3. Tatiyavaggo

1. Nigrodhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā

Nāhaṃbhayassa bhāyāmīti āyasmato nigrodhattherassa gāthā. Kā uppatti? Ayaṃ kira ito aṭṭhārase kappasate brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbattitvā vayappatto kāmesu ādīnavaṃ nekkhamme ca ānisaṃsaṃ disvā gharabandhanaṃ pahāya araññāyatanaṃ pavisitvā aññatarasmiṃ sālavane paṇṇasālaṃ katvā tāpasapabbajaṃ pabbajitvā vanamūlaphalāhāro vasati. Tena samayena piyadassī nāma sammāsambuddho loke uppajjitvā sadevakassa lokassa dhammāmatavassena kilesasantāpaṃ nibbāpento ekadivasaṃ tāpase anukampāya taṃ sālavanaṃ pavisitvā nirodhasamāpattiṃ samāpanno. Tāpaso vanamūlaphalatthāya gacchanto bhagavantaṃ disvā pasannamānaso pupphitasāladaṇḍasākhāyo gahetvā sālamaṇḍapaṃ katvā taṃ sabbatthakameva sālapupphehi sañchādetvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā pītisomanassavaseneva āhāratthāyapi agantvā namassamāno aṭṭhāsi. Satthā nirodhato vuṭṭhāya tassa anukampāya ‘‘bhikkhusaṅgho āgacchatū’’ti cintesi, ‘‘bhikkhusaṅghepi cittaṃ pasādessatī’’ti. Tāvadeva bhikkhusaṅgho āgato. So bhikkhusaṅghampi disvā pasannamānaso vanditvā añjaliṃ paggayha aṭṭhāsi. Satthā sitassa pātukaraṇāpadesena tassa bhāviniṃ sampattiṃ pakāsento dhammaṃ kathetvā pakkāmi saddhiṃ bhikkhusaṅghena. So tena puññakammena devamanussesuyeva saṃsaranto vivaṭṭūpanissayaṃ bahuṃ kusalaṃ upacinitvā imasmiṃ buddhuppāde sāvatthiyaṃ brāhmaṇamahāsālakule nibbatti, nigrodhotissa nāmaṃ ahosi. So jetavanapaṭiggahaṇadivase buddhānubhāvadassanena sañjātappasādo pabbajitvā vipassanaṃ ārabhitvā nacirasseva chaḷabhiñño ahosi. Tena vuttaṃ apadāne (apa. thera 2.49.190-220) –

‘‘Ajjhogāhetvā sālavanaṃ, sukato assamo mama;

Sālapupphehi sañchanno, vasāmi vipine tadā.

‘‘Piyadassī ca bhagavā, sayambhū aggapuggalo;

Vivekakāmo sambuddho, sālavanamupāgami.

‘‘Assamā abhinikkhamma, pavanaṃ agamāsahaṃ;

Mūlaphalaṃ gavesanto, āhindāmi vane tadā.

‘‘Tatthaddasāsiṃ sambuddhaṃ, piyadassiṃ mahāyasaṃ;

Sunisinnaṃ samāpannaṃ, virocantaṃ mahāvane.

‘‘Catudaṇḍe ṭhapetvāna, buddhassa uparī ahaṃ;

Maṇḍapaṃ sukataṃ katvā, sālapupphehi chādayiṃ.

‘‘Sattāhaṃ dhārayitvāna, maṇḍapaṃ sālachāditaṃ;

Tattha cittaṃ pasādetvā, buddhaseṭṭhamavandahaṃ.

‘‘Bhagavā tamhi samaye, vuṭṭhahitvā samādhito;

Yugamattaṃ pekkhamāno, nisīdi purisuttamo.

‘‘Sāvako varuṇo nāma, piyadassissa satthuno;

Vasīsatasahassehi, upagacchi vināyakaṃ.

‘‘Piyadassī ca bhagavā, lokajeṭṭho narāsabho;

Bhikkhusaṅghe nisīditvā, sitaṃ pātukarī jino.

‘‘Anuruddho upaṭṭhāko, piyadassissa satthuno;

Ekaṃsaṃ cīvaraṃ katvā, apucchittha mahāmuniṃ.

‘‘Ko nu kho bhagavā hetu, sitakammassa satthuno;

Kāraṇe vijjamānamhi, satthā pātukare sitaṃ.

‘‘Sattāhaṃ sālacchadanaṃ, yo me dhāresi māṇavo;

Tassa kammaṃ saritvāna, sitaṃ pātukariṃ ahaṃ.

‘‘Anokāsaṃ na passāmi, yattha puññaṃ vipaccati;

Devaloke manusse vā, okāsova na sammati.

