3. Candūpamasuttavaṇṇanā

146. Tatiye candūpamāti candasadisā hutvā. Kiṃ parimaṇḍalatāya? No, apica kho yathā cando gaganatalaṃ pakkhandamāno na kenaci saddhiṃ santhavaṃ vā sinehaṃ vā ālayaṃ vā nikantiṃ vā patthanaṃ vā pariyuṭṭhānaṃ vā karoti, na ca na hoti mahājanassa piyo manāpo, tumhepi evaṃ kenaci saddhiṃ santhavādīnaṃ akaraṇena bahujanassa piyā manāpā candūpamā hutvā khattiyakulādīni cattāri kulāni upasaṅkamathāti attho. Apica yathā cando andhakāraṃ vidhamati, ālokaṃ pharati, evaṃ kilesandhakāravidhamanena ñāṇālokapharaṇena cāpi candūpamā hutvāti evamādīhipi nayehi ettha attho daṭṭhabbo.

Apakasseva kāyaṃ apakassa cittanti teneva santhavādīnaṃ akaraṇena kāyañca cittañca apakassitvā, apanetvāti attho. Yo hi bhikkhu araññepi na vasati, kāmavitakkādayopi vitakketi, ayaṃ neva kāyaṃ apakassati, na cittaṃ. Yo hi araññepi kho viharati, kāmavitakkādayo pana vitakketi, ayaṃ kāyameva apakassati, na cittaṃ. Yo gāmante vasati , kāmavitakkādayopi kho na ca vitakketi, ayaṃ cittameva apakassati, na kāyaṃ. Yo pana araññe ceva vasati, kāmavitakkādayo ca na vitakketi, ayaṃ ubhayampi apakassati. Evarūpā hutvā kulāni upasaṅkamathāti dīpento ‘‘apakasseva kāyaṃ apakassa citta’’nti āha.

Niccanavakāti niccaṃ navakāva, āgantukasadisā eva hutvāti attho. Āgantuko hi paṭipāṭiyā sampattagehaṃ pavisitvā sace naṃ gharasāmikā disvā, ‘‘amhākaṃ puttabhātaro vippavāsaṃ gatā evaṃ vicariṃsū’’ti anukampamānā nisīdāpetvā bhojenti, bhuttamattoyeva ‘‘tumhākaṃ bhājanaṃ gaṇhathā’’ti uṭṭhāya pakkamati, na tehi saddhiṃ santhavaṃ vā karoti, na kiccakaraṇīyāni vā saṃvidahati, evaṃ tumhepi paṭipāṭiyā sampattagharaṃ pavisitvā yaṃ iriyāpathesu pasannā manussā denti, taṃ gahetvā chinnasanthavā, tesaṃ kiccakaraṇīye abyāvaṭā hutvā nikkhamathāti dīpeti.

Imassa pana niccanavakabhāvassa āvibhāvatthaṃ dvebhātikavatthu kathetabbaṃ – vasāḷanagaragāmato kira dve bhātikā nikkhamitvā pabbajitā, te cūḷanāgatthero ca mahānāgatthero cāti paññāyiṃsu. Te cittalapabbate tiṃsa vassāni vasitvā arahattaṃ pattā ‘‘mātaraṃ passissāmā’’ti āgantvā vasāḷanagaravihāre vasitvā punadivase mātugāmaṃ piṇḍāya pavisiṃsu. Mātāpi tesaṃ uḷuṅkena yāguṃ nīharitvā ekassa patte ākiri. Tassā taṃ olokayamānāya puttasineho uppajji. Atha naṃ āha – ‘‘tvaṃ, tāta, mayhaṃ putto mahānāgo’’ti. Thero ‘‘pacchimaṃ theraṃ puccha upāsike’’ti vatvā pakkāmi. Pacchimatherassapi yāguṃ datvā, ‘‘tāta, tvaṃ mayhaṃ putto cūḷanāgo’’ti pucchi? Thero ‘‘kiṃ, upāsike, purimaṃ theraṃ na pucchasī’’ti? Vatvā pakkāmi. Evaṃ mātarāpi saddhiṃ chinnasanthavo bhikkhu niccanavako nāma hoti.

