5. Mālukyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Rūpaṃdisvā sati muṭṭhātiādikā āyasmato mālukyaputtassa gāthā. Imassa āyasmato vatthu heṭṭhā chakkanipāte (theragā. 399 ādayo) vuttameva. Tā pana gāthā therena arahatte patiṭṭhitena ñātīnaṃ dhammadesanāvasena bhāsitā. Idha pana puthujjanakāle ‘‘sādhu me, bhante, bhagavā saṃkhittena dhammaṃ desetū’’ti yācitena satthārā ‘‘taṃ kiṃ maññasi, mālukyaputta, ye te cakkhuviññeyyā rūpā adiṭṭhā adiṭṭhapubbā, na ca passasi, na ca te hoti passeyyanti, atthi te tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Ye te sotaviññeyyā saddā…pe… ghāna…jivhā…kāya…manoviññeyyā dhammā aviññātā aviññātapubbā, na ca vijānāsi, na ca te hoti vijāneyyanti, atthi te tattha chando vā rāgo vā pemaṃ vā’’ti? ‘‘No hetaṃ, bhante’’. ‘‘Ettha ca te, mālukyaputta, diṭṭhasutamutaviññātabbesu dhammesu diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattaṃ bhavissati, sute sutamattaṃ, mute mutamattaṃ, viññāte viññātamattaṃ bhavissati. Yato kho te, mālukyaputta, diṭṭhasutamutaviññātabbesu dhammesu diṭṭhe diṭṭhamattaṃ, sute sutamattaṃ, mute mutamattaṃ, viññāte viññātamattaṃ bhavissati, tato tvaṃ, mālukyaputta, na tena. Yato tvaṃ, mālukyaputta, na tena, tato tvaṃ, mālukyaputta, na tattha. Yato tvaṃ, mālukyaputta, na tattha, tato tvaṃ, mālukyaputta, nevidha na huraṃ na ubhayamantarena, esevanto dukkhassā’’ti (saṃ. ni. 4.95). Saṃkhittena dhamme desite tassa dhammassa sādhukaṃ uggahitabhāvaṃ pakāsentena –

794.

‘‘Rūpaṃ disvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

795.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā rūpasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

796.

‘‘Saddaṃ sutvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

797.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā saddasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

798.

‘‘Gandhaṃ ghatvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

799.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā gandhasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

800.

‘‘Rasaṃ bhotvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

801.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā rasasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

802.

‘‘Phassaṃ phussa sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

803.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā phassasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

804.

‘‘Dhammaṃ ñatvā sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karoto;

Sārattacitto vedeti, tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhati.

805.

‘‘Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā dhammasambhavā;

Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññati;

Evamācinato dukkhaṃ, ārā nibbāna vuccati.

806.

‘‘Na so rajjati rūpesu, rūpaṃ disvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

807.

‘‘Yathāssa passato rūpaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

808.

‘‘Na so rajjati saddesu, saddaṃ sutvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

809.

‘‘Yathāssa suṇato saddaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

810.

‘‘Na so rajjati gandhesu, gandhaṃ ghatvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

811.

‘‘Yathāssa ghāyato gandhaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

812.

‘‘Na so rajjati rasesu, rasaṃ bhotvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

813.

‘‘Yathāssa sāyato rasaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

814.

‘‘Na so rajjati phassesu, phassaṃ phussa paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

815.

‘‘Yathāssa phusato phassaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccati.

816.

‘‘Na so rajjati dhammesu, dhammaṃ ñatvā paṭissato;

Virattacitto vedeti, tañca nājjhosa tiṭṭhati.

817.

‘‘Yathāssa vijānato dhammaṃ, sevato cāpi vedanaṃ;

Khīyati nopacīyati, evaṃ so caratī sato;

Evaṃ apacinato dukkhaṃ, santike nibbāna vuccatī’’ti. –

Imā gāthā abhāsi.

