4. Vodānañāṇaniddeso

158. Katamāni terasa vodāne ñāṇāni? Atītānudhāvanaṃ cittaṃ vikkhepānupatitaṃ; taṃ vivajjayitvā ekaṭṭhāne samādahati – evampi cittaṃ na vikkhepaṃ gacchati. Anāgatapaṭikaṅkhanaṃ cittaṃ vikampitaṃ ; taṃ vivajjayitvā tattheva adhimoceti – evampi cittaṃ na vikkhepaṃ gacchati. Līnaṃ cittaṃ kosajjānupatitaṃ; taṃ paggaṇhitvā kosajjaṃ pajahati – evampi cittaṃ na vikkhepaṃ gacchati. Atipaggahitaṃ cittaṃ uddhaccānupatitaṃ; taṃ viniggaṇhitvā uddhaccaṃ pajahati – evampi cittaṃ na vikkhepaṃ gacchati. Abhinataṃ cittaṃ rāgānupatitaṃ; taṃ sampajāno hutvā rāgaṃ pajahati – evampi cittaṃ na vikkhepaṃ gacchati. Apanataṃ cittaṃ byāpādānupatitaṃ; taṃ sampajāno hutvā byāpādaṃ pajahati – evampi cittaṃ na vikkhepaṃ gacchati. Imehi chahi ṭhānehi parisuddhaṃ cittaṃ pariyodātaṃ ekattagataṃ hoti.

Katame te ekattā? Dānavosaggupaṭṭhānekattaṃ, samathanimittupaṭṭhānekattaṃ, vayalakkhaṇupaṭṭhānekattaṃ, nirodhupaṭṭhānekattaṃ. Dānavosaggupaṭṭhānekattaṃ cāgādhimuttānaṃ, samathanimittupaṭṭhānekattañca adhicittamanuyuttānaṃ, vayalakkhaṇupaṭṭhānekattañca vipassakānaṃ, nirodhupaṭṭhānekattañca ariyapuggalānaṃ – imehi catūhi ṭhānehi ekattagataṃ cittaṃ paṭipadāvisuddhipakkhandañceva hoti, upekkhānubrūhitañca, ñāṇena ca sampahaṃsitaṃ.

Paṭhamassa jhānassa ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ? Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi, upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe, sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ. Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi. Ādissa kati lakkhaṇāni? Ādissa tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Yo tassa paripantho tato cittaṃ visujjhati, visuddhattā cittaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati, paṭipannattā tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Yañca paripanthato cittaṃ visujjhati, yañca visuddhattā cittaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati, yañca paṭipannattā tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati. Paṭhamassa jhānassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi. Ādissa imāni tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati – ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ ādikalyāṇañceva hoti lakkhaṇasampannañca’’.

Paṭhamassa jhānassa upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe. Majjhassa kati lakkhaṇāni? Majjhassa tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati, samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati, ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati. Yañca visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati, yañca samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati, yañca ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati – paṭhamassa jhānassa upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe. Majjhassa imāni tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati – ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ majjhekalyāṇañceva hoti lakkhaṇasampannañca’’.

Paṭhamassa jhānassa sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ. Pariyosānassa kati lakkhaṇāni? Pariyosānassa cattāri lakkhaṇāni. Tattha jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ anativattanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, indriyānaṃ ekarasaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, āsevanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā. Paṭhamassa jhānassa sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ. Pariyosānassa imāni cattāri lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati – ‘‘paṭhamaṃ jhānaṃ pariyosānakalyāṇañceva hoti lakkhaṇasampannañca’’. Evaṃ tivattagataṃ cittaṃ tividhakalyāṇakaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampannaṃ vitakkasampannañceva hoti vicārasampannañca pītisampannañca sukhasampannañca cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampannañca saddhāsampannañca vīriyasampannañca satisampannañca samādhisampannañca paññāsampannañca.

