Gadolinite

Gadolinite is a mineral of a nearly black color and vitreous luster, and consisting principally of the silicates of cerium, lanthanum, neodymium, yttrium, beryllium, and iron with formula: (Ce,La,Nd,Y)₂FeBe₂Si₂O₁₀. Called gadolinite-(Ce) or gadolinite-(Y) depending on the prominence of the variable element composition (namely, Y if it has more yttrium, and Ce if it has more cerium).

Gadolinite is fairly rare, but it forms attractive crystals that some collectors desire. Its hardness is between 6.5 and 7, and its specific gravity is between 4.0 and 4.7. It fractures in a conchoidal pattern. The mineral's streak is grayish-green. It is also Pyrognomic, which means that it becomes incandescent at a relatively low temperature.

Gadolinite was named in 1800 for Johan Gadolin, the Finnish mineralogist-chemist who first isolated an oxide of the rare earth element yttrium from the mineral in 1792. The rare earth gadolinium was also named for him. However, gadolinite does not contain more than trace amounts of gadolinium. When Gadolin analyzed this mineral, he missed an opportunity to discover a second element: what he thought was aluminium (alumina) was in fact an element that would not be officially discovered until 1798: beryllium (beryllia).

See also

List of minerals
List of minerals named after people

Translation of "Gadolinite"

German: Gadolinit, Estonian: Gadoliniit, Spanish: Gadolinita, Italian: Gadolinite-(Ce), Hebrew: גדוליניט, Lithuanian: Gadolinitas, Dutch: Gadoliniet, Polish: Gadolinit, Portuguese: Gadolinita, Russian: Гадолинит, Slovenian: Gadolinit, Finnish: Gadoliniitti, Swedish: Gadolinit, Ukrainian: Гадолініт.