7. Ajakalāpakasuttavaṇṇanā

7. Sattame pāvāyanti evaṃnāmake mallarājūnaṃ nagare. Ajakalāpake cetiyeti ajakalāpakena nāma yakkhena pariggahitattā ‘‘ajakalāpaka’’nti laddhanāme manussānaṃ cittīkataṭṭhāne . So kira yakkho aje kalāpe katvā bandhanena ajakoṭṭhāsena saddhiṃ baliṃ paṭicchati, na aññathā, tasmā ‘‘ajakalāpako’’ti paññāyittha. Keci panāhu – ajake viya satte lāpetīti ajakalāpakoti. Tassa kira sattā baliṃ upanetvā yadā ajasaddaṃ katvā baliṃ upaharanti, tadā so tussati, tasmā ‘‘ajakalāpako’’ti vuccatīti. So pana yakkho ānubhāvasampanno kakkhaḷo pharuso tattha ca sannihito, tasmā taṃ ṭhānaṃ manussā cittiṃ karonti, kālena kālaṃ baliṃ upaharanti. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘ajakalāpake cetiye’’ti. Ajakalāpakassa yakkhassa bhavaneti tassa yakkhassa vimāne.

Tadā kira satthā taṃ yakkhaṃ dametukāmo sāyanhasamaye eko adutiyo pattacīvaraṃ ādāya ajakalāpakassa yakkhassa bhavanadvāraṃ gantvā tassa dovārikaṃ bhavanapavisanatthāya yāci. So ‘‘kakkhaḷo, bhante, ajakalāpako yakkho, samaṇoti vā brāhmaṇoti vā gāravaṃ na karoti, tasmā tumhe eva jānātha, mayhaṃ pana tassa anārocanaṃ na yutta’’nti tāvadeva yakkhasamāgamaṃ gatassa ajakalāpakassa santikaṃ vātavegena agamāsi. Satthā antobhavanaṃ pavisitvā ajakalāpakassa nisīdanamaṇḍape paññattāsane nisīdi. Yakkhassa orodhā satthāraṃ upasaṅkamitvā vanditvā ekamantaṃ aṭṭhaṃsu. Satthā tāsaṃ kālayuttaṃ dhammiṃ kathaṃ kathesi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘pāvāyaṃ viharati ajakalāpake cetiye ajakalāpakassa yakkhassa bhavane’’ti.

Tasmiṃ samaye sātāgirahemavatā ajakalāpakassa bhavanamatthakena yakkhasamāgamaṃ gacchantā attano gamane asampajjamāne ‘‘kiṃ nu kho kāraṇa’’nti āvajjentā satthāraṃ ajakalāpakassa bhavane nisinnaṃ disvā tattha gantvā bhagavantaṃ vanditvā ‘‘mayaṃ, bhante, yakkhasamāgamaṃ gamissāmā’’ti āpucchitvā padakkhiṇaṃ katvā gatā yakkhasannipāte ajakalāpakaṃ disvā tuṭṭhiṃ pavedayiṃsu ‘‘lābhā te, āvuso, ajakalāpaka, yassa te bhavane sadevake loke aggapuggalo bhagavā nisinno, upasaṅkamitvā bhagavantaṃ payirupāsassu, dhammañca suṇāhī’’ti. So tesaṃ kathaṃ sutvā ‘‘ime tassa muṇḍakassa samaṇakassa mama bhavane nisinnabhāvaṃ kathentī’’ti kodhābhibhūto hutvā ‘‘ajja mayhaṃ tena samaṇena saddhiṃ saṅgāmo bhavissatī’’ti cintetvā yakkhasannipātato uṭṭhahitvā dakkhiṇaṃ pādaṃ ukkhipitvā saṭṭhiyojanamattaṃ pabbatakūṭaṃ akkami, taṃ bhijjitvā dvidhā ahosi. Sesaṃ ettha yaṃ vattabbaṃ, taṃ āḷavakasuttavaṇṇanāyaṃ (saṃ. ni. aṭṭha. 1.1.246) āgatanayeneva veditabbaṃ.

