Saccapakiṇṇakavaṇṇanā

Catūsu pana saccesu bādhanalakkhaṇaṃ dukkhasaccaṃ, pabhavalakkhaṇaṃ samudayasaccaṃ, santilakkhaṇaṃ nirodhasaccaṃ, niyyānalakkhaṇaṃ maggasaccaṃ, apica pavattipavattakanivattinivattakalakkhaṇāni paṭipāṭiyā. Tathā saṅkhatataṇhāasaṅkhatadassanalakkhaṇāni ca.

Kasmā pana cattāreva ariyasaccāni vuttāni anūnāni anadhikānīti ce? Aññassa asambhavato aññatarassa ca anapaneyyabhāvato. Na hi etehi aññaṃ adhikaṃ vā, etesaṃ vā ekampi apanetabbaṃ sambhoti. Yathāha –

‘‘Idha, bhikkhave, āgaccheyya samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ. Yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ ṭhapetvā aññaṃ dukkhaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’tiādi.

Yathā cāha –

‘‘Yo hi koci, bhikkhave, samaṇo vā brāhmaṇo vā evaṃ vadeyya ‘netaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ, yaṃ samaṇena gotamena desitaṃ, ahametaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paccakkhāya aññaṃ dukkhaṃ paṭhamaṃ ariyasaccaṃ paññapessāmī’ti netaṃ ṭhānaṃ vijjatī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 5.1086).

Apica pavattimācikkhanto bhagavā sahetukaṃ ācikkhi, nivattiñca saupāyaṃ. Iti pavattinivattitadubhayahetūnaṃ etapparamato cattāreva vuttāni. Tathā pariññeyyapahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbānaṃ, taṇhāvatthutaṇhātaṇhānirodhataṇhānirodhūpāyānaṃ, ālayaālayarāmatāālayasamugghātaālayasamugghātūpāyānañca vasenāpi cattāreva vuttānīti.

Ettha ca oḷārikattā sabbasattasādhāraṇattā ca suviññeyyanti dukkhasaccaṃ paṭhamaṃ vuttaṃ. Tasseva hetudassanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayasaccaṃ, hetunirodhā phalanirodhoti ñāpanatthaṃ tato nirodhasaccaṃ, tadadhigamūpāyadassanatthaṃ ante maggasaccaṃ. Bhavasukhassādagadhitānaṃ vā sattānaṃ saṃvegajananatthaṃ paṭhamaṃ dukkhamāha. Taṃ neva akataṃ āgacchati, na issaranimmānādito hoti, ito pana hotīti ñāpanatthaṃ tadanantaraṃ samudayaṃ. Tato sahetukena dukkhena abhibhūtattā saṃviggamānasānaṃ dukkhanissaraṇagavesīnaṃ nissaraṇadassanena assāsajananatthaṃ nirodhaṃ. Tato nirodhādhigamanatthaṃ nirodhasampāpakaṃ magganti ayametesaṃ kamo.

Etesu pana bhāro viya dukkhasaccaṃ daṭṭhabbaṃ, bhārādānamiva samudayasaccaṃ, bhāranikkhepanamiva nirodhasaccaṃ, bhāranikkhepanūpāyo viya maggasaccaṃ. Rogo viya vā dukkhasaccaṃ, roganidānamiva samudayasaccaṃ, rogavūpasamo viya nirodhasaccaṃ, bhesajjamiva maggasaccaṃ. Dubbhikkhamiva vā dukkhasaccaṃ, dubbuṭṭhi viya samudayasaccaṃ, subhikkhamiva nirodhasaccaṃ, suvuṭṭhi viya maggasaccaṃ. Apica verīveramūlaverasamugghātaverasamugghātūpāyehi, visarukkharukkhamūlamūlūpacchedatadupacchedūpāyehi, bhayabhayamūlanibbhayatadadhigamūpāyehi, orimatīramahoghapārimatīrataṃsampāpakavāyāmehi ca yojetvāpetāni upamāto veditabbānīti.

Sabbāneva panetāni saccāni paramatthena vedakakārakanibbutagamakābhāvato suññānīti veditabbāni. Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Dukkhameva hi na koci dukkhito, kārako na kiriyāva vijjati;

Atthi nibbuti na nibbuto pumā, maggamatthi gamako na vijjatī’’ti.

Atha vā –

Dhuvasubhasukhattasuññaṃ, purimadvayamattasuññamamatapadaṃ;

Dhuvasukhaattavirahito, maggo iti suññatā tesu.

Nirodhasuññāni vā tīṇi, nirodho ca sesattayasuñño. Phalasuñño vā ettha hetu samudaye dukkhassa abhāvato, magge ca nirodhassa, na phalena sagabbho pakativādīnaṃ pakati viya. Hetusuññañca phalaṃ dukkhasamudayānaṃ nirodhamaggānañca asamavāyā, na hetusamavetaṃ hetuphalaṃ samavāyavādīnaṃ dviaṇukādi viya. Tenetaṃ vuccati –

‘‘Tayamidha nirodhasuññaṃ, tayena tenāpi nibbutī suññā;

Suñño phalena hetu, phalampi taṃhetunā suñña’’nti.

