3. Tatiyapārājikaṃ

Paṭhamapaññattinidānavaṇṇanā

162.Tīhi suddhenāti ettha tīhīti nissakkavacanaṃ vā hoti, karaṇavacanaṃ vā. Nissakkapakkhe kāyavacīmanodvārehi suddhena. Tathā duccaritamalehi visamehi papañcehītiādinā nayena sabbakilesattikehi bodhimaṇḍe eva suddhenāti yojetabbaṃ. Karaṇapakkhe tīhīti kāyavacīmanodvārehi suddhena. Tathā tīhi sucaritehi, tīhi vimokkhehi, tīhi bhāvanāhi, tīhi sīlasamādhipaññāhi suddhenāti sabbaguṇattikehi yojetabbaṃ. Vibhāvitanti desanāya vitthāritaṃ, vibhūtaṃ vā kataṃ vihitaṃ, paññattaṃ vā hoti. Saṃvaṇṇanāti vattamānasamīpe vattamānavacanaṃ.

Na kevalaṃ rājagahameva, idampi nagaraṃ. Saparicchedanti sapariyantanti attho. Saparikkhepanti eke. ‘‘Haṃsavaṭṭakacchadanenāti haṃsaparikkhepasaṇṭhānenā’’ti likhitaṃ. Kāyavicchindaniyakathanti attano attabhāve, parassa vā attabhāve chandarāgappahānakaraṃ vicchindanakaraṃ dhammakathaṃ katheti. Asubhā ceva subhākāravirahitattā. Asucino ca dosanissandanapabhavattā. Paṭikūlā ca jigucchanīyattā pittasemhādīsu āsayato. Asubhāya vaṇṇanti asubhākārassa, asubhakammaṭṭhānassa vā vitthāraṃ bhāsati. Sāmiatthe hetaṃ sampadānavacanaṃ. Asubhanti asubhanimittassa āvibhāvāya paccupaṭṭhānāya vitthārakathāsaṅkhātaṃ vaṇṇaṃ bhāsabhīti attho. Tesaṃyeva ādimajjhapariyosānānaṃ dasahi lakkhaṇehi sampannaṃ kilesacorehi anabhibhavanīyattā jhānacittaṃ mañjūsaṃ nāma.

Tatrimānīti etthāyaṃ piṇḍattho – yasmiṃ vāre paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ ekacittakkhaṇikaṃ uppajjati, taṃ sakalampi javanavāraṃ anulomaparikammaupacāragotrabhuappanāppabhedaṃ ekattanayena ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhāna’’nti gahetvā tassa paṭhamajjhānassa appanāpaṭipādikāya khippādibhedāya abhiññāya adhigatāya kiccanipphattiṃ upādāya āgamanavasena paṭipadāvisuddhi ādīti veditabbā. Tatramajjhattupekkhāya kiccanipphattivasena upekkhānubrūhanā majjheti veditabbā. Pariyodāpakañāṇassa kiccanipphattivasena sampahaṃsanā pariyosānanti veditabbaṃ. Tattha ādicittato paṭṭhāya yāva paṭhamajjhānassa uppādakkhaṇaṃ, etasmiṃ antare paṭipadāvisuddhīti veditabbā. Uppādaṭhitikkhaṇesu upekkhānubrūhanā, ṭhitibhaṅgakkhaṇesu sampahaṃsanāti veditabbā. Lakkhīyati etenāti lakkhaṇanti katvā ‘‘visuddhipaṭipattipakkhandane’’tiādinā pubbabhāgo lakkhīyati, tividhena ajjhupekkhanena majjhaṃ lakkhīyati, catubbidhāya sampahaṃsanāya pariyosānaṃ lakkhīyatīti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘dasa lakkhaṇānī’’ti.