Dutiyassa jhānassa ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ? Dutiyassa jhānassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi, upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe, sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ…pe… evaṃ tivattagataṃ cittaṃ tividhakalyāṇakaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampannaṃ pītisampannañceva hoti sukhasampannañca cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampannañca saddhāsampannañca vīriyasampannañca satisampannañca samādhisampannañca paññāsampannañca.

Tatiyassa jhānassa ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ…pe… evaṃ tivattagataṃ cittaṃ tividhakalyāṇakaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampannaṃ sukhasampannañceva hoti cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampannañca saddhāsampannañca vīriyasampannañca satisampannañca samādhisampannañca paññāsampannañca.

Catutthassa jhānassa ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ…pe… evaṃ tivattagataṃ cittaṃ tividhakalyāṇakaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampannañca upekkhāsampannañceva hoti cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampannañca saddhāsampannañca vīriyasampannañca satisampannañca samādhisampannañca paññāsampannañca.

Ākāsānañcāyatanasamāpattiyā…pe… viññāṇañcāyatanasamāpattiyā… ākiñcaññāyatanasamāpattiyā… nevasaññānāsaññāyatanasamāpattiyā ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ…pe… evaṃ tivattagataṃ cittaṃ tividhakalyāṇakaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampannaṃ upekkhāsampannañceva hoti cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampannaṃ ca…pe… paññāsampannañca.

Aniccānupassanāya ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ…pe… evaṃ tivattagataṃ cittaṃ tividhakalyāṇakaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampannaṃ vitakkasampannañceva hoti vicārasampannañca pītisampannañca sukhasampannañca cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampannañca saddhāsampannañca vīriyasampannañca satisampannañca samādhisampannañca paññāsampannañca. Dukkhānupassanāya…pe… anattānupassanāya… nibbidānupassanāya… virāgānupassanāya… nirodhānupassanāya… paṭinissaggānupassanāya… khayānupassanāya… vayānupassanāya… vipariṇāmānupassanāya… animittānupassanāya… appaṇihitānupassanāya… suññatānupassanāya… adhipaññādhammavipassanāya… yathābhūtañāṇadassanāya… ādīnavānupassanāya… paṭisaṅkhānupassanāya… vivaṭṭanānupassanāya… paññāsampannañca.

Sotāpattimaggassa…pe… sakadāgāmimaggassa… anāgāmimaggassa… arahattamaggassa ko ādi, kiṃ majjhe, kiṃ pariyosānaṃ? Arahattamaggassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe, sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ. Arahattamaggassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi. Ādissa kati lakkhaṇāni? Ādissa tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Yo tassa paripantho tato cittaṃ visujjhati, visuddhattā cittaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati, paṭipannattā tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati . Yañca paripanthato cittaṃ visujjhati, yañca visuddhattā cittaṃ majjhimaṃ samathanimittaṃ paṭipajjati, yañca paṭipannattā tattha cittaṃ pakkhandati – arahattamaggassa paṭipadāvisuddhi ādi. Ādissa imāni tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati – ‘‘arahattamaggo ādikalyāṇo ceva hoti lakkhaṇasampanno ca’’.

Arahattamaggassa upekkhānubrūhanā majjhe. Majjhassa kati lakkhaṇāni? Majjhassa tīṇi lakkhaṇāni. Visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati, samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati, ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati. Yañca visuddhaṃ cittaṃ ajjhupekkhati, yañca samathapaṭipannaṃ ajjhupekkhati, yañca ekattupaṭṭhānaṃ ajjhupekkhati. Tena vuccati – ‘‘arahattamaggo majjhekalyāṇo ceva hoti lakkhaṇasampanno ca’’.

