13. Kusanāḷivaggo

[121] 1. Kusanāḷijātakavaṇṇanā

Karesarikkhoti idaṃ satthā jetavane viharanto anāthapiṇḍikassa mittaṃ ārabbha kathesi. Anāthapiṇḍikassa hi mittasuhajjañātibandhavā ekato hutvā ‘‘mahāseṭṭhi ayaṃ tayā jātigottadhanadhaññādīhi neva sadiso, na uttaritaro, kasmā etena saddhiṃ santhavaṃ karosi, mā karohī’’ti punappunaṃ nivāresuṃ. Anāthapiṇḍiko pana ‘‘mittasanthavo nāma hīnehipi samehipi atirekehipi kattabboyevā’’ti tesaṃ vacanaṃ aggahetvā bhogagāmaṃ gacchanto taṃ kuṭumbarakkhakaṃ katvā agamāsīti sabbaṃ kāḷakaṇṇivatthusmiṃ vuttanayeneva veditabbaṃ. Idha pana anāthapiṇḍikena attano ghare pavattiyā ārocitāya satthā ‘‘gahapati, mitto nāma khuddako natthi, mittadhammaṃ rakkhituṃ samatthabhāvovettha pamāṇaṃ, mitto nāma attanā samopi hīnopi seṭṭhopi gahetabbo. Sabbepi hete attano pattabhāraṃ nittharantiyeva, idāni tāva tvaṃ attano nīcamittaṃ nissāya kuṭumbassa sāmiko jāto, porāṇā pana nīcamittaṃ nissāya vimānasāmikā jātā’’ti vatvā tena yācito atītaṃ āhari.

Atīte bārāṇasiyaṃ brahmadatte rajjaṃ kārente bodhisatto rañño uyyāne kusanāḷigacche devatā hutvā nibbatti. Tasmiṃyeva ca uyyāne maṅgalasilaṃ nissāya ujugatakkhandho parimaṇḍalasākhāviṭapasampanno rañño santikā laddhasammāno rucamaṅgalarukkho atthi, ‘‘mukhako’’tipi vuccati. Tasmiṃ eko mahesakkho devarājā nibbatti. Bodhisattassa tena saddhiṃ mittasanthavo ahosi. Tadā rājā ekasmiṃ ekatthambhake pāsāde vasati, tassa so thambho cali. Athassa calitabhāvaṃ rañño ārocesuṃ. Rājā vaḍḍhakī pakkosāpetvā ‘‘tātā, mama ekatthambhakassa maṅgalapāsādassa thambho calito, ekaṃ sāratthambhaṃ āharitvā taṃ niccalaṃ karothā’’ti āha. Te ‘‘sādhu, devā’’ti rañño vacanaṃ sampaṭicchitvā tadanucchavikaṃ rukkhaṃ pariyesamānā aññattha adisvā uyyānaṃ pavisitvā taṃ mukhakarukkhaṃ disvā rañño santikaṃ gantvā ‘‘kiṃ, tātā, diṭṭho vo tadanucchaviko rukkho’’ti vutte ‘‘diṭṭho, deva, apica taṃ chindituṃ na visahāmā’’ti āhaṃsu. ‘‘Kiṃkāraṇā’’ti? Mayañhi aññattha rukkhaṃ apassantā uyyānaṃ pavisimha, tatrapi ṭhapetvā maṅgalarukkhaṃ aññaṃ na passāma. Iti naṃ maṅgalarukkhatāya chindituṃ na visahāmāti. Gacchatha, taṃ chinditvā pāsādaṃ thiraṃ karotha, mayaṃ aññaṃ maṅgalarukkhaṃ karissāmāti. Te ‘‘sādhū’’ti balikammaṃ gahetvā uyyānaṃ gantvā ‘‘sve chindissāmā’’ti rukkhassa balikammaṃ katvā nikkhamiṃsu.