‘‘Devaloke vasantassa, puññakammasamaṅgino;

Yāvatā parisā tassa, sālacchannā bhavissati.

‘‘Tattha dibbehi naccehi, gītehi vāditehi ca;

Ramissati sadā santo, puññakammasamāhito.

‘‘Yāvatā parisā tassa, gandhagandhī bhavissati;

Sālassa pupphavasso ca, pavassissati tāvade.

‘‘Tato cutoyaṃ manujo, mānusaṃ āgamissati;

Idhāpi sālacchadanaṃ, sabbakālaṃ dharissati.

‘‘Idha naccañca gītañca, sammatāḷasamāhitaṃ;

Parivāressanti maṃ niccaṃ, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Uggacchante ca sūriye, sālavassaṃ pavassate;

Puññakammena saṃyuttaṃ, vassate sabbakālikaṃ.

‘‘Aṭṭhārase kappasate, okkākakulasambhavo;

Gotamo nāma nāmena, satthā loke bhavissati.

‘‘Tassa dhamme sudāyādo, oraso dhammanimmito;

Sabbāsave pariññāya, nibbāyissatināsavo.

‘‘Dhammaṃ abhisamentassa, sālacchannaṃ bhavissati;

Citake jhāyamānassa, chadanaṃ tattha hessati.

‘‘Vipākaṃ kittayitvāna, piyadassī mahāmuni;

Parisāya dhammaṃ desesi, tappento dhammavuṭṭhiyā.

‘‘Tiṃsakappāni devesu, devarajjamakārayiṃ;

Saṭṭhi ca sattakkhattuñca, cakkavattī ahosahaṃ.

‘‘Devalokā idhāgantvā, labhāmi vipulaṃ sukhaṃ;

Idhāpi sālacchadanaṃ, maṇḍapassa idaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Ayaṃ pacchimako mayhaṃ, carimo vattate bhavo;

Idhāpi sālacchadanaṃ, hessati sabbakālikaṃ.

‘‘Mahāmuniṃ tosayitvā, gotamaṃ sakyapuṅgavaṃ;

Pattomhi acalaṃ ṭhānaṃ, hitvā jayaparājayaṃ.

‘‘Aṭṭhārase kappasate, yaṃ buddhamabhipūjayiṃ;

Duggatiṃ nābhijānāmi, buddhapūjāyidaṃ phalaṃ.

‘‘Kilesā jhāpitā mayhaṃ, bhavā sabbe samūhatā;

Nāgova bandhanaṃ chetvā, viharāmi anāsavo.

‘‘Svāgataṃ vata me āsi, buddhaseṭṭhassa santike;

Tisso vijjā anuppattā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsanaṃ.

‘‘Paṭisambhidā catasso, vimokkhāpi ca aṭṭhime;

Chaḷabhiññā sacchikatā, kataṃ buddhassa sāsana’’nti.

Evaṃ pana chaḷabhiñño hutvā phalasukhena vītināmento sāsanassa niyyānikabhāvavibhāvanatthaṃ aññābyākaraṇavasena ‘‘nāhaṃ bhayassa bhāyāmī’’ti gāthaṃ abhāsi.

21. Tattha bhāyanti etasmāti bhayaṃ, jātijarādi. Bhayassāti nissakke sāmivacanaṃ, bhayato bhāyitabbanimittaṃ jātijarāmaraṇādinā hetunā nāhaṃ bhāyāmīti attho. Tattha kāraṇamāha ‘‘satthā no amatassa kovido’’ti. Amhākaṃ satthā amate kusalo veneyyānaṃ amatadāne cheko. Yattha bhayaṃ nāvatiṭṭhatīti yasmiṃ nibbāne yathāvuttaṃ bhayaṃ na tiṭṭhati okāsaṃ na labhati. Tenāti tato nibbānato. Vajantīti abhayaṭṭhānameva gacchanti. Nibbānañhi abhayaṭṭhānaṃ nāma. Kena pana vajantīti āha ‘‘maggena vajanti bhikkhavo’’ti, aṭṭhaṅgikena ariyamaggena satthu ovādakaraṇā bhikkhū saṃsāre bhayassa ikkhanakāti attho. Yatthāti vā yaṃ nimittaṃ yassa ariyamaggassa adhigamahetu attānuvādādikaṃ pañcavīsatividhampi bhayaṃ nāvatiṭṭhati patiṭṭhaṃ na labhati, tena ariyena maggena vajanti abhayaṭṭhānaṃ satthu sāsane bhikkhū, tena maggena ahampi gato, tasmā nāhaṃ bhayassa bhāyāmīti thero aññaṃ byākāsi.

Nigrodhattheragāthāvaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.