Arahattamaggassa sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ. Pariyosānassa kati lakkhaṇāni? Pariyosānassa cattāri lakkhaṇāni. Tattha jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ anativattanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, indriyānaṃ ekarasaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā, āsevanaṭṭhena sampahaṃsanā. Arahattamaggassa sampahaṃsanā pariyosānaṃ. Pariyosānassa imāni cattāri lakkhaṇāni. Tena vuccati – ‘‘arahattamaggo pariyosānakalyāṇo ceva hoti lakkhaṇasampanno ca’’. Evaṃ tivattagataṃ cittaṃ tividhakalyāṇakaṃ dasalakkhaṇasampannaṃ vitakkasampannañceva hoti vicārasampannañca pītisampannañca sukhasampannañca cittassa adhiṭṭhānasampannañca saddhāsampannañca vīriyasampannañca satisampannañca samādhisampannañca paññāsampannañca .

159.

Nimittaṃ assāsapassāsā, anārammaṇamekacittassa;

Ajānato ca tayo dhamme, bhāvanā nupalabbhati.

Nimittaṃ assāsapassāsā, anārammaṇamekacittassa;

Jānato ca tayo dhamme, bhāvanā upalabbhatīti.

Kathaṃ ime tayo dhammā ekacittassa ārammaṇā na honti, na cime tayo dhammā aviditā honti, na ca cittaṃ vikkhepaṃ gacchati, padhānañca paññāyati, payogañca sādheti, visesamadhigacchati? Seyyathāpi rukkho same bhūmibhāge nikkhitto. Tamenaṃ puriso kakacena chindeyya. Rukkhe phuṭṭhakakacadantānaṃ vasena purisassa sati upaṭṭhitā hoti; na āgate vā gate vā kakacadante manasi karoti. Na āgatā vā gatā vā kakacadantā aviditā honti , padhānañca paññāyati, payogañca sādheti. Yathā rukkho same bhūmibhāge nikkhitto. Evaṃ upanibandhanā nimittaṃ. Yathā kakacadantā, evaṃ assāsapassāsā. Yathā rukkhe phuṭṭhakakacadantānaṃ vasena purisassa sati upaṭṭhitā hoti, na āgate vā gate vā kakacadante manasi karoti, na āgatā vā gatā vā kakacadantā aviditā honti, padhānañca paññāyati, payogañca sādheti. Evamevaṃ bhikkhu nāsikagge vā mukhanimitte vā satiṃ upaṭṭhapetvā nisinno hoti, na āgate vā gate vā assāsapassāse manasi karoti, na āgatā vā gatā vā assāsapassāsā aviditā honti, padhānañca paññāyati, payogañca sādheti. Visesamadhigacchati padhānañca.

Katamaṃ padhānaṃ? Āraddhavīriyassa kāyopi cittampi kammaniyaṃ hoti – idaṃ padhānaṃ. Katamo payogo? Āraddhavīriyassa upakkilesā pahīyanti, vitakkā vūpasamanti – ayaṃ payogo. Katamo viseso? Āraddhavīriyassa saññojanā pahīyanti, anusayā byantīhonti ². Ayaṃ viseso. Evaṃ ime tayo dhammā ekacittassa ārammaṇā na honti , na cime tayo dhammā aviditā honti, na ca cittaṃ vikkhepaṃ gacchati, padhānañca paññāyati, payogañca sādheti, visesamadhigacchati.

160.

Ānāpānassati yassa, paripuṇṇā subhāvitā;

Anupubbaṃ paricitā, yathā buddhena desitā;

So imaṃ lokaṃ pabhāseti, abbhā muttova candimāti.

Ānanti assāso, no passāso. Apānanti ⁴ passāso, no assāso. Assāsavasena upaṭṭhānaṃ sati, passāsavasena upaṭṭhānaṃ sati.

