3. Sobhitattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Satimā paññavāti āyasmato sobhitattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayampi purimabuddhesu katādhikāro tattha tattha bhave puññāni upacinanto padumuttarassa bhagavato kāle haṃsavatīnagare kulagehe nibbattitvā vayappatto satthu dhammadesanaṃ suṇanto satthāraṃ ekaṃ bhikkhuṃ pubbenivāsañāṇalābhīnaṃ bhikkhūnaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapentaṃ disvā sayampi taṃ ṭhānantaraṃ uddissa patthanaṃ katvā puññāni katvā sugatīsuyeva saṃsaranto sumedhassa bhagavato kāle brāhmaṇakule nibbattitvā viññutaṃ patto brāhmaṇānaṃ vijjāsippesu nipphattiṃ gantvā nekkhammādhimutto gharāvāsaṃ pahāya tāpasapabbajjaṃ pabbajitvā himavantassa samīpe araññāyatane assamaṃ kāretvā vanamūlaphalāphalena yāpento buddhuppādaṃ sutvā sabbattha ekarattivāseneva bhaddavatīnagare satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā pasannamānaso ‘‘tuvaṃ satthā ca ketu cā’’tiādīhi chahi gāthāhi abhitthavi , satthā cassa bhāviniṃ sampattiṃ pakāsesi. So tena puññakammena devamanussesu saṃsaranto imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇakule nibbatti. Sobhitotissa nāmaṃ akaṃsu. So aparena samayena satthu dhammadesanaṃ sutvā paṭiladdhasaddho pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ vaḍḍhetvā chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Pubbenivāsañāṇe ciṇṇavasī ca ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.49.46-74) –

‘‘Dakkhiṇe himavantassa, sukato assamo mama;

Uttamatthaṃ gavesanto, vasāmi vipine tadā.

‘‘Lābhālābhena santuṭṭho, mūlena ca phalena ca;

Anvesanto ācariyaṃ, vasāmi ekako ahaṃ.

‘‘Sumedho nāma sambuddho, loke uppajji tāvade;

Catusaccaṃ pakāseti, uddharanto mahājanaṃ.

‘‘Nāhaṃ suṇomi sambuddhaṃ, napi me koci saṃsati;

Aṭṭhavasse atikkante, assosiṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Aggidāruṃ nīharitvā, sammajjitvāna assamaṃ;

Khāribhāraṃ gahetvāna, nikkhamiṃ vipinā ahaṃ.

‘‘Ekarattiṃ vasantohaṃ, gāmesu nigamesu ca;

Anupubbena candavatiṃ, tadāhaṃ upasaṅkamiṃ.

‘‘Bhagavā tamhi samaye, sumedho lokanāyako;

Uddharanto bahū satte, deseti amataṃ padaṃ.

‘‘Janakāyamatikkamma, vanditvā jinasāgaraṃ;

Ekaṃsaṃ ajinaṃ katvā, santhaviṃ lokanāyakaṃ.

‘‘Tuvaṃ satthā ca ketu ca, dhajo yūpo ca pāṇinaṃ;

Parāyano patiṭṭhā ca, dīpo ca dvipaduttamo.

‘‘Nepuñño dassane vīro, tāresi janataṃ tuvaṃ;

Natthañño tārako loke, tavuttaritaro mune.

‘‘Sakkā theve kusaggena, pametuṃ sāgaruttame;

Na tveva tava sabbaññu, ñāṇaṃ sakkā pametave.

‘‘Tuladaṇḍe ṭhapetvāna, mahiṃ sakkā dharetave;

Natveva tava paññāya, pamāṇamatthi cakkhuma.

‘‘Ākāso minituṃ sakkā, rajjuyā aṅgulena vā;

Natveva tava sabbaññu, sīlaṃ sakkā pametave.

‘‘Mahāsamudde udakaṃ, ākāso ca vasundharā;

Parimeyyāni etāni, appameyyosi cakkhuma.

‘‘Chahi gāthāhi sabbaññuṃ, kittayitvā mahāyasaṃ;

Añjaliṃ paggahetvāna, tuṇhī aṭṭhāsahaṃ tadā.

‘‘Yaṃ vadanti sumedhoti, bhūripaññaṃ sumedhasaṃ;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, imā gāthā abhāsatha.

‘‘Yo me ñāṇaṃ pakittesi, vippasannena cetasā;

Tamahaṃ kittayissāmi, suṇātha mama bhāsato.

‘‘Sattasattati kappāni, devaloke ramissati;

Sahassakkhattuṃ devindo, devarajjaṃ karissati.

‘‘Anekasatakkhattuñca, cakkavattī bhavissati;

Padesarajjaṃ vipulaṃ, gaṇanāto asaṅkhiyaṃ.