Ajakalāpakassa samāgamo hi āḷavakasamāgamasadisova ṭhapetvā pañhakaraṇaṃ vissajjanaṃ bhavanato tikkhattuṃ nikkhamanaṃ pavesanañca. Ajakalāpako hi āgacchantoyeva ‘‘etehiyeva taṃ samaṇaṃ palāpessāmī’’ti vātamaṇḍalādike navavasse samuṭṭhāpetvā tehi bhagavato calanamattampi kātuṃ asakkonto nānāvidhappaharaṇahatthe ativiya bhayānakarūpe bhūtagaṇe nimminitvā tehi saddhiṃ bhagavantaṃ upasaṅkamitvā antanteneva caranto sabbarattiṃ nānappakāraṃ vippakāraṃ katvāpi bhagavato kiñci kesaggamattampi nisinnaṭṭhānato calanaṃ kātuṃ nāsakkhi. Kevalaṃ pana ‘‘ayaṃ samaṇo maṃ anāpucchā mayhaṃ bhavanaṃ pavisitvā nisīdatī’’ti kodhavasena pajjali. Athassa bhagavā cittappavattiṃ ñatvā ‘‘seyyathāpi nāma caṇḍassa kukkurassa nāsāya pittaṃ bhindeyya, evaṃ so bhiyyosomattāya caṇḍataro assa, evamevāyaṃ yakkho mayi idha nisinne cittaṃ padūseti, yaṃnūnāhaṃ bahi nikkhameyya’’nti sayameva bhavanato nikkhamitvā abbhokāse nisīdi. Tena vuttaṃ – ‘‘tena kho pana samayena bhagavā rattandhakāratimisāyaṃ abbhokāse nisinno hotī’’ti.

Tattha rattandhakāratimisāyanti rattiyaṃ andhakaraṇatamasi, cakkhuviññāṇuppattivirahite bahalandhakāreti attho. Caturaṅgasamannāgato kira tadā andhakāro pavattīti. Devoti megho ekamekaṃ phusitakaṃ udakabinduṃ pāteti. Atha yakkho ‘‘iminā saddena tāsetvā imaṃ samaṇaṃ palāpessāmī’’ti bhagavato samīpaṃ gantvā ‘‘akkulo’’tiādinā taṃ bhiṃsanaṃ akāsi. Tena vuttaṃ ‘‘atha kho ajakalāpako’’tiādi. Tattha bhayanti cittutrāsaṃ, chambhitattanti ūrutthambhakasarīrassa chambhitabhāvaṃ. Lomahaṃsanti lomānaṃ pahaṭṭhabhāvaṃ, tīhipi padehi bhayuppattimeva dasseti. Upasaṅkamīti kasmā panāyaṃ evamadhippāyo upasaṅkami, nanu pubbe attanā kātabbaṃ vippakāraṃ akāsīti? Saccamakāsi, taṃ panesa ‘‘antobhavane khemaṭṭhāne thirabhūmiyaṃ ṭhitassa na kiñci kātuṃ asakkhi, idāni bahi ṭhitaṃ evaṃ bhiṃsāpetvā palāpetuṃ sakkā’’ti maññamāno upasaṅkami. Ayañhi yakkho attano bhavanaṃ ‘‘thirabhūmī’’ti maññati, ‘‘tattha ṭhitattā ayaṃ samaṇo na bhāyatī’’ti ca.

Tikkhattuṃ ‘‘akkulo pakkulo’’ti akkulapakkulikaṃ akāsīti tayo vāre ‘‘akkulo pakkulo’’ti bhiṃsāpetukāmatāya evarūpaṃ saddaṃ akāsi. Anukaraṇasaddo hi ayaṃ. Tadā hi so yakkho sineruṃ ukkhipanto viya mahāpathaviṃ parivattento viya ca mahatā ussāhena asanisatasaddasaṅghāṭaṃ viya ekasmiṃ ṭhāne puñjīkataṃ hutvā viniccharantaṃ disāgajānaṃ hatthigajjitaṃ, kesarasīhānaṃ sīhaninnādaṃ , yakkhānaṃ hiṃkārasaddaṃ, bhūtānaṃ aṭṭahāsaṃ, asurānaṃ apphoṭanaghosaṃ , indassa devarañño vajiranigghātanigghosaṃ, attano gambhīratāya vipphārikatāya bhayānakatāya ca avasesasaddaṃ avahasantamiva abhibhavantamiva ca kappavuṭṭhānamahāvātamaṇḍalikāya vinigghosaṃ puthujjanānaṃ hadayaṃ phālentaṃ viya mahantaṃ paṭibhayanigghosaṃ abyattakkharaṃ tikkhattuṃ attano yakkhagajjitaṃ gajji ‘‘etena imaṃ samaṇaṃ bhiṃsāpetvā palāpessāmī’’ti. Yaṃ yaṃ niccharati, tena tena pabbatā papaṭikaṃ muñciṃsu, vanappatijeṭṭhake upādāya sabbesu rukkhalatāgumbesu pattaphalapupphāni sīdayiṃsu, tiyojanasahassavitthatopi himavantapabbatarājā saṅkampi sampakampi sampavedhi, bhummadevatā ādiṃ katvā yebhuyyena devatānampi ahudeva bhayaṃ chambhitattaṃ lomahaṃso, pageva manussānaṃ. Aññesañca apadadvipadacatuppadānaṃ mahāpathaviyā undriyanakālo viya mahatī vibhiṃsanakā ahosi, sakalasmiṃ jambudīpatale mahantaṃ kolāhalaṃ udapādi. Bhagavā pana taṃ saddaṃ ‘‘kimī’’ti amaññamāno niccalo nisīdi, ‘‘mā kassaci iminā antarāyo hotū’’ti adhiṭṭhāsi.

