4. Padasodhammasikkhāpadavaṇṇanā

44. Catutthasikkhāpade – appatissāti appatissavā. Upāsakāti vutte vacanampi na sotukāmā; anādarāti attho. Appatissayā vā anīcavuttinoti attho. Asabhāgavuttikāti visabhāgajīvikā, yathā bhikkhūsu vattitabbaṃ; evaṃ appavattavuttinoti attho.

45.Padaso dhammaṃ vāceyyāti ekato padaṃ padaṃ dhammaṃ vāceyya; koṭṭhāsaṃ koṭṭhāsaṃ vāceyyāti attho. Yasmā pana taṃ koṭṭhāsanāmakaṃ padaṃ catubbidhaṃ hoti, tasmā taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘padaṃ anupadaṃ anvakkharaṃ anubyañjana’’nti padabhājanaṃ vuttaṃ. Tattha padanti eko gāthāpādo adhippeto. Anupadanti dutiyapādo. Anvakkharanti ekekamakkharaṃ. Anubyañjananti purimabyañjanena sadisaṃ pacchābyañjanaṃ. Yaṃ kiñci vā ekamakkharaṃ anvakkharaṃ, akkharasamūho anubyañjanaṃ, akkharānubyañjanasamūho padaṃ. Paṭhamapadaṃ padameva, dutiyaṃ anupadanti evamettha nānākaraṇaṃ veditabbaṃ.

Idāni padaṃ nāma ekato paṭṭhapetvā ekato osāpentīti gāthābandhaṃ dhammaṃ vācento ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’ti ekamekaṃ padaṃ sāmaṇerena saddhiṃ ekato ārabhitvā ekatoyeva niṭṭhāpeti. Evaṃ vācentassa padagaṇanāya pācittiyā veditabbā. Anupadaṃ nāma pāṭekkaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ekato osāpentīti therena ‘‘manopubbaṅgamā dhammā’’ti vutte sāmaṇero taṃ padaṃ apāpuṇitvā ‘‘manoseṭṭhā manomayā’’ti dutiyapadaṃ ekato bhaṇati, ime pāṭekkaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ekato osāpenti nāma. Evaṃ vācentassāpi anupadagaṇanāya pācittiyā. Anvakkharaṃ nāma rūpaṃ aniccantivuccamāno ‘‘rū’’ti opātetīti ‘‘rūpaṃ aniccanti bhaṇa sāmaṇerā’’ti vuccamāno rūkāramattameva ekato vatvā tiṭṭhati. Evaṃ vācentassāpi anvakkharagaṇanāya pācittiyā. Gāthābandhepi ca esa nayo labbhatiyeva. Anubyañjanaṃ nāma rūpaṃ aniccanti vuccamāno vedanā aniccāti saddaṃ nicchāretīti ‘‘rūpaṃ, bhikkhave, aniccaṃ, vedanā aniccā’’ti imaṃ suttaṃ vācayamāno therena ‘‘rūpaṃ anicca’’nti vuccamāno sāmaṇero sīghapaññatāya ‘‘vedanā aniccā’’ti imaṃ aniccapadaṃ therassa ‘‘rūpaṃ anicca’’nti etena aniccapadena saddhiṃ ekato bhaṇanto vācaṃ nicchāreti. Evaṃ vācentassāpi anubyañjanagaṇanāya pācittiyā. Ayaṃ panettha saṅkhepo – imesu padādīsu yaṃ yaṃ ekato bhaṇati tena tena āpattiṃ āpajjatīti.

Buddhabhāsitoti sakalaṃ vinayapiṭakaṃ abhidhammapiṭakaṃ dhammapadaṃ cariyāpiṭakaṃ udānaṃ itivuttakaṃ jātakaṃ suttanipāto vimānavatthu petavatthu brahmajālādīni ca suttāni. Sāvakabhāsitoti catuparisapariyāpannehi sāvakehi bhāsito anaṅgaṇasammādiṭṭhianumānasuttacuḷavedallamahāvedallādiko. Isibhāsitoti bāhiraparibbājakehi bhāsito sakalo paribbājakavaggo, bāvariyassa antevāsikānaṃ soḷasannaṃ brāhmaṇānaṃ pucchāti evamādi. Devatābhāsitoti devatāhi bhāsito; so devatāsaṃyuttadevaputtasaṃyuttamārasaṃyuttabrahmasaṃyuttasakkasaṃyuttādivasena veditabbo.