Yo assasati tassupaṭṭhāti, yo passasati tassupaṭṭhāti. Paripuṇṇāti pariggahaṭṭhena paripuṇṇā, parivāraṭṭhena paripuṇṇā, paripūraṭṭhena paripuṇṇā . Subhāvitāti catasso bhāvanā – tattha jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ anativattanaṭṭhena bhāvanā, indriyānaṃ ekarasaṭṭhena bhāvanā, tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhena bhāvanā, āsevanaṭṭhena bhāvanā. Tassime cattāro bhāvanaṭṭhā yānīkatā honti vatthukatā anuṭṭhitā paricitā susamāraddhā.

Yānīkatāti yattha yattha ākaṅkhati tattha tattha vasippatto hoti balappatto vesārajjappatto . Tassa me te dhammā āvajjanapaṭibaddhā ⁸ honti ākaṅkhapaṭibaddhā manasikārapaṭibaddhā cittuppādapaṭibaddhā. Tena vuccati – ‘‘yānīkatā’’ti. Vatthukatāti yasmiṃ yasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ cittaṃ svādhiṭṭhitaṃ hoti, tasmiṃ tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ sati supaṭṭhitā hoti. Yasmiṃ yasmiṃ vā pana vatthusmiṃ sati sūpaṭṭhitā ⁹ hoti, tasmiṃ tasmiṃ vatthusmiṃ cittaṃ svādhiṭṭhitaṃ hoti. Tena vuccati – ‘‘vatthukatā’’ti. Anuṭṭhitāti vatthusmiṃ yena yena cittaṃ abhinīharati tena tena sati anuparivattati. Yena yena vā pana sati anuparivattati tena tena cittaṃ abhinīharati. Tena vuccati – ‘‘anuṭṭhitā’’ti. Paricitāti pariggahaṭṭhena paricitā, parivāraṭṭhena paricitā, paripūraṭṭhena paricitā. Satiyā pariggaṇhanto jināti pāpake akusale dhamme. Tena vuccati – ‘‘paricitā’’ti. Susamāraddhāti cattāro susamāraddhā – tattha jātānaṃ dhammānaṃ anativattanaṭṭhena susamāraddhā, indriyānaṃ ekarasaṭṭhena susamāraddhā, tadupagavīriyavāhanaṭṭhena susamāraddhā, tappaccanīkānaṃ kilesānaṃ susamūhatattā ¹⁰ susamāraddhā.

161.Susamanti atthi samaṃ, atthi susamaṃ. Katamaṃ samaṃ? Ye tattha jātā anavajjā kusalā bodhipakkhiyā – idaṃ samaṃ. Katamaṃ susamaṃ? Yaṃ tesaṃ tesaṃ dhammānaṃ ārammaṇaṃ nirodho nibbānaṃ – idaṃ susamaṃ. Iti idañca samaṃ idañca susamaṃ ñātaṃ hoti diṭṭhaṃ viditaṃ sacchikataṃ phassitaṃ paññāya. Āraddhaṃ hoti vīriyaṃ asallīnaṃ, upaṭṭhitā sati asammūḷā ¹², passaddho kāyo asāraddho, samāhitaṃ cittaṃ ekaggaṃ. Tena vuccati – ‘‘susamāraddhā’’ti.

Anupubbaṃ paricitāti dīghaṃ assāsavasena purimā purimā paricitā, pacchimā pacchimā anuparicitā. Dīghaṃ passāsavasena purimā purimā paricitā, pacchimā pacchimā anuparicitā. Rassaṃ assāsavasena purimā purimā paricitā , pacchimā pacchimā anuparicitā. Rassaṃ passāsavasena purimā purimā paricitā, pacchimā pacchimā anuparicitā…pe… paṭinissaggānupassī assāsavasena purimā purimā paricitā, pacchimā pacchimā anuparicitā. Paṭinissaggānupassī passāsavasena purimā purimā paricitā, pacchimā pacchimā anuparicitā. Sabbāpi soḷasavatthukā ānāpānassatiyo aññamaññaṃ paricitā ceva honti anuparicitā ca. Tena vuccati – ‘‘anupubbaparicitā’’ti.

