2. Dhutaṅgapañho

‘‘Passatāraññake bhikkhū, ajjhogāḷhe dhute guṇe;

Puna passati gihī rājā, anāgāmiphale ṭhite.

‘‘Ubhopi te viloketvā, uppajji saṃsayo mahā;

Bujjheyya ce gihī dhamme, dhutaṅgaṃ nipphalaṃ siyā.

‘‘Paravādivādamathanaṃ, nipuṇaṃ piṭakattaye;

Handa pucche kathiseṭṭhaṃ, so me kaṅkhaṃ vinessatī’’ti.

Atha kho milindo rājā yenāyasmā nāgaseno tenupasaṅkami, upasaṅkamitvā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ abhivādetvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, ekamantaṃ nisinno kho milindo rājā āyasmantaṃ nāgasenaṃ etadavoca ‘‘bhante nāgasena, atthi koci gihī agāriko kāmabhogī puttadārasambādhasayanaṃ ajjhāvasanto kāsikacandanaṃ paccanubhonto mālāgandhavilepanaṃ dhārayanto jātarūparajataṃ sādiyanto maṇimuttākañcanavicittamoḷibaddho yena santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikata’’nti?

‘‘Na, mahārāja, ekaññeva sataṃ na dve satāni na tīṇi cattāri pañca satāni na sahassaṃ na satasahassaṃ na koṭisataṃ na koṭisahassaṃ na koṭisatasahassaṃ, tiṭṭhatu mahārāja dasannaṃ vīsatiyā satassa sahassassa abhisamayo, katamena te pariyāyena anuyogaṃ dammī’’ti.

‘‘Tvamevetaṃ brūhī’’ti. ‘‘Tenahi te, mahārāja, kathayissāmi satena vā sahassena vā satasahassena vā koṭiyā vā koṭisatena vā koṭisahassena vā koṭisatasahassena vā, yā kāci navaṅge buddhavacane sallekhitācārappaṭipattidhutavaraṅgaguṇanissitā ² thā, tā sabbā idha samosarissanti. Yathā, mahārāja, ninnunnatasamavisamathalāthaladesabhāge abhivuṭṭhaṃ udakaṃ, sabbaṃ taṃ tato vinigaḷitvā mahodadhiṃ sāgaraṃ samosarati, evameva kho, mahārāja, sampādake sati yā kāci navaṅge buddhavacane sallekhitācārappaṭipattidhutaṅgaguṇadharanissitā kathā, tā sabbā idha samosarissanti.

‘‘Mayhampettha , mahārāja, paribyattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇaparidīpanaṃ samosarissati, teneso attho suvibhatto vicitto paripuṇṇo parisuddho samānīto bhavissati. Yathā, mahārāja, kusalo lekhācariyo anusiṭṭho lekhaṃ osārento attano byattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇaparidīpanena lekhaṃ paripūreti, evaṃ sā lekhā samattā paripuṇṇā anūnikā bhavissati. Evameva mayhampettha paribyattatāya buddhiyā kāraṇaparidīpanaṃ samosarissati, teneso attho suvibhatto vicitto paripuṇṇo parisuddho samānīto bhavissati.

‘‘Nagare, mahārāja, sāvatthiyā pañcakoṭimattā ariyasāvakā bhagavato upāsakaupāsikāyo sattapaṇṇāsasahassāni tīṇi ca satasahassāni anāgāmiphale patiṭṭhitā, te sabbepi gihī yeva, na pabbajitā. Puna tattheva kaṇḍambamūle yamakapāṭihāriye vīsati pāṇakoṭiyo abhisamiṃsu, puna cūḷarāhulovāde ⁴, mahāmaṅgalasuttante, samacittapariyāye, parābhavasuttante, purābhedasuttante, kalahavivādasuttante, cūḷabyūhasuttante, mahābyūhasuttante, tuvaṭakasuttante, sāriputtasuttante gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ devatānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi.