‘‘Devabhūto manusso vā, puññakammasamāhito;

Anūnamanasaṅkappo, tikkhapañño bhavissati.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma gottena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Agārā abhinikkhamma, pabbajissatikiñcano;

Jātiyā sattavassena, arahattaṃ phusissati.

‘‘Yato sarāmi attānaṃ, yato pattosmi sāsanaṃ;

Etthantare na jānāmi, cetanaṃ amanoramaṃ.

‘‘Saṃsaritvā bhave sabbe, sampattānubhaviṃ ahaṃ;

Bhoge me ūnatā natthi, phalaṃ ñāṇassa thomane.

‘‘Tiyaggī nibbutā mayhaṃ, bhavā sabbe samūhatā;

Sabbāsavā parikkhīṇā, natthi dāni punabbhavo.

‘‘Tiṃsakappasahassamhi, yaṃ ñāṇamathaviṃ ahaṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, phalaṃ ñāṇassa thomane.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ…pe… kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

So arahattaṃ pana patvā attano pubbenivāsaṃ anupaṭipāṭiyā anussaranto yāva asaññabhave acittakapaṭisandhi, tāva addasa. Tato pañca kappasatāni cittappavattiṃ adisvā avasāneva disvā ‘‘kimeta’’nti āvajjento nayavasena ‘‘asaññabhavo bhavissatī’’ti niṭṭhaṃ agamāsi. Tenāha bhagavā – ‘‘atthi, bhikkhave, asaññasattā nāma dīghāyukā devā, tato cuto sobhito idhūpapanno, so etaṃ bhavaṃ jānāti, sobhito anussaratī’’ti (pārā. 232 atthato samānaṃ). Evaṃ nayavasena anussarantassa anussaraṇakosallaṃ disvā satthā theraṃ pubbenivāsaṃ anussarantānaṃ aggaṭṭhāne ṭhapesi. Tato eva cāyaṃ āyasmā savisesaṃ attano pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇaṃ tassa ca paccayabhūtaṃ paṭipattiṃ paccavekkhitvā somanassajāto tadatthadīpanaṃ udānaṃ udānento –

165.

‘‘Satimā paññavā bhikkhu, āraddhabalavīriyo;

Pañca kappasatānāhaṃ, ekarattiṃ anussariṃ.

166.

‘‘Cattāro satipaṭṭhāne, satta aṭṭha ca bhāvayaṃ;

Pañca kappasatānāhaṃ, ekarattiṃ anussari’’nti. – gāthādvayaṃ abhāsi;

Tattha satimāti sayaṃ samudāgamanasampannāya satipaṭṭhānabhāvanāpāripūriyā sativepullappattiyā ca satimā. Paññavāti chaḷabhiññāpāripūriyā paññāvepullappattiyā ca paññavā. Bhinnakilesatāya bhikkhu. Saddhādibalānañceva catubbidhasammappadhānavīriyassa ca saṃsiddhipāripūriyā āraddhabalavīriyo. Saddhādīnañhettha balaggahaṇena gahaṇaṃ satipi satiādīnaṃ balabhāve, yathā ‘‘gobalibaddhā puññañāṇasambhārā’’ti. Pañca kappasatānāhaṃ, ekarattiṃ anussarinti ekarattiṃ viya anussariṃ. Viya-saddo hi idha luttaniddiṭṭho, etena pubbenivāsānussatiñāṇe attano ñāṇavasībhāvaṃ dīpeti.

Idāni yāya paṭipattiyā attano satimantādibhāvo sātisayaṃ pubbenivāsañāṇañca siddhaṃ, taṃ dassetuṃ ‘‘cattāro’’tiādinā dutiyaṃ gāthamāha. Tattha cattāro satipaṭṭhāneti kāyānupassanādike attano visayabhedena catubbidhe lokiyalokuttaramissake satisaṅkhāte satipaṭṭhāne. Sattāti satta bojjhaṅge. Aṭṭhāti aṭṭha maggaṅgāni. Satipaṭṭhānesu hi suppatiṭṭhitacittassa satta bojjhaṅgā bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gatā eva honti, tathā ariyo aṭṭhaṅgiko maggo. Tenāha dhammasenāpati – ‘‘catūsu satipaṭṭhānesu suppatiṭṭhitacittā satta bojjhaṅge yathābhūtaṃ bhāvetvā’’tiādīhi (dī. ni. 3.143) sattakoṭṭhāsikesu sattatiṃsāya bodhipakkhiyadhammesu ekasmiṃ koṭṭhāse bhāvanāpāripūriṃ gacchante itare agacchantā nāma natthīti. Bhāvayanti bhāvanāhetu. Sesaṃ vuttanayameva.

Sobhitattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.