhātassa dhammacakkhussa adhigamāya attano santāne uppādetvā. Paccavekkhiṃ imaṃ kāyanti imaṃ karajakāyaṃ niccasārādivirahato tucchaṃ attaparasantānānaṃ vibhāgato santarabāhiraṃ ñāṇacakkhunā patiavekkhiṃ passiṃ.

Yathā pana paccavekkhiṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘yathā ida’’ntiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha yathā idaṃ tathā etanti yathā idaṃ mayhaṃ sarīrasaṅkhātaṃ asubhaṃ āyuusmāviññāṇānaṃ anapagamā nānāvidhaṃ māyopamaṃ kiriyaṃ dasseti, tathāva etaṃ matasarīraṃ pubbe tesaṃ dhammānaṃ anapagamā ahosi. Yathā etaṃ etarahi matasarīraṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ apagamā na kiñci kiriyaṃ dasseti, tathā idaṃ mama sarīrampi tesaṃ dhammānaṃ apagamā nassatevāti. Yathā ca idaṃ mama sarīraṃ etarahi susāne na mataṃ na sayitaṃ, na uddhumātakādibhāvaṃ upagataṃ, tathā etaṃ etarahi matasarīrampi pubbe ahosi. Yathā panetaṃ etarahi matasarīraṃ susāne sayitaṃ uddhumātakādibhāvaṃ upagataṃ, tathā idaṃ mama sarīrampi bhavissati. Atha vā yathā idaṃ mama sarīraṃ asuci duggandhaṃ jegucchaṃ paṭikkūlaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhaṃ anattā, tathā etaṃ matasarīrampi. Yathā vā etaṃ matasarīraṃ asuciādisabhāvañceva aniccādisabhāvañca, tathā idaṃ mama sarīrampi. Yathā adho tathā uddhanti yathā nābhito adho heṭṭhā ayaṃ kāyo asuci duggandho jeguccho paṭikkūlo anicco dukkho anattā ca, tathā uddhaṃ nābhito upari asuciādisabhāvo ca. Yathā uddhaṃ tathā adhoti yathā ca nābhito, uddhaṃ asuciādisabhāvo, tathā adho nābhito heṭṭhāpi.

Yathādivā tathā rattinti yathā ayaṃ kāyo divā ‘‘akkhimhā akkhigūthako’’tiādinā (su. ni. 199) asuci paggharati, tathā rattimpi. Yathā rattiṃ tathā divāti yathā ca rattiṃ ayaṃ kāyo asuci paggharati, tathā divāpi, nayimassa kālavibhāgena aññathābhāvoti attho. Yathā pure tathā pacchāti yathā ayaṃ kāyo pure pubbe taruṇakāle asuci duggandho jeguccho paṭikkūlo, tathā ca pacchā jiṇṇakāle. Yathā ca pacchā jiṇṇakāle asuciādisabhāvo, tathā pure taruṇakālepi . Yathā vā pure atītakāle saviññāṇakāle asuciādisabhāvo ca aniccādisabhāvo ca, tathā pacchā anāgatakāle aviññāṇakāleti evampettha attho veditabbo.

Pañcaṅgikena turiyenāti ‘‘ātataṃ vitataṃ ātatavitataṃ ghanaṃ susīra’’nti evaṃ pañcaṅgikena pañcahi aṅgehi samannāgatena turiyena paricariyamānassa kāmasukhasamaṅgino issarajanassa tādisī tathārūpā rati sukhassādo na hoti. Yathā ekaggacittassa, sammā dhammaṃ vipassatoti samathavipassanaṃ yuganaddhaṃ katvā indriyānaṃ ekarasabhāvena vīthipaṭipannāya vipassanāya khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ passantassa yogāvacarassa yādisā dhammarati, tassā kalampi kāmarati na upetīti. Vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘Yato yato sammasati, khandhānaṃ udayabbayaṃ;

Labhatī pītipāmojjaṃ, amataṃ taṃ vijānata’’nti. (dha. pa. 374);

Imā eva ca therassa aññābyākaraṇagāthāpi ahesuṃ.

Kullattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.