Salamandridae
Salamandridae is a family of salamanders consisting of true salamanders and newts. There are currently 74 species (with more expected) spread all over the northern hemisphere - Europe, Asia, the northern tip of Africa and North America. Salamandrids are distinguished from other salamanders by the lack of rib or costal grooves along the sides of the body, and usually have rough skin.
Salamandrids generally have patterns of bright and contrasting colours, although there are a few exceptions. They have four well-developed limbs, with four toes on the forelimbs, and (in most cases) five toes on the hindlimbs. They vary from 7 centimetres (3 in) to 30 centimetres (12 in) in length.
The Alpine salamander and Lanza's fire salamander give birth to live young, without a tadpole stage, but the other species lay their eggs in water. Some newts are neotenic, being able to reproduce before they are fully metamorphosed.
Taxonomy
The genera Chioglossa, Lyciasalamandra, Mertensiella and Salamandra are grouped in the subfamily Salamandrinae, the rest in Pleurodelinae. Those with a more thoroughly aquatic lifestyle are referred to as "newts", but this is not a formal taxonomic description.
Family SALAMANDRIDAE Subfamily Pleurodelinae
Genus ''Calotriton'' (Spanish Brook Newts) - 2 species
Montseny Brook Newt (''Calotriton arnoldii'')
Pyrenean Brook Newt (''Calotriton asper'')
Genus ''Cynops'' (Fire Belly Newts) - 7 species
Chenggong Fire Belly Newt (''Cynops chenggongensis '')
Chuxiong Fire-Bellied Newt (''Cynops cyanurus'')
Japanese Sword-Tailed Newt (''Cynops ensicauda'')
Chinese Fire Belly Newt (''Cynops orientalis'')
Dayang Fire Belly newt (''Cynops orphicus'')
Japanese Fire Belly Newt (''Cynops pyrrhogaster'')
Yunnan Lake Newt (''Cynops wolterstorffi'')
Genus ''Echinotriton'' (Crocodile Newts) -2 species
Anderson's Crocodile Newt (''Echinotriton andersoni'')
Chinhai Spiny Newt (''Echinotriton chinhaiensis'')
Genus ''Euproctus'' (Brook Salamanders) -3 species
Pyrenean Brook Salamander (''Euproctus asper'')
Corsican Brook Salamander (''Euproctus montanus'')
Sardinian Brook Salamander (''Euproctus platycephalus'')
Genus ''Lissotriton'' (Small bodied Newts) - 5 species
Bosca's Newt (''Lissotriton boscai'')
Palmate Newt (''Lissotriton helveticus'')
Italian Newt (''Lissotriton italicus'')
Carpathian Newt (''Lissotriton montandoni'')
Smooth Newt (''Lissotriton vulgaris'')
Genus ''Mesotriton'' (Alpine Newts) - 1 species
Alpine Newt (''Mesotriton alpestris'')
Genus ''Neurergus'' (Spotted Newts) - 4 species
Yellow-Spotted Newt (''Neurergus crocatus'')
Kaiser's Spotted Newt (''Neurergus kaiseri'')
Kurdistan Spotted Newt (''Neurergus microspilotus'')
Strauch's Spotted Newt (''Neurergus strauchii'')
Genus ''Notophthalmus'' (Eastern Newts) - 3 species
Black-Spotted Newt (''Notophthalmus meridionalis'')
Striped Newt (''Notophthalmus perstriatus'')
Eastern Newt (''Notophthalmus viridescens'')
Genus ''Ommatotriton'' (Banded Newts) - 2 species
Northern Banded Newt (''Ommatotriton ophryticus'')
Southern Banded Newt (''Ommatotriton vittatus'')
Genus ''Pachytriton'' (Paddle-Tail Newts) - 2 species (with 4 more to be evaluated)
Spotted Paddle-Tail Newt (''Pachytriton brevipes'')
Paddle-Tail Newt (''Pachytriton labiatus'')
probably 4 more species not yet described completely. Known as Pachytriton A, B,C & D.