Pāribandhakatoti nīvaraṇasaṅkhātapāribandhakato visuddhattā gotrabhupariyosānaṃ pubbabhāgajavanacittaṃ ‘‘cittavisuddhī’’ti vuccati. Tathā visuddhattā taṃ cittaṃ majjhimaṃ samādhinimittasaṅkhātaṃ appanāsamādhiṃ tadatthāya upagacchamānaṃ ekasantativasena pariṇāmentaṃ paṭipajjati nāma. Evaṃ paṭipannassa tassa tattha samathanimitte pakkhandanaṃ tabbhāvūpagamanaṃ hotīti katvā ‘‘tattha cittapakkhandana’’nti vuccati. Evaṃ tāva paṭhamajjhānuppādakkhaṇe eva āgamanavasena paṭipadāvisuddhi veditabbā. Evaṃ visuddhassa appanāppattassa puna visodhane byāpārābhāvā ajjhupekkhanaṃ hoti. Samathappaṭipannattā puna samādhāne byāpārābhāvā ca samathappaṭipannassa ajjhupekkhanaṃ hoti. Kilesasaṃsaggaṃ pahāya ekantena upaṭṭhitattā puna ekattupaṭṭhāne byāpārāsambhavato ekattupaṭṭhānassa ajjhupekkhanaṃ hoti. Tattha jātānanti tasmiṃ citte jātānaṃ samādhipaññānaṃ yuganaddhabhāvena anativattanaṭṭhena nānākilesehi vimuttattā. Saddhādīnaṃ indriyānaṃ vimuttirasenekarasaṭṭhena anativattanekasabhāvānaṃ tesaṃ dvinnaṃ upagataṃ tajjaṃ tassāruppaṃ tadanurūpaṃ vīriyaṃ tathā cittaṃ yogī vāheti pavattetīti katvā tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhena ca visesabhāgiyabhāvattā āsevanaṭṭhena ca sampahaṃsanā hotīti attho veditabbo. Apicettha ‘‘anantarātītaṃ gotrabhucittaṃ ekasantativasena pariṇāmentaṃ paṭipajjati nāmā’’ti likhitaṃ. Tattha hi pariṇāmentaṃ paṭipajjatīti etāni vacanāni atītassa na sambhavanti, yañca tadanantaraṃ likhitaṃ ‘‘appanāsamādhicittaṃ upagacchamānaṃ gotrabhucittaṃ tattha pakkhandati nāmā’’ti. Imināpi taṃ na yujjati, ‘‘paṭipattikkhaṇe eva atīta’’nti vuttattā ‘‘gotrabhucittaṃ tattha pakkhandatī’’ti vacanameva virujjhatīti ācariyo. ‘‘Ekacittakkhaṇikampi lokuttaracittaṃ āsevati bhāveti bahulīkarotī’’ti vuttattā ‘‘ekacittakkhaṇikassāpi jhānassa etāni dasa lakkhaṇānī’’ti vuttaṃ. ‘‘Tato paṭṭhāya āsevanā bhāvanā evā’’tipi vuttaṃ. ‘‘Adhiṭṭhānasampannanti adhiṭṭhānena sahagata’’nti likhitaṃ. Tassattho – yañca ‘‘ādimajjhapariyosānasaṅkhāta’’nti vuttaṃ, taṃ tesaṃ tiṇṇampi kalyāṇakatāya samannāgatattā tividhakalyāṇakatañca. Evaṃ tividhacittaṃ tadadhigamamūlakānaṃ guṇānaṃ, uparijhānādhigamassa vā padaṭṭhānaṭṭhena adhiṭṭhānaṃ hoti, tasmā cittassa adhiṭṭhānabhāvena sampannattā adhiṭṭhānasampannaṃ nāmāti.