‘‘Nagare rājagahe paññāsasahassāni tīṇi ca satasahassāni ariyasāvakā bhagavato upāsakaupāsikāyo, puna tattheva dhanapālahatthināgadamane navuti pāṇakoṭiyo, pārāyanasamāgame pāsāṇakacetiye cuddasa pāṇakoṭiyo, puna indasālaguhāyaṃ asīti devatākoṭiyo, puna bārāṇasiyaṃ isipatane migadāye paṭhame dhammadesane aṭṭhārasa brahmakoṭiyo aparimāṇā ca devatāyo, puna tāvatiṃsabhavane paṇḍukambalasilāyaṃ abhidhammadesanāya asīti devatākoṭiyo, devorohaṇe saṅkassanagaradvāre lokavivaraṇapāṭihāriye pasannānaṃ naramarūnaṃ tiṃsa koṭiyo abhisamiṃsu.

Puna sakkesu kapilavatthusmiṃ nigrodhārāme buddhavaṃsadesanāya mahāsamayasuttantadesanāya ca gaṇanapathamatītānaṃ devatānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi . Puna sumanamālākārasamāgame, garahadinnasamāgame, ānandaseṭṭhisamāgame, jambukājīvakasamāgame, maṇḍukadevaputtasamāgame, maṭṭhakuṇḍalidevaputtasamāgame, sulasānagarasobhinisamāgame, sirimānagarasobhinisamāgame, pesakāradhītusamāgame, cūḷasubhaddāsamāgame, sāketabrāhmaṇassa āḷāhanadassanasamāgame, sūnāparantakasamāgame, sakkapañhasamāgame, tirokuṭṭasamāgame ⁶, ratanasuttasamāgame paccekaṃ caturāsītiyā pāṇasahassānaṃ dhammābhisamayo ahosi, yāvatā, mahārāja, bhagavā loke aṭṭhāsi, tāva tīsu maṇḍalesu soḷasasu mahājanapadesu yattha yattha bhagavā vihāsi, tattha tattha yebhuyyena dve tayo cattāro pañca sataṃ sahassaṃ satasahassaṃ devā ca manussā ca santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikariṃsu. Ye te, mahārāja, devā gihī yeva, na te pabbajitā, etāni ceva, mahārāja, aññāni ca anekāni devatākoṭisatasahassāni gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikariṃsū’’ti.

‘‘Yadi, bhante nāgasena, gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, atha imāni dhutaṅgāni kimatthaṃ sādhenti, tena kāraṇena dhutaṅgāni akiccakarāni honti. Yadi, bhante nāgasena, vinā mantosadhehi byādhayo vūpasamanti, kiṃ vamanavirecanādinā sarīradubbalakaraṇena? Yadi muṭṭhīhi paṭisattuniggaho bhavati, kiṃ asisattisaradhanukodaṇḍalaguḷamuggarehi? Yadi gaṇṭhikuṭilasusirakaṇṭalatāsākhā ālambitvā rukkhamabhirūhanaṃ bhavati, kiṃ dīghadaḷhanisseṇipariyesanena? Yadi thaṇḍilaseyyāya dhātusamatā bhavati, kiṃ sukhasamphassamahatimahāsirisayanapariyesanena? Yadi ekako sāsaṅkasappaṭibhayavisamakantārataraṇasamattho bhavati, kiṃ sannaddhasajjamahatimahāsatthapariyesanena? Yadi nadisaraṃ bāhunā tarituṃ samattho bhavati, kiṃ dhuvasetunāvāpariyesanena? Yadi sakasantakena ghāsacchādanaṃ kātuṃ pahoti, kiṃ parūpasevanapiyasamullāpapacchāpuredhāvanena? Yadi akhātataḷāke udakaṃ labhati, kiṃ udapānataḷākapokkharaṇikhaṇanena? Evameva kho, bhante nāgasena, yadi gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, kiṃ dhutaguṇavarasamādiyanenā’’ti?