Appagabbhāti na pagabbhā, aṭṭhaṭṭhānena kāyapāgabbhiyena, catuṭṭhānena vacīpāgabbhiyena, anekaṭṭhānena manopāgabbhiyena ca virahitāti attho. Aṭṭhaṭṭhānaṃ kāyapāgabbhiyaṃ nāma saṅghagaṇapuggala-bhojanasālā-jantāgharanahānatittha-bhikkhācāramagga-antaragharappavesanesu kāyena appatirūpakaraṇaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ – idhekacco saṅghamajjhe pallatthikāya vā nisīdati pāde pādaṃ ādhāyitvā vāti evamādi (mahāni. 165). Tathā gaṇamajjhe. Gaṇamajjheti catuparisasannipāte vā suttantikagaṇādisannipāte vā. Tathā vuḍḍhatare puggale. Bhojanasālāya pana vuḍḍhānaṃ āsanaṃ na deti, navānaṃ āsanaṃ paṭibāhati. Tathā jantāghare. Vuḍḍhe cettha anāpucchā aggijalanādīni karoti. Nhānatitthe ca yadidaṃ ‘‘daharo vuḍḍhoti pamāṇaṃ akatvā āgatapaṭipāṭiyā nhāyitabba’’nti vuttaṃ, tampi anādiyanto pacchā āgantvā udakaṃ otaritvā vuḍḍhe ca nave ca bādhati. Bhikkhācāramagge pana aggāsanaaggodakaaggapiṇḍānaṃ atthāya purato gacchati bāhāya bāhaṃ paharanto. Antaragharappavesane vuḍḍhehi paṭhamataraṃ pavisati, daharehi saddhiṃ kāyakīḷanakaṃ karotīti evamādi.

Catuṭṭhānaṃ vacīpāgabbhiyaṃ nāma saṅghagaṇapuggalaantaragharesu appatirūpavācānicchāraṇaṃ. Seyyathidaṃ – idhekacco saṅghamajjhe anāpucchā dhammaṃ bhāsati. Tathā pubbe vuttappakārassa gaṇassa majjhe puggalassa ca santike, tattheva manussehi pañhaṃ puṭṭho vuḍḍhataraṃ anāpucchā vissajjeti. Antaraghare pana ‘‘itthannāme kiṃ atthi? Kiṃ yāgu, udāhu khādanīyaṃ bhojanīyaṃ? Kiṃ me dassasi? Kiṃ ajja khādissāma? Kiṃ bhuñjissāma? Kiṃ pivissāmā’’tiādīni bhāsati.

Anekaṭṭhānaṃ manopāgabbhiyaṃ nāma tesu tesu ṭhānesu kāyavācāhi ajjhācāraṃ anāpajjitvāpi manasāva kāmavitakkādīnaṃ vitakkanaṃ. Apica dussīlasseva sato ‘‘sīlavāti maṃ jano jānātū’’ti evaṃ pavattā pāpicchatāpi manopāgabbhiyaṃ. Iti sabbesampi imesaṃ pāgabbhiyānaṃ abhāvena appagabbhā hutvā upasaṅkamathāti vadati.

Jarudapānanti jiṇṇakūpaṃ. Pabbatavisamanti pabbate visamaṃ papātaṭṭhānaṃ. Nadīvidugganti nadiyā viduggaṃ chinnataṭaṭṭhānaṃ. Apakasseva kāyanti tādisāni ṭhānāni yo khiḍḍādipasuto kāyaṃ anapakassa ekatobhāriyaṃ akatvāva vāyupatthambhakaṃ aggāhāpetvā cittampi anapakassa ‘‘ettha patito hatthapādabhañjanādīni pāpuṇātī’’ti anādīnavadassāvitāya anubbejetvā sampiyāyamāno oloketi, so patitvā hatthapādabhañjanādianatthaṃ pāpuṇāti. Yo pana udakatthiko vā aññena vā kenaci kiccena oloketukāmo kāyaṃ apakassa ekato bhāriyaṃ katvā vāyupatthambhakaṃ gāhāpetvā, cittampi apakassa ādīnavadassanena saṃvejetvā oloketi, so na patati, yathāruciṃ oloketvā sukhī yenakāmaṃ pakkamati.