Yathāti dasa yathatthā – attadamathattho yathattho, attasamathattho yathattho, attaparinibbāpanattho yathattho, abhiññattho yathattho, pariññattho yathattho, pahānattho yathattho, bhāvanattho yathattho, sacchikiriyattho yathattho, saccābhisamayattho yathattho, nirodhe patiṭṭhāpakattho yathattho.

Buddhoti yo so bhagavā sayambhū anācariyako pubbe ananussutesu dhammesu sāmaṃ saccāni abhisambujjhi, tattha ca sabbaññutaṃ pāpuṇi, balesu ca vasībhāvaṃ.

162.Buddhoti kenaṭṭhena buddho? Bujjhitā saccānīti – buddho. Bodhetā pajāyāti – buddho. Sabbaññutāya buddho. Sabbadassāvitāya buddho. Anaññaneyyatāya buddho. Visavitāya ¹⁵ buddho. Khīṇāsavasaṅkhātena buddho. Nirupalepasaṅkhātena ¹⁶ buddho. Ekantavītarāgoti – buddho. Ekantavītadosoti – buddho. Ekantavītamohoti – buddho. Ekantanikkilesoti – buddho. Ekāyanamaggaṃ gatoti – buddho. Eko anuttaraṃ sammāsambodhiṃ abhisambuddhoti – buddho. Abuddhivihatattā buddhipaṭilābhā – buddho. Buddhoti netaṃ nāmaṃ mātarā kataṃ, na pitarā kataṃ, na bhātarā kataṃ, na bhaginiyā kataṃ, na mittāmaccehi kataṃ, na ñātisālohitehi kataṃ, na samaṇabrāhmaṇehi kataṃ, na devatāhi kataṃ. Vimokkhantikametaṃ buddhānaṃ bhagavantānaṃ bodhiyā mūle saha sabbaññutañāṇassa paṭilābhā sacchikā paññatti yadidaṃ – buddhoti. Desitāti attadamathattho yathattho yathā buddhena desito, attasamathattho yathattho yathā buddhena desito, attaparinibbāpanattho yathattho yathā buddhena desito…pe… nirodhe patiṭṭhāpakattho yathattho yathā buddhena desito.

Soti gahaṭṭho vā hoti pabbajito vā. Lokoti. Khandhaloko dhātuloko āyatanaloko vipattibhavaloko vipattisambhavaloko sampattibhavaloko sampattisambhavaloko. Eko loko – sabbe sattā āhāraṭṭhitikā…pe… aṭṭhārasa lokā – aṭṭhārasa dhātuyo. Pabhāsetīti attadamathatthaṃ yathatthaṃ abhisambuddhattā . So imaṃ lokaṃ obhāseti bhāseti pabhāseti. Attasamathatthaṃ yathatthaṃ abhisambuddhattā. So imaṃ lokaṃ obhāseti bhāseti pabhāseti. Attaparinibbāpanatthaṃ yathatthaṃ abhisambuddhattā. So imaṃ lokaṃ obhāseti bhāseti pabhāseti…pe… nirodhe patiṭṭhāpakatthaṃ yathatthaṃ abhisambuddhattā. So imaṃ lokaṃ obhāseti bhāseti pabhāseti.

Abbhā muttova candimāti yathā abbhā, evaṃ kilesā. Yathā cando, evaṃ ariyañāṇaṃ. Yathā candimā devaputto, evaṃ bhikkhu. Yathā cando abbhā mutto mahikā mutto dhūmarajā mutto rāhugahaṇā ¹⁹ vippamutto bhāsate ca tapate ca virocate ²⁰ ca, evamevaṃ bhikkhu sabbakilesehi vippamutto bhāsate ca tapate ca virocate ca. Tena vuccati – abbhā muttova candimāti. Imāni terasa vodāne ñāṇāni.

Vodānañāṇaniddeso catuttho.

Bhāṇavāro.