‘‘Aṭṭhavīsati kho panime, mahārāja, dhutaṅgaguṇā yathābhuccaguṇā, yehi guṇehi dhutaṅgāni sabbabuddhānaṃ pihayitāni patthitāni. Katame aṭṭhavīsati? Idha, mahārāja, dhutaṅgaṃ suddhājīvaṃ sukhaphalaṃ anavajjaṃ na paradukkhāpanaṃ abhayaṃ asampīḷanaṃ ekantavaḍḍhikaṃ aparihāniyaṃ amāyaṃ ārakkhā patthitadadaṃ sabbasattadamanaṃ saṃvarahitaṃ patirūpaṃ anissitaṃ vippamuttaṃ rāgakkhayaṃ dosakkhayaṃ mohakkhayaṃ mānappahānaṃ kuvitakkacchedanaṃ kaṅkhāvitaraṇaṃ kosajjaviddhaṃsanaṃ aratippahānaṃ khamanaṃ atulaṃ appamāṇaṃ sabbadukkhakkhayagamanaṃ, ime kho, mahārāja, aṭṭhavīsati dhutaṅgaguṇā yathābhuccaguṇā yehi guṇehi dhutaṅgāni sabbabuddhānaṃ pihayitāni patthitāni.

‘‘Ye kho te, mahārāja, dhutaguṇe sammā upasevanti, te aṭṭhārasahi guṇehi samupetā bhavanti. Katamehi aṭṭhārasahi? Ācāro tesaṃ suvisuddho hoti, paṭipadā supūritā hoti, kāyikaṃ vācasikaṃ surakkhitaṃ hoti, manosamācāro suvisuddho hoti, vīriyaṃ supaggahitaṃ hoti, bhayaṃ vūpasammati, attānudiṭṭhibyapagatā hoti, āghāto uparato hoti, mettā upaṭṭhitā hoti, āhāro pariññāto hoti, sabbasattānaṃ garukato hoti, bhojane mattaññū hoti, jāgariyamanuyutto hoti, aniketo hoti, yattha phāsu tattha vihārī hoti, pāpajegucchī hoti, vivekārāmo hoti, satataṃ appamatto hoti, ye te, mahārāja, dhutaguṇe sammā upasevanti, te imehi aṭṭhārasahi guṇehi samupetā bhavanti.

‘‘Dasa ime, mahārāja, puggalā dhutaguṇārahā. Katame dasa? Saddho hoti hirimā dhitimā akuho atthavasī alolo sikkhākāmo daḷhasamādāno anujjhānabahulo mettāvihārī, ime kho, mahārāja, dasa puggalā dhutaguṇārahā.

‘‘Ye te, mahārāja, gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, sabbe te purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattha cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihī yeva santā santaṃ paramattaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti.

‘‘Yathā , mahārāja, kusalo issāso antevāsike paṭhamaṃ tāva upāsanasālāyaṃ cāpabhedacāpāropanaggahaṇamuṭṭhippaṭipīḷanaaṅgulivināmanapādaṭhapanasaraggahaṇasannahanaākaḍḍhana saddhāraṇalakkhaniyamanakhipane tiṇapurisakachakaṇa ⁸ tiṇapalālamattikāpuñjaphalakalakkhavedhe anusikkhāpetvā rañño santike upāsanaṃ ārādhayitvā ājaññarathagajaturaṅgadhanadhaññahiraññasuvaṇṇadāsidāsabhariyagāmavaraṃ labhati , evameva kho, mahārāja, ye te gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, te sabbe purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattheva cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihī yeva santā santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti. Na, mahārāja, dhutaguṇesu pubbāsevanaṃ vinā ekissā yeva jātiyā arahattaṃ sacchikiriyā hoti, uttamena pana vīriyena uttamāya paṭipattiyā tathārūpena ācariyena kalyāṇamittena arahattaṃ sacchikiriyā hoti.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, bhisakko sallakatto ācariyaṃ dhanena vā vattappaṭipattiyā vā ārādhetvā sattaggahaṇachedanalekhanavedhanasalluddharaṇavaṇadhovanasosanabhesajjānulimpanavamana virecanānuvāsanakiriyamanusikkhitvā vijjāsu katasikkho katūpāsano katahattho āture upasaṅkamati tikicchāya, evameva kho, mahārāja, ye te gihī agārikā kāmabhogino santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, te sabbe purimāsu jātīsu terasasu dhutaguṇesu katūpāsanā katabhūmikammā, te tattheva cārañca paṭipattiñca sodhayitvā ajjetarahi gihī yeva santā santaṃ paramatthaṃ nibbānaṃ sacchikaronti, na, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammābhisamayo hoti.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, udakassa asecanena bījānaṃ avirūhanaṃ hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammābhisamayo na hoti.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, akatakusalānaṃ akatakalyāṇānaṃ sugatigamanaṃ na hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇehi avisuddhānaṃ dhammābhisamayo na hoti.

