5. Attanipātanapañho

5. ‘‘Bhante nāgasena, bhāsitampetaṃ bhagavatā ‘na, bhikkhave, attānaṃ pātetabbaṃ, yo pāteyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’ti. Puna ca tumhe bhaṇatha ‘yattha katthaci bhagavā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ desayamāno anekapariyāyena jātiyā jarāya byādhino maraṇassa samucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, yo hi koci jātijarābyādhimaraṇaṃ samatikkamati, taṃ paramāya pasaṃsāya pasaṃsatī’ti. Yadi, bhante nāgasena, bhagavatā bhaṇitaṃ ‘na, bhikkhave, attānaṃ pātetabbaṃ, yo pāteyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’ti, tena hi ‘jātiyā jarāya byādhino maraṇassa samucchedāya dhammaṃ desetī’ti yaṃ vacanaṃ, taṃ micchā. Yadi jātiyā jarāya byādhino maraṇassa samucchedāya dhammaṃ deseti, tena hi ‘na, bhikkhave, attānaṃ pātetabbaṃ, yo pāteyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’’ti tampi vacanaṃ micchā. Ayampi ubhato koṭiko pañho tavānuppatto, so tayā nibbāhitabbo’’ti.

‘‘Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, bhagavatā ‘na, bhikkhave, attānaṃ pātetabbaṃ, yo pāteyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’ti. Yattha katthaci bhagavatā sāvakānaṃ dhammaṃ desayāmānena ca anekapariyāyena jātiyā jarāya byādhino maraṇassa samucchedāya dhammo desito, tattha pana kāraṇaṃ atthi, yena bhagavā kāraṇena paṭikkhipi samādapesi cā’’ti.

‘‘Kiṃ panettha, bhante nāgasena, kāraṇaṃ, yena bhagavā kāraṇena paṭikkhipi samādapesi cā’’ti? ‘‘Sīlavā, mahārāja, sīlasampanno agadasamo sattānaṃ kilesavisavināsane, osadhasamo sattānaṃ kilesabyādhivūpasame, udakasamo sattānaṃ kilesarajojallāpaharaṇe, maṇiratanasamo sattānaṃ sabbasampattidāne, nāvāsamo sattānaṃ caturoghapāragamane, satthavāhasamo sattānaṃ jātikantāratāraṇe, vātasamo sattānaṃ tividhaggisantāpanibbāpane, mahāmeghasamo sattānaṃ mānasaparipūraṇe, ācariyasamo sattānaṃ kusalasikkhāpane, sudesakasamo sattānaṃ khemapathamācikkhaṇe. Evarūpo, mahārāja, bahuguṇo anekaguṇo appamāṇaguṇo guṇarāsi guṇapuñjo sattānaṃ vaḍḍhikaro sīlavā ‘mā vinassī’ti sattānaṃ anukampāya bhagavā sikkhāpadaṃ paññapesi ‘na, bhikkhave, attānaṃ pātetabbaṃ, yo pāteyya, yathādhammo kāretabbo’ti. Idamettha, mahārāja, kāraṇaṃ, yena kāraṇena bhagavā paṭikkhipi. Bhāsitampetaṃ, mahārāja, therena kumārakassapena vicitrakathikena pāyāsirājaññassa paralokaṃ dīpayamānena ‘yathā yathā kho rājañña samaṇabrāhmaṇā sīlavanto kalyāṇadhammā ciraṃ dīghamaddhānaṃ tiṭṭhanti, tathā tathā bahuṃ puññaṃ pasavanti, bahujanahitāya ca paṭipajjanti bahujanasukhāya lokānukampāya atthāya hitāya sukhāya devamanussāna’nti.