Sabbāneva saccāni aññamaññasabhāgāni avitathato attasuññato dukkarapaṭivedhato ca. Yathāha –

‘‘Taṃ kiṃ maññasi, ānanda, katamaṃ nu kho dukkarataraṃ vā durabhisambhavataraṃ vā, yo dūratova sukhumena tāḷacchiggaḷena asanaṃ atipāteyya poṅkhānupoṅkhaṃ avirādhitaṃ, yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyāti? Etadeva, bhante, dukkaratarañceva durabhisambhavatarañca; Yo vā sattadhā bhinnassa vālassa koṭiyā koṭiṃ paṭivijjheyyāti; Atha kho te, ānanda, duppaṭivijjhataraṃ paṭivijjhanti, ye ‘idaṃ dukkha’nti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhanti…pe… ‘ayaṃ dukkhanirodhagāminī paṭipadā’ti yathābhūtaṃ paṭivijjhantī’’ti (saṃ. ni. 5.1115);

Visabhāgāni salakkhaṇavavatthānato. Purimāni ca dve sabhāgāni duravagāhatthena gambhīrattā lokiyattā sāsavattā ca, visabhāgāni phalahetubhedato pariññeyyapahātabbato ca. Pacchimānipi dve sabhāgāni gambhīrattena duravagāhattā lokuttarattā anāsavattā ca, visabhāgāni visayavisayībhedato sacchikātabbabhāvetabbato ca. Paṭhamatatiyāni cāpi sabhāgāni phalāpadesato, visabhāgāni saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato . Dutiyacatutthāni cāpi sabhāgāni hetuapadesato, visabhāgāni ekantakusalākusalato. Paṭhamacatutthāni cāpi sabhāgāni saṅkhatato, visabhāgāni lokiyalokuttarato. Dutiyatatiyāni cāpi sabhāgāni nevasekkhanāsekkhabhāvato, visabhāgāni sārammaṇānārammaṇato.

‘‘Iti evaṃ pakārehi, nayehi ca vicakkhaṇo;

Vijaññā ariyasaccānaṃ, sabhāgavisabhāgata’’nti.

Sabbameva cettha dukkhaṃ ekavidhaṃ pavattibhāvato, duvidhaṃ nāmarūpato, tividhaṃ kāmarūpārūpūpapattibhavabhedato, catubbidhaṃ catuāhārabhedato, pañcavidhaṃ pañcupādānakkhandhabhedato. Samudayopi ekavidho pavattakabhāvato, duvidho diṭṭhisampayuttāsampayuttato, tividho kāmabhavavibhavataṇhābhedato, catubbidho catumaggappaheyyato, pañcavidho rūpābhinandanādibhedato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyabhedato. Nirodhopi ekavidho asaṅkhatadhātubhāvato, pariyāyato pana duvidho saupādisesaanupādisesato, tividho bhavattayavūpasamato, catubbidho catumaggādhigamanīyato, pañcavidho pañcābhinandanavūpasamato, chabbidho chataṇhākāyakkhayabhedato. Maggopi ekavidho bhāvetabbato, duvidho samathavipassanābhedato, dassanabhāvanābhedato vā, tividho khandhattayabhedato. Ayañhi sappadesattā nagaraṃ viya rajjena nippadesehi tīhi khandhehi saṅgahito. Yathāha –

‘‘Na kho, āvuso visākha, ariyena aṭṭhaṅgikena maggena tayo khandhā saṅgahitā, tīhi ca kho, āvuso visākha, khandhehi ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo saṅgahito. Yā, cāvuso visākha, sammāvācā yo ca sammākammanto yo ca sammāājīvo, ime dhammā sīlakkhandhe saṅgahitā. Yo ca sammāvāyāmo yā ca sammāsati yo ca sammāsamādhi, ime dhammā samādhikkhandhe saṅgahitā. Yā ca sammādiṭṭhi yo ca sammāsaṅkappo, ime dhammā paññākkhandhe saṅgahitā’’ti (ma. ni. 1.462).

Catubbidho sotāpattimaggādivasena.

Apica sabbāneva saccāni ekavidhāni avitathattā, abhiññeyyattā vā. Duvidhāni lokiyalokuttarato, saṅkhatāsaṅkhatato vā. Tividhāni dassanabhāvanāhi pahātabbato appahātabbato nevapahātabbanāpahātabbato ca. Catubbidhāni pariññeyyapahātabbasacchikātabbabhāvetabbatoti.

‘‘Evaṃ ariyasaccānaṃ, dubbodhānaṃ budho vidhiṃ;

Anekabhedato jaññā, hitāya ca sukhāya cā’’ti.

Saccapakiṇṇakavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.

Idāni dhammasenāpati bhagavatā desitakkameneva ante saccacatukkaṃ niddisitvā ‘‘taṃ ñātaṭṭhena ñāṇa’’ntiādinā saccacatukkavasena sutamaye ñāṇaṃ nigametvā dasseti. Evaṃ ‘‘sotāvadhāne paññā sutamaye ñāṇa’’nti pubbe vuttaṃ sabbaṃ nigametvā dassetīti.

Saddhammappakāsiniyā paṭisambhidāmaggaṭṭhakathāya

Sutamayañāṇaniddesavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.