Halide

A halide is a binary compound, of which one part is a halogen atom and the other part is an element or radical that is less electronegative than the halogen, to make a fluoride, chloride, bromide, iodide, or astatide compound. Many salts are halides. All Group 1 metals form halides with the halogens and they are white solids.

A halide ion is a halogen atom bearing a negative charge. The halide anions are fluoride (F⁻), chloride (Cl⁻), bromide (Br⁻), iodide (I⁻) and astatide (At⁻). Such ions are present in all ionic halide salts.

Test for Halide ions

Halide compounds such as KCl, KBr and KI can be tested with silver nitrate solution, AgNO₃. The halogen will react with Ag⁺ and form a precipitate, with colour as follow:
AgF - No Precipitate
AgCl - White
AgBr - Creamy (Pale Yellow)
AgI - Yellow

Halides in lighting

Metal halides are used in high-intensity discharge lamps called metal halide lamps, such as those used in modern street lights. These are more energy-efficient than mercury-vapor lamps, and have much better colour rendition than orange high-pressure sodium lamps. Metal halide lamps are also commonly used in greenhouses or in rainy climates to supplement natural sunlight.

HID (High-intensity discharge) lamps however, contribute highly to light pollution. Sodium-vapor are favored for this reason.

Halide compounds

Examples of halide compounds are: sodium chloride (NaCl)
potassium chloride (KCl)
potassium iodide (KI)
lithium chloride (LiCl)
copper(II) chloride (CuCl₂)
chlorine fluoride (ClF)
Bromomethane (CH₃Br)
Iodoform (CHI₃)
silver chloride (AgCl)

Translation of "Halide"

Bosnian: Halidi, Catalan: Halur, Czech: Halogenidy, Danish: Halogenid, German: Halogenide, Estonian: Halogeniidid, Greek: Αλογονίδια, Spanish: Haluro, Esperanto: Halogenido, Basque: Haluro, French: Halogénure, Galician: Haluro, Italian: Alogenuro, Macedonian: Халид, Dutch: Halogeniden, Japanese: ハロゲン化合物, Norwegian (Bokmål): Halogenid, Polish: Halogenki, Portuguese: Haleto, Russian: Галогениды (минералы), Slovak: Halogenid, Finnish: Halidi, Swedish: Halogenider, Chinese: 卤化物.