Yasmā pana so saddo ‘‘akkula pakkula’’ iti iminā ākārena sattānaṃ sotapathaṃ agamāsi, tasmā tassa anukaraṇavasena ‘‘akkulo pakkulo’’ti, yakkhassa ca tassaṃ nigghosanicchāraṇāyaṃ akkulapakkulakaraṇaṃ atthīti katvā ‘‘akkulapakkulikaṃ akāsī’’ti saṅgahaṃ āropayiṃsu. Keci pana ‘‘ākulabyākula iti padadvayassa pariyāyābhidhānavasena akkulo bakkuloti ayaṃ saddo vutto’’ti vadanti yathā ‘‘ekaṃ ekaka’’nti. Yasmā ekavāraṃ jāto paṭhamuppattivaseneva nibbattattā ākuloti ādiattho ākāro, tassa ca kakārāgamaṃ katvā rassattaṃ katanti. Dve vāre pana jāto bakkulo, kulasaddo cettha jātipariyāyo kolaṃkolotiādīsu viya. Vuttaadhippāyānuvidhāyī ca saddappayogoti paṭhamena padena jalābujasīhabyagghādayo, dutiyena aṇḍajaāsīvisakaṇhasappādayo vuccanti, tasmā sīhādiko viya āsīvisādiko viya ca ‘‘ahaṃ te jīvitahārako’’ti imaṃ atthaṃ yakkho padadvayena dassetīti aññe. Apare pana ‘‘akkhulo bhakkhulo’’ti pāḷiṃ vatvā ‘‘akkhetuṃ khepetuṃ vināsetuṃ ulati pavattetīti akkhulo, bhakkhituṃ khādituṃ ulatīti bhakkhulo. Ko paneso? Yakkharakkhasapisācasīhabyagghādīsu aññataro yo koci manussānaṃ anatthāvaho’’ti tassa atthaṃ vadanti. Idhāpi pubbe vuttanayeneva adhippāyayojanā veditabbā.

Esote, samaṇa, pisācoti ‘‘ambho, samaṇa, tava pisitāsano pisāco upaṭṭhito’’ti mahantaṃ bheravarūpaṃ abhinimminitvā bhagavato purato ṭhatvā attānaṃ sandhāya yakkho vadati.

Etamatthaṃviditvāti etaṃ tena yakkhena kāyavācāhi pavattiyamānaṃ vippakāraṃ. Tena ca attano anabhibhavanīyassa hetubhūtaṃ lokadhammesu nirupakkilesataṃ sabbākārato viditvā. Tāyaṃ velāyanti tassaṃ vippakārakaraṇavelāyaṃ. Imaṃ udānanti taṃ vippakāraṃ agaṇetvā assa agaṇanahetubhūtaṃ dhammānubhāvadīpakaṃ imaṃ udānaṃ udānesi.