‘‘Pathavisamaṃ , mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ patiṭṭhānaṭṭhena. Āposamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesamaladhovanaṭṭhena. Tejosamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesavanajjhāpanaṭṭhena . Vāyosamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesamalarajopavāhanaṭṭhena. Agadasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesabyādhivūpasamanaṭṭhena. Amatasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesavisanāsanaṭṭhena. Khettasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbasāmaññaguṇasassavirūhanaṭṭhena. Manoharasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ patthiticchitasabbasampattivaradadaṭṭhena. Nāvāsamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ saṃsāramahaṇṇavapāragamanaṭṭhena. Bhīruttāṇasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ jarāmaraṇabhītānaṃ assāsakaraṇaṭṭhena. Mātusamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesadukkhappaṭipīḷitānaṃ anuggāhakaṭṭhena. Pitusamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kusalavaḍḍhikāmānaṃ sabbasāmaññaguṇajanakaṭṭhena. Mittasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbasāmaññaguṇapariyesanaavisaṃvādakaṭṭhena. Padumasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbakilesamalehi anupalittaṭṭhena. Catujjātiyavaragandhasamaṃ , mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesaduggandhapaṭivinodanaṭṭhena. Girirājavarasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ aṭṭhalokadhammavātehi akampiyaṭṭhena. Ākāsasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbattha gahaṇāpagatauruvisaṭavitthatamahantaṭṭhena. Nadīsamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesamalapavāhanaṭṭhena. Sudesakasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ jātikantārakilesavanagahananittharaṇaṭṭhena. Mahāsatthavāhasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ sabbabhayasuññakhemaabhayavarapavaranibbānanagarasampāpanaṭṭhena . Sumajjitavimalādāsasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ saṅkhārānaṃ sabhāvadassanaṭṭhena. Phalakasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesalaguḷasarasattipaṭibāhanaṭṭhena. Chattasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ kilesavassatividhaggisantāpātapapaṭibāhanaṭṭhena. Candasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ pihayitapatthitaṭṭhena. Sūriyasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ mohatamatimiranāsanaṭṭhena. Sāgarasamaṃ, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ anekavidhasāmaññaguṇavararatanuṭṭhānaṭṭhena, aparimitaasaṅkhyeyyaappameyyaṭṭhena ca. Evaṃ kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ visuddhikāmānaṃ bahūpakāraṃ sabbadarathapariḷāhanudaṃ aratinudaṃ bhayanudaṃ bhavanudaṃ khīlanudaṃ malanudaṃ sokanudaṃ dukkhanudaṃ rāganudaṃ dosanudaṃ mohanudaṃ mānanudaṃ diṭṭhinudaṃ sabbākusaladhammanudaṃ yasāvahaṃ hitāvahaṃ sukhāvahaṃ phāsukaraṃ pītikaraṃ yogakkhemakaraṃ anavajjaṃ iṭṭhasukhavipākaṃ guṇarāsiguṇapuñjaṃ aparimitaasaṅkhyeyya appameyyaguṇaṃ varaṃ pavaraṃ aggaṃ.