‘‘Kena pana kāraṇena bhagavā samādapesi? Jātipi, mahārāja, dukkhā, jarāpi dukkhā, byādhipi dukkho, maraṇampi dukkhaṃ, sokopi dukkho, paridevopi dukkho, dukkhampi dukkhaṃ, domanassampi dukkhaṃ, upāyāsopi dukkho, appiyehi sampayogopi dukkho, piyehi vippayogopi dukkho, mātumaraṇampi dukkhaṃ, pitumaraṇampi dukkhaṃ, bhātumaraṇampi dukkhaṃ, bhaginimaraṇampi dukkhaṃ, puttamaraṇampi dukkhaṃ, dāramaraṇampi dukkhaṃ, dāsamaraṇampi dukkhaṃ ², ñātimaraṇampi dukkhaṃ, ñātibyasanampi dukkhaṃ, rogabyasanampi dukkhaṃ, bhogabyasanampi dukkhaṃ, sīlabyasanampi dukkhaṃ, diṭṭhibyasanampi dukkhaṃ, rājabhayampi dukkhaṃ, corabhayampi dukkhaṃ, veribhayampi dukkhaṃ, dubbhikkhabhayampi dukkhaṃ, aggibhayampi dukkhaṃ, udakabhayampi dukkhaṃ, ūmibhayampi dukkhaṃ, āvaṭṭabhayampi dukkhaṃ, kumbhīlabhayampi dukkhaṃ, susukābhayampi dukkhaṃ, attānuvādabhayampi dukkhaṃ, parānuvādabhayampi dukkhaṃ, daṇḍabhayampi dukkhaṃ, duggatibhayampi dukkhaṃ, parisāsārajjabhayampi dukkhaṃ, ājīvakabhayampi dukkhaṃ, maraṇabhayampi dukkhaṃ, vettehi tāḷanampi dukkhaṃ, kasāhi tāḷanampi dukkhaṃ, addhadaṇḍakehi tāḷanampi dukkhaṃ, hatthacchedanampi dukkhaṃ, pādacchedanampi dukkhaṃ, hatthapādacchedanampi dukkhaṃ, kaṇṇacchedanampi dukkhaṃ, nāsacchedanampi dukkhaṃ, kaṇṇanāsacchedanampi dukkhaṃ, bilaṅgathālikampi dukkhaṃ, saṅkhamuṇḍikampi dukkhaṃ, rāhumukhampi dukkhaṃ, jotimālikampi dukkhaṃ, hatthapajjotikampi dukkhaṃ, erakavattikampi dukkhaṃ, cīrakavāsikampi dukkhaṃ, eṇeyyakampi dukkhaṃ , baḷisamaṃsikampi dukkhaṃ, kahāpaṇikampi dukkhaṃ, khārāpatacchikampi dukkhaṃ, palighaparivattikampi dukkhaṃ, palālapīṭhakampi dukkhaṃ, tattena telena osiñcanampi dukkhaṃ, sunakhehi khādāpanampi dukkhaṃ, jīvasūlāropanampi dukkhaṃ, asinā sīsacchedanampi dukkhaṃ, evarūpāni, mahārāja, bahuvidhāni anekavidhāni dukkhāni saṃsāragato anubhavati.

‘‘Yathā, mahārāja, himavantapabbate abhivuṭṭhaṃ udakaṃ gaṅgāya nadiyā pāsāṇa sakkhara khara marumba āvaṭṭa gaggalaka ūmikavaṅkacadika āvaraṇanīvaraṇamūlakasākhāsu pariyottharati, evameva kho, mahārāja, evarūpāni bahuvidhāni anekavidhāni dukkhāni saṃsāragato anubhavati. Pavattaṃ, mahārāja, dukkhaṃ, appavattaṃ sukhaṃ. Appavattassa guṇaṃ pavattassa ⁴ ca bhayaṃ dīpayamāno, mahārāja, bhagavā appavattassa sacchikiriyāya jātijarābyādhimaraṇasamatikkamāya samādapesi, idamettha, mahārāja, kāraṇaṃ, yena kāraṇena bhagavā samādapesī’’ti. ‘‘Sādhu, bhante nāgasena, sunibbeṭhito pañho, sukathitaṃ kāraṇaṃ, evametaṃ tathā sampaṭicchāmī’’ti.

Attanipātanapañho pañcamo.