7. Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā

51. So udayabbayānupassanāyaṃ ṭhito yogāvacaro maggāmaggavavatthāpanena upakkilesavimuttaṃ vīthipaṭipannaṃ udayabbayānupassanāñāṇaṃ ‘‘maggo’’ti ñatvā tilakkhaṇasallakkhaṇena tasseva maggassa suvisadakaraṇatthaṃ puna udayabbayānupassanaṃ ārabhitvā udayabbayena paricchinne saṅkhāre aniccādito vipassati. Evaṃ tassa taṃ ñāṇaṃ tikkhaṃ hutvā vahati, saṅkhārā lahuṃ upaṭṭhahanti, ñāṇe tikkhe vahante saṅkhāresu lahuṃ upaṭṭhahantesu uppādaṃ atikkamitvā bhaṅge eva sati santiṭṭhati. Nirodhādhimuttattā vā udayaṃ pahāya bhaṅgeyeva satiṃ upaṭṭhapeti. Etasmiṃ ṭhāne bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ uppajjati. Idāni tassa ñāṇassa niddese rūpārammaṇatā cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjatīti rūpārammaṇaṃ cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjati. Atha vā rūpārammaṇabhāve cittaṃ uppajjitvā bhijjatīti attho. Taṃ ārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhāti taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ paṭisaṅkhāya jānitvā, khayato vayato disvāti attho. Tassa cittassa bhaṅgaṃ anupassatīti yena cittena taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ khayato vayato diṭṭhaṃ, tassa cittassa aparena cittena bhaṅgaṃ anupassatīti attho. Tenāhu porāṇā – ‘‘ñātañca ñāṇañca ubho vipassatī’’ti. Cittanti cettha sasampayuttacittaṃ adhippetaṃ.

Anupassatīti anu anu passati, anekehi ākārehi punappunaṃ passatīti attho. Tenāha anupassatīti kathaṃ anupassati, aniccato anupassatītiādi . Tattha yasmā bhaṅgo nāma aniccatāya paramā koṭi, tasmā bhaṅgānupassako yogāvacaro sabbaṃ rūpagataṃ aniccato anupassati, no niccato. Tato aniccassa dukkhattā, dukkhassa ca anattattā, tadeva dukkhato anupassati, no sukhato. Anattato anupassati, no attato . Yasmā pana yaṃ aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā, na taṃ abhinanditabbaṃ. Yañca na abhinanditabbaṃ, na tattha rajjitabbaṃ. Tasmā esa tasmiṃ bhaṅgānupassanānusārena ‘‘aniccaṃ dukkhamanattā’’ti diṭṭhe rūpagate nibbindati, no nandati. Virajjati, no rajjati. So evaṃ virajjanto lokikeneva tāva ñāṇena rāgaṃ nirodheti, no samudeti, samudayaṃ na karotīti attho. Atha vā so evaṃ viratto yathā diṭṭhaṃ rūpagataṃ, tathā adiṭṭhampi anvayañāṇavasena nirodheti, no samudeti. Nirodhatova manasi karoti, nirodhamevassa passati, no samudayanti attho. So evaṃ paṭipanno paṭinissajjati, no ādiyati. Kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Ayampi hi aniccādianupassanā tadaṅgavasena saddhiṃ khandhābhisaṅkhārehi kilesānaṃ pariccajanato, saṅkhatadosadassanena ca tabbiparīte nibbāne tanninnatāya pakkhandanato pariccāgapaṭinissaggo ceva pakkhandanapaṭinissaggo cāti vuccati. Tasmā tāya samannāgato bhikkhu yathāvuttena nayena kilese ca pariccajati, nibbāne ca pakkhandati. Nāpi nibbattanavasena kilese ādiyati, na adosadassitāvasena saṅkhatārammaṇaṃ. Tena vuccati paṭinissajjati, no ādiyatīti.

52. Idānissa tehi ñāṇehi yesaṃ dhammānaṃ pahānaṃ hoti, taṃ dassetuṃ aniccato anupassanto niccasaññaṃ pajahatītiādi vuttaṃ. Tattha nandinti sappītikaṃ taṇhaṃ. Rāganti sesaṃ taṇhaṃ. Samudayanti rāgassa uppattiṃ. Atha vā rūpagatassa udayaṃ. Ādānanti nibbattanavasena kilesānaṃ ādānaṃ. Vedanārammaṇatātiādīni idha ca heṭṭhā ca vuttanayeneva veditabbāni.