‘‘Yathā , mahārāja, manussā upatthambhavasena bhojanaṃ upasevanti, hitavasena bhesajjaṃ upasevanti, upakāravasena mittaṃ upasevanti, tāraṇavasena nāvaṃ upasevanti, sugandhavasena mālāgandhaṃ upasevanti, abhayavasena bhīruttāṇaṃ upasevanti, patiṭṭhāvasena ¹⁰ pathaviṃ upasevanti, sippavasena ācariyaṃ upasevanti, yasavasena rājānaṃ upasevanti, kāmadadavasena maṇiratanaṃ upasevanti, evameva kho, mahārāja, sabbasāmaññaguṇadadavasena ariyā dhutaguṇaṃ upasevanti.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, udakaṃ bījavirūhanāya, aggi jhāpanāya, āhāro balāharaṇāya, latā bandhanāya, satthaṃ chedanāya, pānīyaṃ pipāsāvinayanāya, nidhi assāsakaraṇāya, nāvā tīrasampāpanāya, bhesajjaṃ byādhivūpasamanāya, yānaṃ sukhagamanāya, bhīruttāṇaṃ bhayavinodanāya, rājā ārakkhatthāya, phalakaṃ daṇḍaleḍḍulaguḷasarasattipaṭibāhanāya, ācariyo anusāsanāya, mātā posanāya, ādāso olokanāya, alaṅkāro sobhanāya, vatthaṃ paṭicchādanāya, nisseṇī ārohanāya, tulā visamavikkhepanāya ¹³, mantaṃ parijappanāya, āvudhaṃ tajjanīyapaṭibāhanāya , padīpo andhakāravidhamanāya, vāto pariḷāhanibbāpanāya, sippaṃ vuttinipphādanāya, agadaṃ jīvitarakkhaṇāya, ākaro ratanuppādanāya, ratanaṃ alaṅkarāya, āṇā anatikkamanāya, issariyaṃ vasavattanāya, evameva kho, mahārāja, dhutaguṇaṃ sāmaññabījavirūhanāya, kilesamalajhāpanāya, iddhibalāharaṇāya, satisaṃvaranibandhanāya, vimativicikicchāsamucchedanāya, taṇhāpipāsāvinayanāya, abhisamayaassāsakaraṇāya, caturoghanittharaṇāya, kilesabyādhivūpasamāya, nibbānasukhappaṭilābhāya, jātijarābyādhimaraṇasokaparidevadukkhadomanassupāyāsabhayavinodanāya, sāmaññaguṇaparirakkhaṇāya, aratikuvitakkapaṭibāhanāya, sakalasāmaññatthānusāsanāya, sabbasāmaññaguṇaposanāya, samathavipassanāmaggaphalanibbānadassanāya, sakalalokathutathomitamahatimahāsobhanakaraṇāya, sabbāpāyapidahanāya, sāmaññatthaselasikharamuddhani abhirūhanāya, vaṅkakuṭilavisamacittavikkhepanāya ¹⁴, sevitabbāsevitabbadhamme sādhusajjhāyakaraṇāya, sabbakilesapaṭisattutajjanāya , avijjandhakāravidhamanāya, tividhaggisantāpapariḷāhanibbāpanāya, saṇhasukhumasantasamāpattinipphādanāya, sakalasāmaññaguṇaparirakkhaṇāya, bojjhaṅgavararatanuppādanāya, yogijanālaṅkaraṇāya, anavajjanipuṇasukhumasantisukhamanatikkamanāya , sakalasāmaññaariyadhammavasavattanāya. Iti, mahārāja, imesaṃ guṇānaṃ adhigamāya yadidaṃ ekamekaṃ dhutaguṇaṃ, evaṃ, mahārāja, atuliyaṃ dhutaguṇaṃ appameyyaṃ asamaṃ appaṭisamaṃ appaṭibhāgaṃ appaṭiseṭṭhaṃ uttaraṃ seṭṭhaṃ visiṭṭhaṃ adhikaṃ āyataṃ puthulaṃ visaṭaṃ vitthataṃ garukaṃ bhāriyaṃ mahantaṃ.