Tattha rūpaṃ disvāti cakkhuviññeyyaṃ rūpaṃ cakkhudvārena upalabhitvā. Sati muṭṭhā, piyaṃ nimittaṃ manasi karototi tasmiṃ rūpe diṭṭhamatte eva aṭṭhatvā subhanimittaṃ manasi karoto subhākāraggahaṇavasena ayoniso manasi karoto sati muṭṭhā hoti. Tathā ca sati sārattacitto vedeti taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ ratto, giddho, gadhito hutvā anubhavati, assādeti, abhinandati. Tathābhūto ca tañca ajjhosa tiṭṭhatīti tañca rūpārammaṇaṃ ajjhosāya ‘‘sukhaṃ sukha’’nti abhinivissa gilitvā pariniṭṭhāpetvā tiṭṭhati.

Tassa vaḍḍhanti vedanā, anekā rūpasambhavāti tassa evarūpassa puggalassa rūpasambhavā rūpārammaṇā sukhādibhedena anekā vedanā kilesuppattihetubhūtā vaḍḍhanti. Abhijjhā ca vihesā ca, cittamassūpahaññatīti piyarūpe sārajjanavasena uppajjamānāya abhijjhāya, apiyarūpe byāpajjanavasena piyarūpasseva vipariṇāmaññathābhāvāya uppajjamānāya sokādilakkhaṇāya vihesāya ca assa puggalassa cittaṃ upahaññati bādhīyati. Evamācinato dukkhanti vuttākārena taṃ taṃ vedanassādavasena bhavābhisaṅkhāraṃ ācinato vaṭṭadukkhaṃ pavattati. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘vedanāpaccayā taṇhā…pe… dukkhakkhandhassa samudayo hotī’’ti (vibha. 225; saṃ. ni. 2.1). Tathābhūtassa ārā ārakā dūre nibbānaṃ vuccati, tassa taṃ dullabhanti attho. Saddaṃ sutvātiādigāthāsupi vuttanayeneva attho veditabbo. Tattha ghatvāti ghāyitvā. Bhotvāti sāyitvā. Phussāti phusitvā. Dhammaṃ ñatvāti dhammārammaṇaṃ vijānitvā.

Evaṃ chadvāragocare sārajjantassa vaṭṭaṃ dassetvā idāni tattha virajjantassa vivaṭṭaṃ dassento ‘‘na so rajjati rūpesū’’tiādimāha. Tattha na so rajjati rūpesu, rūpaṃ disvā paṭissatoti yo puggalo rūpaṃ disvā āpāthagataṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ cakkhudvārikena viññāṇasantānena gahetvā catusampajaññavasena sampajānakāritāya paṭissato hoti, so rūpārammaṇesu na rajjati rāgaṃ na janeti, aññadatthu virattacitto vedeti, rūpārammaṇamhi samudayādito yathābhūtaṃ pajānanto nibbindati, nibbindanto taṃ tatthuppannavedanañca virattacitto vedeti, tathābhūto ca tañca najjhosa tiṭṭhatīti taṃ rūpārammaṇaṃ sammadeva virattacittatāya ajjhosāya na tiṭṭhati ‘‘etaṃ mama, esohamasmi, eso me attā’’ti taṇhāmānadiṭṭhivasena nābhinivisati.

Yathāssa passato rūpanti assa yogino yathā tattha abhijjhādayo nappavattanti, evaṃ aniccādito rūpaṃ passantassa. Sevato cāpi vedananti taṃ ārabbha uppannaṃ vedanaṃ taṃsampayuttadhamme ca gocarasevanāya sevato cāpi. Khīyatīti sabbaṃ kilesavaṭṭaṃ parikkhayaṃ pariyādānaṃ gacchati. Nopacīyatīti na upaciyati na ācayaṃ gacchati. Evaṃ so caratī satoti evaṃ kilesāpanayanapaṭipattiyā sato sampajāno hutvā carati, viharati. Evaṃ apacinato dukkhanti vuttanayena apacayagāminiyā maggapaññāya sakalaṃ vaṭṭadukkhaṃ apacinantassa. Santike nibbāna vuccatīti saupādisesaanupādisesanibbānadhātusamīpe evāti vuccati asaṅkhatāya dhātuyā sacchikatattā. Na so rajjati saddesūtiādīsupi imināva nayena attho veditabbo.

Evaṃ thero imāhi gāthāhi satthu ovādassa attanā upadhāritabhāvaṃ pavedetvā uṭṭhāyāsanā satthāraṃ vanditvā gato nacirasseva vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā arahattaṃ pāpuṇīti.

Mālukyaputtattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.