Gāthāsu pana vatthusaṅkamanāti rūpādīsu ekekassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā puna yena cittena bhaṅgo diṭṭho, tassāpi bhaṅgadassanavasena purimavatthuto aññavatthusaṅkamanā. Paññāya ca vivaṭṭanāti udayaṃ pahāya vaye santiṭṭhanā. Āvajjanā balañcevāti rūpādīsu ekekassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā puna bhaṅgārammaṇassa cittassa bhaṅgadassanatthaṃ anantarameva āvajjanasamatthatā. Paṭisaṅkhā vipassanāti esā ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā bhaṅgānupassanā nāma. Ārammaṇaanvayenaubho ekavavatthanāti paccakkhato diṭṭhassa ārammaṇassa anvayena anugamanena yathā idaṃ, tathā atītepi saṅkhāragataṃ bhijji, anāgatepi bhijjissatīti evaṃ ubhinnaṃ ekasabhāveneva vavatthāpananti attho. Vuttampi cetaṃ porāṇehi –

‘‘Saṃvijjamānamhi visuddhadassano, tadanvayaṃ neti atītanāgate;

Sabbepi saṅkhāragatā palokino, ussāvabindū sūriyeva uggate’’ti.

Nirodhe adhimuttatāti evaṃ ubhinnaṃ bhaṅgavasena ekavavatthānaṃ katvā tasmiṃyeva bhaṅgasaṅkhāte nirodhe adhimuttatā taggarutā tanninnatā tappoṇatā tappabbhāratāti attho. Vayalakkhaṇavipassanāti esā vayalakkhaṇavipassanā nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. Ārammaṇañca paṭisaṅkhāti purimañca rūpādiārammaṇaṃ jānitvā. Bhaṅgañca anupassatīti tassārammaṇassa bhaṅgaṃ disvā tadārammaṇassa cittassa ca bhaṅgaṃ anupassati. Suññato ca upaṭṭhānanti tassevaṃ bhaṅgamanupassato ‘‘saṅkhārāva bhijjanti, tesaṃ bhedo maraṇaṃ, na añño koci atthī’’ti suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ ijjhati. Tenāhu porāṇā –

‘‘Khandhā nirujjhanti na catthi añño, khandhāna bhedo maraṇanti vuccati;

Tesaṃ khayaṃ passati appamatto, maṇiṃva vijjhaṃ vajirena yoniso’’ti.

Adhipaññā vipassanāti yā ca ārammaṇapaṭisaṅkhā, yā ca bhaṅgānupassanā, yañca suññato upaṭṭhānaṃ, ayaṃ adhipaññā vipassanā nāmāti vuttaṃ hoti. Kusalo tīsu anupassanāsūti aniccānupassanādīsu tīsu cheko bhikkhu. Catasso ca vipassanāsūti nibbidādīsu ca catūsu vipassanāsu. Tayo upaṭṭhāne kusalatāti khayato vayato suññatoti imasmiñca tividhe upaṭṭhāne kusalatāya. Nānādiṭṭhīsu na kampatīti sassatadiṭṭhiādīsu nānappakārāsu diṭṭhīsu na vedhati. So evaṃ avedhamāno ‘‘aniruddhameva nirujjhati, abhinnameva bhijjatī’’ti pavattamanasikāro dubbalabhājanassa viya bhijjamānassa, sukhumarajasseva vippakiriyamānassa, tilānaṃ viya bhajjiyamānānaṃ sabbasaṅkhārānaṃ uppādaṭṭhitipavattanimittaṃ vissajjetvā bhedameva passati. So yathā nāma cakkhumā puriso pokkharaṇītīre vā nadītīre vā ṭhito thūlaphusitake deve vassante udakapiṭṭhe mahantamahantāni udakapubbuḷāni uppajjitvā uppajjitvā sīghaṃ sīghaṃ bhijjamānāni passeyya, evameva sabbe saṅkhārā bhijjanti bhijjantīti passati. Evarūpañhi yogāvacaraṃ sandhāya vuttaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘Yathā pubbuḷakaṃ passe, yathā passe marīcikaṃ;

Evaṃ lokaṃ avekkhantaṃ, maccurājā na passatī’’ti. (dha. pa. 170);

Tassevaṃ ‘‘sabbe saṅkhārā bhijjanti bhijjantī’’ti abhiṇhaṃ passato aṭṭhānisaṃsaparivāraṃ bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaṃ balappattaṃ hoti. Tatrime aṭṭhānisaṃsā – bhavadiṭṭhippahānaṃ, jīvitanikantipariccāgo, sadāyuttapayuttatā, visuddhājīvitā, ussukkappahānaṃ, vigatabhayatā, khantisoraccapaṭilābho, aratiratisahanatāti. Tenāhu porāṇā –

‘‘Imāni aṭṭhagguṇamuttamāni, disvā tahiṃ sammasatī punappunaṃ;

Ādittacelassirasūpamo muni, bhaṅgānupassī amatassa pattiyā’’ti.

Bhaṅgānupassanāñāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.