‘‘Yo kho, mahārāja, puggalo pāpiccho icchāpakato kuhako luddho odariko lābhakāmo yasakāmo kittikāmo ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo dhutaṅgaṃ ¹⁸ samādiyati, so diguṇaṃ daṇḍamāpajjati, sabbaguṇaghātamāpajjati, diṭṭhadhammikaṃ hīḷanaṃ khīḷanaṃ garahanaṃ uppaṇḍanaṃ khipanaṃ asambhogaṃ nissāraṇaṃ nicchubhanaṃ pavāhanaṃ pabbājanaṃ paṭilabhati, samparāyepi satayojanike avīcimahāniraye uṇhakaṭhitatattasantattaaccijālāmālake anekavassakoṭisatasahassāni uddhamadho tiriyaṃ pheṇuddehakaṃ samparivattakaṃ paccati, tato muccitvā ¹⁹ kisapharusakāḷaṅgapaccaṅgo sūnuddhumātasusiruttamaṅgo ²⁰ chāto pipāsito visamabhīmarūpavaṇṇo bhaggakaṇṇasoto ummīlitanimīlitanettanayano arugattapakkagatto puḷavākiṇṇasabbakāyo vātamukhe jalamāno viya aggikkhandho anto jalamāno pajjalamāno atāṇo asaraṇo āruṇṇaruṇṇakāruññaravaṃ paridevamāno nijjhāmataṇhiko samaṇamahāpeto hutvā āhiṇḍamāno mahiyā aṭṭassaraṃ karoti.

‘‘Yathā , mahārāja, koci ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo hīno kujātiko khattiyābhisekena abhisiñcati, so labhati hatthacchedaṃ pādacchedaṃ hatthapādacchedaṃ kaṇṇacchedaṃ nāsacchedaṃ kaṇṇanāsacchedaṃ bilaṅgathālikaṃ saṅkhamuṇḍikaṃ rāhumukhaṃ jotimālikaṃ hatthapajjotikaṃ erakavattikaṃ cīrakavāsikaṃ eṇeyyakaṃ baḷisamaṃsikaṃ kahāpaṇakaṃ khārāpatacchikaṃ palighaparivattikaṃ palālapīṭhakaṃ tattena telena osiñcanaṃ sunakhehi khādāpanaṃ jīvasūlāropanaṃ asinā sīsacchedaṃ anekavihitampi kammakāraṇaṃ anubhavati. Kiṃ kāraṇā? Ayutto appatto ananucchaviko anaraho appatirūpo hīno kujātiko mahante issariye ṭhāne attānaṃ ṭhapesi, velaṃ ghātesi, evameva kho, mahārāja, yo koci puggalo pāpiccho…pe… mahiyā aṭṭassaraṃ karoti.

‘‘Yo pana, mahārāja, puggalo yutto patto anucchaviko araho patirūpo appiccho santuṭṭho pavivitto asaṃsaṭṭho āraddhavīriyo pahitatto asaṭho amāyo anodariko alābhakāmo ayasakāmo akittikāmo saddho saddhāpabbajito jarāmaraṇā muccitukāmo ‘sāsanaṃ paggaṇhissāmī’ti dhutaṅgaṃ samādiyati, so diguṇaṃ pūjaṃ arahati devānañca piyo hoti manāpo pihayito patthito, jātisumanamallikādīnaṃ viya pupphaṃ nahātānulittassa, jighacchitassa viya paṇītabhojanaṃ, pipāsitassa viya sītalavimalasurabhipānīyaṃ, visagatassa viya osadhavaraṃ, sīghagamanakāmassa viya ājaññarathavaruttamaṃ, atthakāmassa viya manoharamaṇiratanaṃ, abhisiñcitukāmassa viya paṇḍaravimalasetacchattaṃ, dhammakāmassa viya arahattaphalādhigamamanuttaraṃ. Tassa cattāro satipaṭṭhānā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchanti, cattāro sammappadhānā cattāro iddhipādā pañcindriyāni pañca balāni satta bojjhaṅgā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchati, samathavipassanā adhigacchati, adhigamappaṭipatti pariṇamati, cattāri sāmaññaphalāni catasso paṭisambhidā tisso vijjā chaḷabhiññā kevalo ca samaṇadhammo sabbe tassādheyyā honti, vimuttipaṇḍaravimalasetacchattena abhisiñcati.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, rañño khattiyassa abhijātakulakulīnassa khattiyābhisekena abhisittassa paricaranti saraṭṭhanegamajānapadabhaṭabalā ²² aṭṭhattiṃsā ca rājaparisā naṭanaccakā mukhamaṅgalikā sotthivācakā samaṇabrāhmaṇasabbapāsaṇḍagaṇā abhigacchanti, yaṃ kiñci pathaviyā paṭṭanaratanākaranagarasuṅkaṭṭhānaverajjakachejjabhejjajanamanusāsanaṃ sabbattha sāmiko bhavati, evameva kho , mahārāja, yo koci puggalo yutto patto…pe… vimuttipaṇḍaravimalasetacchattena abhisiñcati.

