2. Dutiyavaggo

1. Mahācundattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Sussūsāti āyasmato mahācundattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto vipassissa bhagavato kāle kumbhakārakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto kumbhakārakammena jīvanto ekadivasaṃ satthāraṃ disvā pasannamānaso ekaṃ mattikāpattaṃ svābhisaṅkhataṃ katvā bhagavato adāsi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde magadharaṭṭhe nālakagāme rūpasāriyā brāhmaṇiyā putto sāriputtattherassa kaniṭṭhabhātā hutvā nibbatti, cundotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So vayappatto dhammasenāpatiṃ anupabbajitvā taṃ nissāya vipassanaṃ paṭṭhapetvā ghaṭento vāyamanto nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.51.39-50) –

‘‘Nagare haṃsavatiyā, kumbhakāro ahosahaṃ;

Addasaṃ virajaṃ buddhaṃ, oghatiṇṇamanāsavaṃ.

‘‘Sukataṃ mattikāpattaṃ, buddhaseṭṭhassadāsahaṃ;

Pattaṃ datvā bhagavato, ujubhūtassa tādino.

‘‘Bhave nibbattamānohaṃ, soṇṇathāle labhāmahaṃ;

Rūpimaye ca sovaṇṇe, taṭṭike ca maṇīmaye.

‘‘Pātiyo paribhuñjāmi, puññakammassidaṃ phalaṃ;

Yasānañca dhanānañca, aggabhūto ca homahaṃ.

‘‘Yathāpi bhaddake khette, bījaṃ appampi ropitaṃ;

Sammādhāraṃ pavecchante, phalaṃ toseti kassakaṃ.

‘‘Tathevidaṃ pattadānaṃ, buddhakhettamhi ropitaṃ;

Pītidhāre pavassante, phalaṃ maṃ tosayissati.

‘‘Yāvatā khettā vijjanti, saṅghāpi ca gaṇāpi ca;

Buddhakhettasamo natthi, sukhado sabbapāṇinaṃ.

‘‘Namo te purisājañña, namo te purisuttama;

Ekapattaṃ daditvāna, pattomhi acalaṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Ekanavutito kappe, yaṃ pattamadadiṃ tadā;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, pattadānassidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Chaḷabhiñño pana hutvā attanā paṭiladdhasampattiyā kāraṇabhūtaṃ garūpanissayaṃ vivekavāsañca kittento –

141.

‘‘Sussūsā sutavaddhanī, sutaṃ paññāya vaddhanaṃ;

Paññāya atthaṃ jānāti, ñāto attho sukhāvaho.

142.

‘‘Sevetha pantāni senāsanāni, careyya saṃyojanavippamokkhaṃ;

Sace ratiṃ nādhigaccheyya tattha, saṅghe vase rakkhitatto satīmā’’ti. –

Gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi.

Tattha sussūsāti sotabbayuttassa sabbasutassa sotumicchā, garusannivāsopi. Diṭṭhadhammikādibhedañhi atthaṃ sotumicchantena kalyāṇamitte upasaṅkamitvā vattakaraṇena payirupāsitvā yadā te payirupāsanāya ārādhitacittā kañci upanisīditukāmā honti, atha ne upanisīditvā adhigatāya sotumicchāya ohitasotena sotabbaṃ hotīti garusannivāsopi sussūsāhetutāya ‘‘sussūsā’’ti vuccati. Sā panāyaṃ sussūsā saccapaṭiccasamuppādādipaṭisaṃyuttaṃ sutaṃ taṃsamaṅgino puggalassa vaḍḍheti brūhetīti sutavaddhanī, bāhusaccakārīti attho. Sutaṃ paññāya vaddhananti yaṃ taṃ ‘‘sutadharo sutasannicayo’’ti (ma. ni. 1.339; a. ni. 4.22) ‘‘idhekaccassa bahukaṃ sutaṃ hoti suttaṃ geyyaṃ veyyākaraṇa’’nti (a. ni. 4.6) ca evamādinā nayena vuttaṃ bāhusaccaṃ, taṃ akusalappahānakusalādhigamanahetubhūtaṃ paññaṃ vaddhetīti sutaṃ paññāya vaddhanaṃ, vuttañhetaṃ bhagavatā –

‘‘Sutāvudho kho, bhikkhave, ariyasāvako akusalaṃ pajahati, kusalaṃ bhāveti, sāvajjaṃ pajahati, anavajjaṃ bhāveti, suddhaṃ attānaṃ pariharatī’’ti (a. ni. 7.67).

Paññāya atthaṃ jānātīti bahussuto sutamayañāṇe ṭhito taṃ paṭipattiṃ paṭipajjanto sutānusārena atthūpaparikkhāya dhammanijjhānena bhāvanāya ca lokiyalokuttarabhedaṃ diṭṭhadhammādivibhāgaṃ dukkhādivibhāgañca atthaṃ yathābhūtaṃ pajānāti ca paṭivijjhati ca, tenāha bhagavā –

‘‘Sutassa yathāpariyattassa atthamaññāya dhammamaññāya dhammānudhammappaṭipanno hotī’’ti (a. ni. 4.6).

‘‘Dhatānaṃ dhammānaṃ atthaṃ upaparikkhati, atthaṃ upaparikkhato dhammā nijjhānaṃ khamanti, dhammanijjhānakkhantiyā sati chando jāyati, chandajāto ussahati, ussahitvā tuleti, tulayitvā padahati, pahitatto samāno kāyena ceva paramasaccaṃ sacchikaroti, paññāya ca naṃ ativijjha passatī’’ti (ma. ni. 2.432) ca.

Ñāto attho sukhāvahoti yathāvutto diṭṭhadhammikādiattho ceva dukkhādiattho ca yāthāvato ñāto adhigato lokiyalokuttarabhedaṃ sukhaṃ āvahati nipphādetīti attho.

Ṭhitāya bhāvanāpaññāya sutamatteneva na sijjhatīti tassā paṭipajjanavidhiṃ dassento ‘‘sevetha…pe…vippamokkha’’nti āha. Tattha sevetha pantāni senāsanānīti kāyavivekamāha. Tena saṃyojanappahānassa ca vakkhamānattā vivekārahasseva vivekavāsoti sīlasaṃvarādayo idha avuttasiddhā veditabbā. Careyya saṃyojanavippamokkhanti yathā saṃyojanehi cittaṃ vippamuccati, tathā vipassanābhāvanaṃ maggabhāvanañca careyya paṭipajjeyyāti attho. Sace ratiṃ nādhigaccheyya tatthāti tesu pantasenāsanesu yathāladdhesu adhikusaladhammesu ca ratiṃ pubbenāparaṃ visesassa alābhato abhiratiṃ na labheyya, saṅghe bhikkhusamūhe rakkhitatto kammaṭṭhānaparigaṇhanato rakkhitacitto chasu dvāresu satiārakkhāya upaṭṭhapanena satimā vaseyya vihareyya, evaṃ viharantassa ca api nāma saṃyojanavippamokkho bhaveyyāti adhippāyo.

Mahācundattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.