Realism

Realism, Realist or Realistic may refer to:

Philosophy

Aesthetic Realism, a philosophy founded by the American poet and critic Eli Siegel
Australian realism or Australian materialism, a 20th Century school of philosophy in Australia
Christian Realism, a philosophy advocated by Reinhold Niebuhr
Constructive realism, a philosophy of science
Cornell realism, a view in meta-ethics associated with the work of Richard Boyd and others
Critical realism, a philosophy of perception concerned with the accuracy of human sense-data
Direct realism, a theory of perception
Entity realism, a philosophical position within scientific realism
Epistemological realism, a subcategory of objectivism
Hyper-realism or Hyperreality, the inability of consciousness to distinguish reality from fantasy
Mathematical realism, a branch of philosophy of mathematics
Moderate realism, a position holding that there is no realm where universals exist
Modal realism, a philosophy propounded by David Lewis, that possible worlds are as real as the actual world
Moral realism, the view in philosophy that there are objective moral values
Mystical realism, a philosophy concerning the nature of the divine, advanced by Nikolai Berdyaev
Naive realism, a common sense theory of perception
New realism (philosophy), a school of early 20th-century epistemology rejecting epistemological dualism
Organic realism or the Philosophy of Organism, the metaphysics of Alfred North Whitehead, now known as process philosophy
Philosophical realism, the belief that reality exists independently of observers
Platonic realism, a philosophy articulated by Plato, positing the existence of universals
Quasi-realism, an expressivist meta-ethical theory which asserts that though our moral claims are projectivist we understand them in realist terms
Representative realism, the view that we cannot perceive the external world directly
Scientific realism, the view that the world described by science is the real world
Transcendental realism, a concept implying that individuals have a perfect understanding of the limitations of their own minds
Truth-value link realism, a metaphysical concept explaining how to understand parts of the world that are apparently cognitively inaccessible

Aesthetics & Literature

Realism (arts), the depiction of subjects as they appear in everyday life
Realism (theatre), a movement towards greater fidelity to real life
Realism (visual arts), a style of painting that depicts what the eye can see
Classical Realism, an artistic movement in late 20th Century that valued beauty and artistic skill
Hyperrealism (painting), a genre of painting that resembles high resolution photography
Kitchen sink realism, an English cultural movement in the 1950s and 1960s that concentrated on contemporary social realism
Literary realism, a 19th century literary movement
Magic realism, an artistic genre in which magical elements appear in an otherwise realistic setting
Nazi heroic realism or the art of the third Reich, a style of propaganda art associated with Nazi Germany
Neorealism, a movement emphasising realism in cinema and literature
New Realism, an artistic movement founded in 1960 by Pierre Restany and Yves Klein
Poetic realism, a film movement in France in the 1930s that used heightened aestheticism
Photorealism, a genre of painting that resembles photography
Real estate realism, the factual depiction of the state of a market as it is in a given point in time.
Romantic realism, an aesthetic art term popularized by writer/philosopher Ayn Rand
Social realism, an artistic movement which depicts working class activities
Socialist realism, a style of propaganda art associated with Communism

International relations

Defensive realism, a theory that anarchy on the world stage causes states to increase their security.
Liberal realism or the "English school of international relations theory", the theory that there exists a 'society of states'
Neorealism or structural realism, a theory that international structures act as a constraint on state behavior
Offensive realism, a theory that states will exploit opportunities to expand whenever they are presented
Political realism, a theory that the primary motivation of states is the desire for power or security, rather than ideals or ethics
Post-realism, a theory that international realism is a particular rhetoric of international relations.
Subaltern realism, a theory that Third World states are more concerned with short term gains.

Law

Legal realism, a theory that law is made by human beings and thus subject to human imperfections
Left realism, a theory that crime disproportionately affects working class people
Right Realism, a theory about the prevention and control of crime.

Other fields

Realism (album), a 2006 album by the German electronic band Steril mary grace
Depressive realism, a contested theory that individuals suffering from clinical depression have a more accurate view of reality
Ethnographic realism, a writing style, in anthropology, which narrates the author's experiences and observations as if they were first-hand
Tactical realism, a genre of combat simulations in computer gaming
Realists, a typeface in VOX-ATypI classification

Translation

The word "Realism" occurs as such in the following languages: English, Estonian.

Translation(s) in other languages: Bulgarian: Реализъм, Czech: Realismus, Danish: Realisme, German: Realismus, Spanish: Realismo, Persian: واقع‌گرایی, French: Réalisme, Croatian: Realizam, Italian: Realismo, Hebrew: ריאליזם, Hungarian: Realizmus, Dutch: Realisme, Japanese: リアリズム, Norwegian (Bokmål): Realisme, Norwegian (Nynorsk): Realisme, Uzbek: Realizm, Polish: Realizm, Romanian: Realism (dezambiguizare), Russian: Реализм, Finnish: Realismi, Turkish: Gerçekçilik.