Atthūpasañhitoti aṭṭhakathānissito. Dhammūpasañhitoti pāḷinissito; ubhayenāpi vivaṭṭūpanissitameva vadati. Kiñcāpi vivaṭṭūpanissitaṃ vadati, tisso saṅgītiyo āruḷhadhammaṃyeva pana padaso vācentassa āpatti . Vivaṭṭūpanissitepi nānābhāsāvasena gāthāsilokabandhādīhi abhisaṅkhate anāpatti. Tisso saṅgītiyo anāruḷhepi kulumbasuttaṃ rājovādasuttaṃ tikkhindriyaṃ catuparivaṭṭaṃ nandopanandanti īdise āpattiyeva. Apalāladamanampi vuttaṃ, mahāpaccariyampana paṭisiddhaṃ. Meṇḍakamilindapañhesu therassa sakapaṭibhāne anāpatti, yaṃ rañño saññāpanatthaṃ āharitvā vuttaṃ, tattha āpatti. Vaṇṇapiṭakaaṅgulimālapiṭakaraṭṭhapālagaajataāḷavakagajjitaguḷhamaggaguḷhavessantaraguḷhavinayavedallapiṭakāni pana abuddhavacanāniyevāti vuttaṃ. Sīlūpadeso nāma dhammasenāpatinā vuttoti vadanti, tasmiṃ āpattiyeva. Aññānipi maggakathāārammaṇakathābuddhikadaṇḍaka ñāṇavatthuasubhakathādīni atthi, tesu sattatiṃsa bodhipakkhiyadhammā vibhattā, dhutaṅgapañhe paṭipadā vibhattā; tasmā tesu āpattīti vuttaṃ. Mahāpaccariyādīsu pana saṅgītiṃ anāruḷhesu rājovādatikkhindriyacatuparivaṭṭanandopanandakulumbasuttesuyeva āpattīti vatvā avasesesu yaṃ buddhavacanato āharitvā vuttaṃ, tadeva āpattivatthu hoti, na itaranti ayamattho pariggahito.

48.Ekato uddisāpentoti anupasampannena saddhiṃ ekato uddesaṃ gaṇhantopi ekato vadati anāpattīti attho.

Tatrāyaṃ vinicchayo – upasampanno ca anupasampanno ca nisīditvā uddisāpenti. Ācariyo nisinnānaṃ bhaṇāmīti tehi saddhiṃ ekato vadati, ācariyassa āpatti. Anupasampannena saddhiṃ gaṇhantassa anāpatti. Dvepi ṭhitā gaṇhanti, eseva nayo. Daharabhikkhu nisinno, sāmaṇero ṭhito, nisinnassa bhaṇāmīti bhaṇato anāpatti. Sace daharo tiṭṭhati, itaro nisīdati, ṭhitassa bhaṇāmīti bhaṇatopi anāpatti. Sace bahūnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ antare eko sāmaṇero nisinno hoti, tasmiṃ nisinne padaso dhammaṃ vācentassa ācariyassa acittakāpatti. Sace sāmaṇero upacāraṃ muñcitvā ṭhito vā nisinno vā hoti, yesaṃ vāceti, tesu apariyāpannattā ekena disābhāgena palāyanakaganthaṃ nāma gaṇhātīti saṅkhyaṃ gacchati, tasmā anāpatti. Ekato sajjhāyaṃ karontopi anupasampannena saddhiṃ upasampanno ekato sajjhāyaṃ karonto tena saddhiṃyeva bhaṇati, anāpatti. Anupasampannassa santike uddesaṃ gaṇhantassapi tena saddhiṃ ekato bhaṇantassa anāpatti. Ayampi hi ekato sajjhāyaṃ karoticceva saṅkhyaṃ gacchati.

Yebhuyyena paguṇaṃ ganthaṃ bhaṇantaṃ opātetīti sace ekagāthāya eko pādo na āgacchati, sesaṃ āgacchati, ayaṃ yebhuyyena paguṇagantho nāma. Etena nayena suttepi veditabbo. Taṃ opātentassa evaṃ bhaṇāhīti ekatopi bhaṇantassa anāpatti. Osārentaṃ opātetīti suttaṃ uccārentaṃ parisamajjhe parisaṅkamānaṃ evaṃ vadehīti tena saddhiṃ ekatopi vadantassa anāpatti. Yaṃ pana mahāpaccariyādīsu ‘‘mayā saddhiṃ mā vadā’’ti vutto yadi vadati, ‘‘anāpattī’’ti vuttaṃ, taṃ mahāaṭṭhakathāyaṃ natthi, natthibhāvoyeva cassa yutto. Kasmā? Kiriyasamuṭṭhānattā. Itarathā hi kiriyākiriyaṃ bhaveyya. Sesaṃ uttānatthameva.

Padasodhammasamuṭṭhānaṃ – vācato ca vācācittato ca samuṭṭhāti, kiriyaṃ, nosaññāvimokkhaṃ, acittakaṃ, paṇṇattivajjaṃ, vacīkammaṃ, ticittaṃ, tivedananti.

Padasodhammasikkhāpadaṃ catutthaṃ.