‘‘Terasimāni , mahārāja, dhutaṅgāni, yehi suddhikato nibbānamahāsamuddaṃ pavisitvā bahuvidhaṃ dhammakīḷamabhikīḷati, rūpārūpaaṭṭhasamāpattiyo vaḷañjeti, iddhividhaṃ dibbasotadhātuṃ paracittavijānanaṃ pubbenivāsānussatiṃ dibbacakkhuṃ sabbāsavakkhayañca pāpuṇāti. Katame terasa? Paṃsukūlikaṅgaṃ tecīvarikaṅgaṃ piṇḍapātikaṅgaṃ sapadānacārikaṅgaṃ ekāsanikaṅgaṃ pattapiṇḍikaṅgaṃ khalupacchābhattikaṅgaṃ āraññikaṅgaṃ rukkhamūlikaṅgaṃ abbhokāsikaṅgaṃ sosānikaṅgaṃ yathāsanthatikaṅgaṃ nesajjikaṅgaṃ, imehi kho, mahārāja, terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi kevalaṃ sāmaññaṃ paṭilabhati, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, sadhano nāviko paṭṭane suṭṭhu katasuṅko mahāsamuddaṃ pavisitvā vaṅgaṃ takkolaṃ cīnaṃ sovīraṃ suraṭṭhaṃ alasandaṃ kolapaṭṭanaṃ suvaṇṇabhūmiṃ gacchati aññampi yaṃ kiñci nāvāsañcaraṇaṃ, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi kevalaṃ sāmaññaṃ paṭilabhati, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, kassako paṭhamaṃ khettadosaṃ tiṇakaṭṭhapāsāṇaṃ apanetvā kasitvā vapitvā sammā udakaṃ pavesetvā rakkhitvā gopetvā lavanamaddanena bahudhaññako hoti, tassādheyyā bhavanti ye keci adhanā kapaṇā daliddā duggatajanā, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi…pe… kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā vā pana, mahārāja, khattiyo muddhāvasitto abhijātakulīno chejjabhejjajanamanusāsane issaro hoti vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, kevalā ca mahāpathavī tassādheyyā hoti, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi jinasāsanavare issaro hoti vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, kevalā ca samaṇaguṇā tassādheyyā honti.

‘‘Nanu , mahārāja, thero upaseno vaṅgantaputto sallekhadhutaguṇe paripūrakāritāya anādiyitvā sāvatthiyā saṅghassa katikaṃ sapariso naradammasārathiṃ paṭisallānagataṃ upasaṅkamitvā bhagavato pāde sirasā vanditvā ekamantaṃ nisīdi, bhagavā ca taṃ suvinītaṃ parisaṃ oloketvā haṭṭhatuṭṭho pamudito udaggo parisāya saddhiṃ sallāpaṃ sallapitvā asambhinnena brahmassarena etadavoca ‘pāsādikā kho pana tyāyaṃ upasena parisā, kataṃ tvaṃ upasena parisaṃ vinesī’ti. Sopi sabbaññunā dasabalena devātidevena puṭṭho yathābhūtasabhāvaguṇavasena bhagavantaṃ etadavoca –

