2. Cakkavattisuttavaṇṇanā

223. Dutiye rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissāti ettha attano sirisampattiyā rājati, catūhi vā saṅgahavatthūhi lokaṃ rañjetīti rājā, tassa rañño. ‘‘Pavattatu bhavaṃ cakkaratana’’nti puññānubhāvena abbhuggatāya vācāya codento cakkaṃ vattetīti cakkavattī, tassa cakkavattissa. Pātubhāvāti pātubhāvena. Sattannanti gaṇanaparicchedo. Ratanānanti paricchinnaatthadassanaṃ. Vacanattho panettha ratijananaṭṭhena ratanaṃ. Apica –

‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;

Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti.

Cakkaratanassa ca nibbattakālato paṭṭhāya aññaṃ devaṭṭhānaṃ nāma na hoti, sabbeva gandhapupphādīhi tasseva pūjañca abhivādanādīni ca karontīti cittīkataṭṭhena ratanaṃ. Cakkaratanassa ca ‘‘ettakaṃ nāma dhanaṃ agghatī’’ti aggho natthi, iti mahagghaṭṭhenāpi ratanaṃ. Cakkaratanañca aññehi loke vijjamānaratanehi asadisanti atulaṭṭhena ratanaṃ. Yasmā pana yasmiṃ kappe buddhā uppajjanti , tasmiṃyeva cakkavattino, buddhā ca kadāci karahaci uppajjanti, tasmā dullabhadassanaṭṭhena ratanaṃ. Tadetaṃ jātirūpakulaissariyādīhi anomassa uḷārasattasseva uppajjati, na aññassāti anomasattaparibhogaṭṭhenāpi ratanaṃ. Yathā ca cakkaratanaṃ, evaṃ sesānipīti. Tena vuttaṃ –

‘‘Cittīkataṃ mahagghañca, atulaṃ dullabhadassanaṃ;

Anomasattaparibhogaṃ, ratanaṃ tena vuccatī’’ti.

Pātubhāvo hotīti nibbatti hoti. Tatrāyaṃ yojanā – cakkavattissa pātubhāvā sattannaṃ ratanānaṃ pātubhāvoti ayuttaṃ. Uppannañhi cakkaṃ vattetvā so cakkavattī nāma hotīti nāyuttaṃ. Kasmā? Cakkavattananiyamāpekkhatāya. Yo hi niyamena cakkaṃ vattessati, so paṭisandhito pabhuti ‘‘cakkavatti pātubhūto’’ti vattabbataṃ āpajjati. Laddhanāmassa ca purisassa mūluppattivacanatopi yuttamevetaṃ. Yo hi esa cakkavattīti laddhanāmo sattaviseso, tassa paṭisandhisaṅkhāto pātubhāvoti ayamettha attho. Tassa hi pātubhāvā ratanāni pātubhavanti. Pātubhūtehi pana tehi saddhiṃ paripakke puññasambhāre so saṃyujjati, tadā lokassa tesu pātubhāvacittaṃ uppajjati. Bahulavacanato cāpi yuttamevetaṃ. Yadā hi lokassa tesu pātubhāvasaññā uppajjati, tadā ekameva paṭhamaṃ, pacchā itarāni cha pātubhavantīti bahulavacanato cāpi etaṃ yuttaṃ. Pātubhāvassa ca atthabhedatopi yuttamevetaṃ. Na kevalañhi pātubhūtameva pātubhāvo, pātubhāvayatīti pātubhāvo. Ayaṃ pātubhāvassa atthabhedo. Yasmā yo so puññasambhāro rājānaṃ cakkavattiṃ paṭisandhivasena pātubhāvayati, tasmā rañño cakkavattissa pātubhāvā. Na kevalañhi cakkavattiyeva, imāni pana satta ratanānipi pātubhavantīti ayamettha attho. Yatheva hi so puññasambhāro rañño janakahetu, evaṃ ratanānampi pariyāyena upanissayahetūti yuttamevetaṃ ‘‘rañño, bhikkhave, cakkavattissa pātubhāvā sattannaṃ ratanānaṃ pātubhāvo hotī’’ti.