Genus ''Paramesotriton'' (Warty Newts) -7 species
Spot-Tailed Warty Newt (''Paramesotriton caudopunctatus'')
Chinese Warty Newt (''Paramesotriton chinensis'')
Tam Dao Warty Newt (''Paramesotriton deloustali'')
Wanggao Warty Newt (''Paramesotriton fuzhongensis'')
Guangxi Warty Newt (''Paramesotriton guanxiensis'')
Hong Kong Warty Newt (''Paramesotriton hongkongensis'')
Laos Warty Newt (''Paramesotriton laoensis'')
Genus ''Pleurodeles'' (Ribbed Newts) - 3 species
Algerian Ribbed Newt(''Pleurodeles nebulosus'')
Edough Ribbed Newt (''Pleurodeles poireti'')
Spanish Ribbed Newt (''Pleurodeles waltl'')
Genus ''''Salamandrina'' (Spectacled Salamanders) -2 species
Southern Spectacled Salamander (''Salamandrina terdigitata'')
Northern Spectacled Salamander (''Salamandrina perspicillata'')
Genus ''Taricha'' (Western Newts / Pacific Newts) - 3 species
Rough-Skinned Newt (''Taricha granulosa'')
Red-Bellied Newt (''Taricha rivularis'')
California Newt (''Taricha torosa'')
Genus ''Triturus'' (Crested Newts) -7species
Italian Crested Newt (''Triturus carnifex'')
Northern Crested Newt (''Triturus cristatus'')
Danube Crested Newt (''Triturus dobrogicus'')
Southern Crested Newt (''Triturus karelinii'')
Marbled Newt (''Triturus marmoratus'')
Pygmy Marbled Newt (''Triturus pygmaeus'')
Genus ''Tylototriton'' (Crocodile Newts) - 8 species
Black Knobby Newt (''Tylototriton asperrimus'')
Hainan Knobby Newt (''Tylototriton hainanensis'')
Red-Tailed Knobby Newt (''Tylototriton kweichowensis'')
Mandarin Newt (''Tylototriton shanjing'')
Taliang Knobby Newt (''Tylototriton taliangensis'')
Himalayan Crocodile Newt (''Tylototriton verrucosus'')
Vietnamese Crocodile Newt (''Tylototriton vietnamensis'')
Wenxian Knobby Newt (''Tylototriton wenxianensis'')
Subfamily Salamandrinae
Genus ''Chioglossa'' - 1 species
Gold-Striped Salamander (''Chioglossa lusitanica'')
Genus ''Lyciasalamandra'' - 7 species
Anatolia Lycian Salamander (''Lyciasalamandra anatlyana'')
Atif's Lycian Salamander (''Lyciasalamandra atifi'')
Bay Lycian Salamander (''Lyciasalamandra billae'')
Fazil Lycian Salamander (''Lyciasalamandra fizilae'')
Marmaris Lycian Salamander (''Lyciasalamandra flavimembris'')
Karpathos Lycian Salamander (''Lyciasalamandra helverseni'')
Luschan's Salamander (''Lyciasalamandra luschani'')
Genus ''Mertensiella'' - 1 species
Caucasian Salamander (''Mertensiella caucasica'')
Genus ''Salamandra'' (Fire Salamanders) - 6 species
Algerian Fire Salamander (''Salamandra algira'')
Alpine Salamander (''Salamandra atra'')
Corsican Fire Salamander (''Salamandra corsica'')
Near Eastern Fire Salamander (''Salamandra infraimmaculata'')
Lanza's Fire Salamander (''Salamandra lanzai'')
Fire Salamander (''Salamandra salamandra'')
Translation
The word "Salamandridae" occurs as such in the following languages: English, Breton, Danish, Spanish, French, Italian, Portuguese, Simple English.
Translation(s) in other languages: Bulgarian: Саламандрови, Catalan: Salamàndrid, German: Echte Salamander, Hebrew: סלמנדריים, Lithuanian: Salamandriniai, Hungarian: Szalamandrafélék, Dutch: Echte salamanders, Japanese: イモリ科, Polish: Salamandrowate, Russian: Настоящие саламандры, Slovak: Salamandrovité, Slovenian: Močeradi in pupki, Swedish: Salamandrar (stjärtgroddjur), Vietnamese: Kỳ giông, Chinese: 蝾螈科.
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