‘‘Yo koci maṃ, bhante, upasaṅkamitvā pabbajjaṃ vā nissayaṃ vā yācati, tamahaṃ evaṃ vadāmi ‘‘ahaṃ kho āvuso āraññiko piṇḍapātiko paṃsukūliko tecīvariko. Sace tvampi āraññiko bhavissasi piṇḍapātiko paṃsukūliko tecīvariko, evāhaṃ taṃ pabbājessāmi nissayaṃ dassāmī’’ti, sace so me, bhante, paṭissuṇitvā nandati oramati, evāhaṃ taṃ pabbājemi nissayaṃ demi, sace na nandati na oramati, na taṃ pabbājemi, na nissayaṃ demi, evāhaṃ, bhante, parisaṃ vinemī’’ti. Evaṃ kho ²⁴, mahārāja, dhutaguṇavarasamādiṇṇo jinasāsanavare issaro hoti. Vasavattī sāmiko icchākaraṇo, tassādheyyā honti kevalā santā sukhā samāpattiyo.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, padumaṃ abhivuddhaparisuddhaudiccajātippabhavaṃ siniddhaṃ mudu lobhanīyaṃ sugandhaṃ piyaṃ patthitaṃ pasatthaṃ jalakaddamamanupalittaṃ aṇupattakesarakaṇṇikābhimaṇḍitaṃ bhamaragaṇasevitaṃ sītalasalilasaṃvaddhaṃ, evameva kho, mahārāja, imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi pubbe āsevitehi nisevitehi ciṇṇehi pariciṇṇehi caritehi upacaritehi paripūritehi ariyasāvako tiṃsaguṇavarehi samupeto hoti.

‘‘Katamehi tiṃsaguṇavarehi? Siniddhamudumaddavamettacitto hoti, ghātitahatavihatakileso hoti, hatanihatamānadabbo hoti, acaladaḷhaniviṭṭhanibbematikasaddho hoti, paripuṇṇapīṇitapahaṭṭhalobhanīyasantasukhasamāpattilābhī hoti, sīlavarapavaraasamasucigandhaparibhāvito hoti, devamanussānaṃ piyo hoti manāpo, khīṇāsavaariyavarapuggalapatthito, devamanussānaṃ vanditapūjito, budhavibudhapaṇḍitajanānaṃ thutathavitathomitapasattho , idha vā huraṃ vā lokena anupalitto, appathokavajjepi ²⁷ bhayadassāvī, vipulavarasampattikāmānaṃ maggaphalavaratthasādhano, āyācitavipulapaṇītapaccayabhāgī, aniketasayano, jhānajjhositatappavaravihārī , vijaṭitakilesajālavatthu, bhinnabhaggasaṅkuṭitasañchinnagatinīvaraṇo, akuppadhammo, abhinītavāso, anavajjabhogī , gativimutto, uttiṇṇasabbavicikiccho, vimuttijjhositattho ²⁸, diṭṭhadhammo, acaladaḷhabhīruttāṇamupagato, samucchinnānusayo, sabbāsavakkhayaṃ patto, santasukhasamāpattivihārabahulo, sabbasamaṇaguṇasamupeto, imehi tiṃsaguṇavarehi samupeto hoti.

‘‘Nanu, mahārāja, thero sāriputto dasasahassilokadhātuyā aggapuriso ṭhapetvā dasabalaṃ lokācariyaṃ, sopi aparimitamasaṅkhyeyyakappe samācitakusalamūlo ³⁰ brāhmaṇakulakulīno manāpikaṃ kāmaratiṃ anekasatasaṅkhaṃ dhanavarañca ohāya jinasāsane pabbajitvā imehi terasahi dhutaguṇehi kāyavacīcittaṃ damayitvā ajjetarahi anantaguṇasamannāgato gotamassa bhagavato sāsanavare dhammacakkamanuppavattako jāto. Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā devātidevena ekaṅguttaranikāyavaralañchake –

‘‘Nāhaṃ, bhikkhave, aññaṃ ekapuggalampi samanupassāmi, yo evaṃ tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavatteti, yathayidaṃ bhikkhave, sāriputto, sāriputto. Bhikkhave, tathāgatena anuttaraṃ dhammacakkaṃ pavattitaṃ sammadeva anuppavattetī’’’ti.

‘‘Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, yaṃ kiñci navaṅgaṃ buddhavacanaṃ, yā ca lokuttarā kiriyā, yā ca loke adhigamavipulavarasampattiyo, sabbaṃ taṃ terasasu dhutaguṇesu samodhānopagata’’ ³² nti.

Dhutaṅgapañho dutiyo.

Anumānavaggo catuttho.