Idāni tesaṃ ratanānaṃ sarūpavasena dassanatthaṃ katamesaṃ sattannaṃ cakkaratanassātiādimāha. Tattha cakkaratanassātiādīsu ayaṃ saṅkhepādhippāyo – dvisahassadīpaparivārānaṃ catunnaṃ mahādīpānaṃ sirivibhavaṃ gahetvā dātuṃ samatthassa cakkaratanassa pātubhāvo hoti, tathā purebhattameva sāgarapariyantaṃ pathaviṃ anupariyāyanasamatthassa vehāsaṅgamassa hatthiratanassa, tādisasseva assaratanassa, caturaṅgasamannāgatepi andhakāre yojanappamāṇaṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamitvā ālokadassanasamatthassa maṇiratanassa, chabbidhaṃ dosaṃ vivajjetvā manāpacārino itthiratanassa, yojanappamāṇe padese antopathavigatānaṃ nidhīnaṃ dassanasamatthassa gahapatiratanassa, aggamahesiyā kucchimhi nibbattitvā sakalarajjānusāsanasamatthassa jeṭṭhaputtasaṅkhātassa pariṇāyakaratanassa ca pātubhāvo hotīti . Ayamettha saṅkhepo. Vitthārato pana tesaṃ cakkaratanādīnaṃ pātubhāvavidhānaṃ mahāsudassanādīsu suttesu āgatameva. Atthopissa tesaṃ vaṇṇanāya saṃvaṇṇitoyeva.

Satisambojjhaṅgaratanassātiādīsu sarikkhakatā evaṃ veditabbā – yatheva hi cakkavattino cakkaratanaṃ sabbaratanānaṃ purecaraṃ, evaṃ satisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ sabbesaṃ catubhūmakadhammānaṃ purecaranti, purecaraṇaṭṭhena cakkavattirañño cakkaratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino ca ratanesu mahākāyūpapannaṃ accuggataṃ vipulaṃ mahantaṃ hatthiratanaṃ, idampi dhammavicayasambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ mahantaṃ dhammakāyūpapannaṃ accuggataṃ vipulaṃ mahantanti hatthiratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino assaratanaṃ sīghaṃ lahu javaṃ, idampi vīriyasambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ sīghaṃ lahu javanti imāya sīghalahujavatāya assaratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino maṇiratanaṃ andhakāraṃ vidhamati, ālokaṃ dasseti, idampi pītisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ tāya ekantakusalattā kilesandhakāraṃ vidhamati, sahajātapaccayādivasena ñāṇālokaṃ dassetīti iminā andhakāravidhamanaālokadassanabhāvena maṇiratanasadisaṃ hoti.

Cakkavattino itthiratanaṃ kāyacittadarathaṃ paṭipassambheti, pariḷāhaṃ vūpasameti. Idampi passaddhisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ kāyacittadarathaṃ paṭipassambheti, pariḷāhaṃ vūpasametīti itthiratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino gahapatiratanaṃ icchiticchitakkhaṇe dhanadānena vikkhepaṃ pacchinditvā cittaṃ ekaggaṃ karoti, idampi samādhisambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ yathicchitādivasena appanaṃ sampādeti, vikkhepaṃ pacchinditvā cittaṃ ekaggaṃ karotīti gahapatiratanasadisaṃ hoti. Cakkavattino ca pariṇāyakaratanaṃ sabbatthakiccasampādanena appossukkataṃ karoti. Idampi upekkhāsambojjhaṅgaratanaṃ cittuppādaṃ līnuddhaccato mocetvā payogamajjhatte ṭhapayamānaṃ appossukkataṃ karotīti pariṇāyakaratanasadisaṃ hoti. Iti imasmiṃ sutte catubhūmako sabbasaṅgāhikadhammaparicchedo kathitoti veditabbo.