Tattha yadā sakesu dhammesūti yasmiṃ kāle sakaattabhāvasaṅkhātesu pañcasu upādānakkhandhadhammesu. Pāragūti pariññābhisamayapāripūrivasena pāraṅgato, tatoyeva tesaṃ hetubhūte samudaye, tadappavattilakkhaṇe nirodhe, nirodhagāminiyā paṭipadāya ca pahānasacchikiriyābhāvanābhisamayapāripūrivasena pāragato. Hoti brāhmaṇoti evaṃ sabbaso bāhitapāpattā brāhmaṇo nāma hoti, sabbaso sakaattabhāvāvabodhanepi catusaccābhisamayo hoti. Vuttañcetaṃ – ‘‘imasmiṃyeva byāmamatte kaḷevare sasaññimhi samanake lokañca lokasamudayañca paññapemī’’tiādi (saṃ. ni. 1.107; a. ni. 4.45). Atha vā sakesu dhammesūti attano dhammesu, attano dhammā nāma atthakāmassa puggalassa sīlādidhammā. Sīlasamādhipaññāvimuttiādayo hi vodānadhammā ekantahitasukhasampādanena purisassa attano dhammā nāma, na anatthāvahā saṃkilesadhammā viya asakadhammā. Pāragūti tesaṃ sīlādīnaṃ pāripūriyā pāraṃ pariyantaṃ gato.

Tattha sīlaṃ tāva lokiyalokuttaravasena duvidhaṃ. Tesu lokiyaṃ pubbabhāgasīlaṃ. Taṃ saṅkhepato pātimokkhasaṃvarādivasena catubbidhaṃ, vitthārato pana anekappabhedaṃ. Lokuttaraṃ maggaphalavasena duvidhaṃ, atthato sammāvācāsammākammantasammāājīvā. Yathā ca sīlaṃ, tathā samādhipaññā ca lokiyalokuttaravasena duvidhā. Tattha lokiyasamādhi saha upacārena aṭṭha samāpattiyo, lokuttarasamādhi maggapariyāpanno . Paññāpi lokiyā sutamayā, cintāmayā, bhāvanāmayā ca sāsavā, lokuttarā pana maggasampayuttā phalasampayuttā ca. Vimutti nāma phalavimutti nibbānañca, tasmā sā lokuttarāva. Vimuttiñāṇadassanaṃ lokiyameva, taṃ ekūnavīsatividhaṃ paccavekkhaṇañāṇabhāvato. Evaṃ etesaṃ sīlādidhammānaṃ attano santāne arahattaphalādhigamena anavasesato nibbattapāripūriyā pāraṃ pariyantaṃ gatoti sakesu dhammesu pāragū.

Atha vā sotāpattiphalādhigamena sīlasmiṃ pāragū. So hi ‘‘sīlesu paripūrakārī’’ti vutto, sotāpannaggahaṇeneva cettha sakadāgāmīpi gahito hoti. Anāgāmiphalādhigamena samādhismiṃ pāragū. So hi ‘‘samādhismiṃ paripūrakārī’’ti vutto. Arahattaphalādhigamena itaresu tīsu pāragū. Arahā hi paññāvepullappattiyā aggabhūtāya akuppāya cetovimuttiyā adhigatattā paccavekkhaṇañāṇassa ca pariyosānagamanato paññāvimuttivimuttiñāṇadassanesu pāragū nāma hoti. Evaṃ sabbathāpi catūsu ariyasaccesu catumaggavasena pariññādisoḷasavidhāya kiccanipphattiyā yathāvuttesu tasmiṃ tasmiṃ kāle sakesu dhammesu pāragato.

Hoti brāhmaṇoti tadā so bāhitapāpadhammatāya paramatthabrāhmaṇo hoti. Atha etaṃ pisācañca, pakkulañcātivattatīti tato yathāvuttapāragamanato atha pacchā, ajakalāpaka, etaṃ tayā dassitaṃ pisitāsanatthamāgataṃ pisācaṃ bhayajananatthaṃ samuṭṭhāpitaṃ akkulapakkulikañca ativattati, atikkamati, abhibhavati, taṃ na bhāyatīti attho.

Ayampi gāthā arahattameva ullapitvā kathitā. Atha ajakalāpako attanā katena tathārūpenapi paṭibhayarūpena vibhiṃsanena akampanīyassa bhagavato taṃ tādibhāvaṃ disvā ‘‘aho acchariyamanussovatāya’’nti pasannamānaso pothujjanikāya saddhāya attani niviṭṭhabhāvaṃ vibhāvento satthu sammukhā upāsakattaṃ pavedesi.

Sattamasuttavaṇṇanā niṭṭhitā.