Evamevakhoti ettha idaṃ opammasaṃsandanaṃ – jarudapānādayo viya hi cattāri kulāni, olokanapuriso viya bhikkhu. Yathā anapakaṭṭhakāyacitto tāni olokento puriso tattha patati, evaṃ arakkhitehi kāyādīhi kulāni upasaṅkamanto bhikkhu kulesu bajjhati, tato nānappakāraṃ sīlapādabhañjanādianatthaṃ pāpuṇāti. Yathā pana apakaṭṭhakāyacitto puriso tattha na patati, evaṃ rakkhiteneva kāyena rakkhitehi cittehi rakkhitāya vācāya suppaṭṭhitāya satiyā apakaṭṭhakāyacitto hutvā kulāni upasaṅkamanto bhikkhu kulesu na bajjhati. Athassa yathā tattha apatitassa purisassa, na pādā bhañjanti, evaṃ sīlapādo na bhijjati. Yathā hatthā na bhañjanti, evaṃ saddhāhattho na bhijjati. Yathā kucchi na bhijjati, evaṃ samādhikucchi na bhijjati. Yathā sīsaṃ na bhijjati, evaṃ ñāṇasīsaṃ na bhijjati, yathā ca taṃ khāṇukaṇṭakādayo na vijjhanti, evamimaṃ rāgakaṇṭakādayo na vijjhanti. Yathā so nirupaddavo yathāruci oloketvā sukhī yenakāmaṃ pakkamati, evaṃ bhikkhu kulāni nissāya cīvarādayo paccaye paṭisevanto kammaṭṭhānaṃ vaḍḍhetvā saṅkhāre sammasanto arahattaṃ patvā lokuttarasukhena sukhito yenakāmaṃ agatapubbaṃ nibbānadisaṃ gacchati.

Idāni yo hīnādhimuttiko micchāpaṭipanno evaṃ vadeyya ‘‘sammāsambuddho ‘tividhaṃ pāgabbhiyaṃ pahāya niccanavakattena candūpamā kulāni upasaṅkamathā’ti vadanto aṭṭhāne ṭhapeti, asayhaṃ bhāraṃ āropeti, yaṃ na sakkā kātuṃ taṃ kāretī’’ti, tassa vādapathaṃ pacchinditvā, ‘‘sakkā evaṃ kātuṃ, atthi evarūpo bhikkhū’’ti dassento kassapo, bhikkhavetiādimāha.

Ākāse pāṇiṃ cālesīti nīle gaganantare yamakavijjutaṃ cārayamāno viya heṭṭhābhāgaṃ uparibhāgaṃ ubhatopassesu pāṇiṃ sañcāresi. Idañca pana tepiṭake buddhavacane asambhinnapadaṃ nāma. Attamanoti tuṭṭhacitto sakamano, na domanassena pacchinditvā gahitamano. Kassapassa, bhikkhaveti idampi purimanayeneva paravādaṃ pacchinditvā atthi evarūpo bhikkhūti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ.

Pasannākāraṃkareyyunti cīvarādayo paccaye dadeyyuṃ. Tathattāya paṭipajjeyyunti sīlassa āgataṭṭhāne sīlaṃ pūrayamānā, samādhivipassanā maggaphalānaṃ āgataṭṭhāne tāni tāni sampādayamānā tathābhāvāya paṭipajjeyyuṃ. Anudayanti rakkhaṇabhāvaṃ. Anukampanti muducittataṃ. Ubhayañcetaṃ kāruññasseva vevacanaṃ. Kassapo, bhikkhaveti idampi purimanayeneva paravādaṃ pacchinditvā atthi evarūpo bhikkhūti dassanatthaṃ vuttaṃ. Kassapena vāti ettha candopamādivasena yojanaṃ katvā purimanayeneva attho veditabbo. Tatiyaṃ.