Rukkhadevatā taṃ kāraṇaṃ ñatvā ‘‘sve mayhaṃ vimānaṃ nāsessanti, dārake gahetvā kuhiṃ gamissāmī’’ti gantabbaṭṭhānaṃ apassantī puttake gīvāya gahetvā parodi. Tassā sandiṭṭhasambhattā rukkhadevatā āgantvā ‘‘kiṃ eta’’nti pucchitvā taṃ kāraṇaṃ sutvā sayampi vaḍḍhakīnaṃ paṭikkamanūpāyaṃ apassantiyo taṃ parissajitvā rodituṃ ārabhiṃsu. Tasmiṃ samaye bodhisatto ‘‘rukkhadevataṃ passissāmī’’ti tattha gantvā taṃ kāraṇaṃ sutvā ‘‘hotu, mā cintayittha, ahaṃ rukkhaṃ chindituṃ na dassāmi, sve vaḍḍhakīnaṃ āgatakāle mama kāraṇaṃ passathā’’ti tā devatā samassāsetvā punadivase vaḍḍhakīnaṃ āgatavelāya kakaṇṭakavesaṃ gahetvā vaḍḍhakīnaṃ purato gantvā maṅgalarukkhassa mūlantaraṃ pavisitvā taṃ rukkhaṃ susiraṃ viya katvā rukkhamajjhena abhiruhitvā khandhamatthakena nikkhamitvā sīsaṃ kampayamāno nipajji. Mahāvaḍḍhakī taṃ kakaṇṭakaṃ disvā rukkhaṃ hatthena paharitvā ‘‘susirarukkho eso nissāro, hiyyo anupadhāretvāva balikammaṃ karimhā’’ti ekaghanaṃ mahārukkhaṃ garahitvā pakkāmi. Rukkhadevatā bodhisattaṃ nissāya vimānassa sāminī jātā.

Tassā paṭisanthāratthāya sandiṭṭhasambhattā bahū devatā sannipatiṃsu. Rukkhadevatā ‘‘vimānaṃ me laddha’’nti tuṭṭhacittā tāsaṃ devatānaṃ majjhe bodhisattassa guṇaṃ kathayamānā ‘‘bho, devatā, mayaṃ mahesakkhā hutvāpi dandhapaññatāya imaṃ upāyaṃ na jānimha, kusanāḷidevatā pana attano ñāṇasampattiyā amhe vimānasāmike akāsi, mitto nāma sadisopi adhikopi hīnopi kattabbova. Sabbepi hi attano thāmena sahāyakānaṃ uppannaṃ dukkhaṃ nittharitvā sukhe patiṭṭhāpentiyevā’’ti mittadhammaṃ vaṇṇetvā imaṃ gāthamāha –

121.

‘‘Kare sarikkho atha vāpi seṭṭho, nihīnako vāpi kareyya eko;

Kareyyumete byasane uttamatthaṃ, yathā ahaṃ kusanāḷi rucāya’’nti.

Tattha kare sarikkhoti jātiādīhi sadisopi mittadhammaṃ kareyya. Atha vāpi seṭṭhoti jātiādīhi adhikopi kareyya. Nihīnako vāpi kareyya ekoti eko jātiādīhi hīnopi mittadhammaṃ kareyya. Tasmā sabbepi ete mittā kātabbāyevāti dīpeti. Kiṃkāraṇā? Kareyyumetebyasane uttamatthanti sabbepete sahāyassa byasane uppanne attano attano pattabhāraṃ vahamānā uttamatthaṃ kareyyuṃ, kāyikacetasikadukkhato taṃ sahāyakaṃ moceyyumevāti attho. Tasmā hīnopi mitto kātabboyeva, pageva itare. Tatridaṃ opammaṃ – yathā ahaṃ kusanāḷi rucāyanti, yathā ahaṃ rucāyaṃ nibbattadevatā ayañca kusanāḷidevatā, appesakkhāpi mittasanthavaṃ karimha, tatrapāhaṃ mahesakkhāpi samānā attano uppannadukkhaṃ bālatāya anupāyakusalatāya harituṃ nāsakkhiṃ, imaṃ pana appesakkhampi samānaṃ paṇḍitadevataṃ nissāya dukkhato muttomhi. Tasmā aññehipi dukkhā muccitukāmehi samavisiṭṭhabhāvaṃ anoloketvā hīnopi paṇḍito mitto kātabboti.

Rucādevatā imāya gāthāya devasaṅghassa dhammaṃ desetvā yāvatāyukaṃ ṭhatvā saddhiṃ kusanāḷidevatāya yathākammaṃ gatā.

Satthā imaṃ dhammadesanaṃ āharitvā jātakaṃ samodhānesi – ‘‘tadā rucādevatā ānando ahosi, kusanāḷidevatā pana ahameva ahosi’’nti.

Kusanāḷijātakavaṇṇanā paṭhamā.