Addhamāsaṃ paṭisallīyitunti ettha ācariyā evamāhu ‘‘bhikkhūnaṃ aññamaññavadhadassanasavanasambhave satthuno sati tassa upaddavassa abhāve upāyājānanato ‘ayaṃ asabbaññū’ti hetupatirūpakamahetuṃ vatvā dhammissarassāpi tathāgatassa kammesvanissariyaṃ asambujjhamānā asabbadassitamadhiccamohā bahujanā avīciparāyanā bhaveyyuṃ, tasmā so bhagavā pageva tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ aññamaññaṃ vadhamānabhāvaṃ ñatvā tadabhāvopāyābhāvaṃ pana suvinicchinitvā tattha puthujjanānaṃ sugatilābhahetumevekaṃ katvā asubhadesanāya vā rūpasaddadassanasavanehi nippayojanehi viramitvā pageva tato viramaṇato, sugatilābhahetukaraṇato, avassaṃ paññāpitabbāya tatiyapārājikapaññattiyā vatthāgamadassanato ca attano sabbadassitaṃ parikkhakānaṃ pakāsento viya tamaddhamāsaṃ veneyyahitanipphattiyā phalasamāpattiyā avakāsaṃ katvā viharitukāmo ‘icchāmahaṃ, bhikkhave, addhamāsaṃ paṭisallīyitu’ntiādimāhā’’ti. Ācariyā nāma buddhamittattheradhammasirittheraupatissattherādayo gaṇapāmokkhā, aṭṭhakathācariyassa ca santike sutapubbā. Tato aññe eketi veditabbā. ‘‘Sakena kāyena aṭṭīyanti…pe… bhavissantī’’ti idaṃ parato ‘‘ye te bhikkhū avītarāgā, tesaṃ tasmiṃ samaye hoti eva bhayaṃ, hoti lomahaṃso, hoti chambhitatta’’nti iminā na yujjati, idañca bhagavato asubhakathārammaṇappayojanena na sametīti ce? Na, tadatthājānanato. Sakena kāyena aṭṭīyantānampi tesaṃ ariyamaggena appahīnasinehattā khīṇāsavānaṃ viya maraṇaṃ paṭicca abhayaṃ na hoti, bhayañca pana asubhabhāvanānuyogānubhāvena mandībhūtaṃ anaṭṭīyantānaṃ viya na mahantaṃ hutvā cittaṃ mohesi. Apāyupage te satte nākāsīti evamattho veditabbo. Atha vā idaṃ purimassa kāraṇavacanaṃ, yasmā tesaṃ tasmiṃ samaye hoti eva bhayaṃ, chambhitattaṃ, lomahaṃso ca, tasmā ‘‘tena kho pana samayena bhagavā asubhakathaṃ kathetī’’tiādi vuttanti.

Atha vā sakena kāyena aṭṭīyantānampi tesaṃ hoti eva bhayaṃ, mahānubhāvā vītarāgāti khīṇāsavānaṃ mahantaṃ visesaṃ dasseti, atiduppasaheyyamidaṃ maraṇabhayaṃ, yato evaṃvidhānampi avītarāgattā bhayaṃ hotītipi dasseti. Tadaññe tesaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ pañcasatānaṃ aññatarā. Tenedaṃ dīpeti ‘‘taṃ tathā āgataṃ asihatthaṃ vadhakaṃ passitvā tadaññesampi hoti eva bhayaṃ, pageva tesanti katvā bhagavā paṭhamameva tesaṃ asubhakathaṃ kathesi, parato tesaṃ nāhosi. Evaṃ mahānisaṃsā nesaṃ asubhakathā āsī’’ti. Yo panettha pacchimo nayo , so ‘‘tesu kira bhikkhūsu kenacipi kāyavikāro vā vacīvikāro vā na kato, sabbe satā sampajānā dakkhiṇena passena nipajjiṃsū’’ti iminā aṭṭhakathāvacanena sameti.

Apare panāhūti kuladdhipaṭisedhanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. ‘‘Ayaṃ kira laddhī’’ti vacanaṃ ‘‘māradheyyaṃnātikkamissatī’’ti vacanena virujjhatīti ce? Na virujjhati. Kathaṃ? Ayaṃ bhikkhū aghātento māravisayaṃ atikkamissati akusalakaraṇato ca. Ghātento pana māradheyyaṃ nātikkamissati balavattā kammassāti sayaṃ mārapakkhikattā evaṃ cintetvā pana ‘‘ye na matā, te saṃsārato na muttā’’ti attano ca laddhi, tasmā taṃ tattha ubhayesaṃ magge niyojentī evamāha, teneva ‘‘mārapakkhikā mārena samānaladdhikā’’ti avatvā ‘‘mārassā nuvattikā’’ti vuttā. ‘‘Iminā kiṃ vuttaṃ hoti? Yasmā mārassa anuvatti, tasmā evaṃ cintetvāpi attano laddhivasena evamāhā’’ti keci likhanti. Mama santike ekato upaṭṭhānamāgacchanti, attano attano ācariyupajjhāyānaṃ santike uddesādiṃ gaṇhāti.