Ulmus crassifolia
Ulmus crassifolia Nutt., the Texas Cedar Elm or simply Cedar Elm, is a deciduous tree native to south central North America, mainly in southern and eastern Texas, eastern Oklahoma, Arkansas and Louisiana, with small populations in western Mississippi, southwest Tennessee and northwestern Florida [http://www.efloras.org/object_page.aspx?object_id=7179&flora_id=1]; it also occurs in northeastern Mexico [http://www.jstor.org/stable/2807778?seq=1]. The tree typically grows well in flat river bottom areas referred to as Cedar Elm Flats.
Description
The Cedar Elm is a medium-sized to large deciduous tree growing to 24-27 m tall with a rounded crown. The leaves are small, 2.5 cm - 5 cm long by 1.3 cm - 2 cm broad, with an oblique base, and distinguish it from Ulmus serotina with which it readily hybridizes in the wild. Leaf fall is late in the year, often in early winter. The wind-pollinated apetalous perfect flowers are produced in the late summer or early fall; they are small and inconspicuous, with a reddish-purple color. The fruit is a small winged samara 8 - 10 mm long, maturing quickly after the flowering in late fall [http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=233501326] [http://plants.usda.gov/java/profile?symbol=ulcr].
Pests and diseases
The tree is highly susceptible to Dutch elm disease and moderately damaged by Elm Leaf Beetle Xanthogaleruca luteola [http://www.sunshinenursery.com/survey.htm].
Cultivation
Owing to Dutch elm disease, the Cedar Elm is now rarely cultivated in North America. It is extremely rare in cultivation in Europe , and Australasia .
Cultivars
Brazos Rim.
Hybrids
Ulmus × arkansana
Accessions
North America
Arnold Arboretum, acc. nos. 511-2002, 758-86, both wild collected.
Chicago Botanic Garden, Glencoe, Illinois. No details available.
Bartlett Tree Experts, acc. no. 90-1243, unrecorded provenance.
New York Botanical Garden, acc. no. 79617, unrecorded provenance.
U S National Arboretum [http://www.usna.usda.gov/index.htm], Washington, D.C., USA. Acc. no. 37834
Europe
Grange Farm Arboretum, Sutton St. James, Spalding, Lincolnshire, UK, acc. no. 509
Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh, acc. no. 20080090, from seed wild collected in USA.
Sir Harold Hillier Gardens, UK, acc. no. 1980-0443, (Brentry Field).
University of Copenhagen Botanic Garden. No details available.
Australasia
Manukau Cemetery & Crematorium, Auckland, New Zealand. No details available.
Nurseries
North America
Widely available
Europe
Arboretum Waasland [http://www.arboretum-waasland.be/English.htm], Nieuwkerken-Waas, Belgium.
Australasia
None known.
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